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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of the calcium antagonist nifedipine on pressor and aldosterone responses to angiotensin II in normal man (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 315-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: aldosterone ; flurbiprofen ; nifedipine ; blood pressure ; calcium flux ; prostaglandins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of the calcium entry blocker nifedipine on blood pressure (BP) and the pressor and aldosterone responses to graded infusions of angiotensin II were studied in normal subjects using 3 protocols. Study 1 was a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of nifedipine (20 mg p.o.) on supine and erect BP in 9 subjects. There was a highly significant fall in BP: (8±4 mmHg; mean±SDM;p〈0.001) with maximum changes occurring 30 min after drug administration. Significant reciprocal changes in pulse rate were observed. These changes were not altered by prior administration of the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor flurbiprofen (100 mg). In Study 2, 6 subjects were given nifedipine (20 mg) or no treatment mid-way between 2 identical graded infusions of angiotensin II (5, 10 and 20 ng/kg/min) separated by an interval of 1 h on each of 2 study days, and blood pressure and aldosterone responses were measured. There was a significant attenuation of both pressor (p〈0.05) and aldosterone (p〈0.05) responses. The changes in aldosterone responses were not due to changes in plasma renin, potassium or adrenocorticotrophin. In study 3 the pressor and aldosterone responses to angiotensin II (2, 5, 10 and 20 ng/kg/min) were studied after 3 days treatment with nifedipine (20 mg thrice daily) or placebo. Pressor dose response curves to both angiotensin II and noradrenaline were shifted in parallel to the right, but not significantly, and aldosterone responses to angiotensin II were unchanged by nifedipine. These results show that nifedipine may decrease BP in normal subjects by decreasing pressor and aldosterone responses to angiotensin II and that the aldosterone response to angiotensin II in man is possibly calcium-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00610047
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field evaluation of synthetic compounds mediating oviposition inCulex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 281-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Diptera ; Culicidae ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; Culex stigmatosoma ; Culex tarsalis behavior ; attractants ; oviposition attractant ; oviposition stimulant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract 3-Methylindole (skatole), a compound shown to be an oviposition attractant/stimulant forCulex quinquefasciatus in laboratory tests, was evaluated against natural populations of mosquitoes in the field. In experiments using paired black plastic tubs that contained water treated with an attractant solution containing a mixture of 3-methylindole, 4-methylphenol, 4-ethylphenol, phenol, and indole or that contained only tap water, the attractantbaited traps received significantly moreCx. quinquefasciatus egg rafts than did the untreated tap water. Gravid female traps that were baited with attractant solution collected significantly moreCx. quinquefasciatus females than did traps containing only tap water. There was no significant difference in number ofCx. quinquefasciatus collected in the traps baited with the attractant solution compared to the traps that contained water with 3-methylindole alone, indicating that 3-methylindole was solely responsible for the attraction. In replicated experiments conducted in experimental ponds, ponds that were treated with 3-methylindole received significantly moreCx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tarsalis, andCx. stigmatosoma egg rafts than did untreated ponds. Experimental ponds treated with 3-methylindole at two levels (0.12 and 0.6 mg/liter) were equally attractive to ovipositingCx. quinquefasciatus. This is the first record of 3-methylindole showing attractancy/stimulation to ovipositingCx. stigmatosoma andCx. tarsalis under field or laboratory conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02064436
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synergism between chemical attractants and visual cues influencing oviposition of the mosquito,Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 635-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Insecta ; Diptera ; Culicidae ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; oviposition behavior ; attractants ; optical density ; visual cues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Physical factors, such as the color of the oviposition substrate, have seldom been compared with chemical cues in their ability to elicit oviposition behavior in mosquitoes. The role of dyed oviposition waters in attracting ovipositingCulex quinquefasciatus was examined in laboratory experiments. Oviposition waters dyed with ink were found to be significantly attractive to ovipositingCx. quinquefasciatus when compared to distilled water controls. Experiments demonstrated that the mosquitoes were responding to the increased optical density of the dyed oviposition water rather than volatile components of the dye. Ink was also considered in combination with chemical oviposition cues. No comparative data exist on the effect of physical and chemical factors presented together on the oviposition behavior ofCx. quinquefasciatus. Waters dyed with ink acted synergistically with a five-component chemical attractant mixture (3-methylindole, indole, 4-methylphenol, 4-ethylphenol, and phenol) in inducing oviposition in a 2×2 factorial experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984998
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