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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 40 (2013): 732–737, doi:10.1002/grl.50193.
    Description: Satellite records show a decline in ice extent over more than three decades, with a record minimum in September 2012. Results from the Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modelling and Assimilation system (PIOMAS) suggest that the decline in extent has been accompanied by a decline in volume, but this has not been confirmed by data. Using new data from the European Space Agency CryoSat-2 (CS-2) mission, validated with in situ data, we generate estimates of ice volume for the winters of 2010/11 and 2011/12. We compare these data with current estimates from PIOMAS and earlier (2003–8) estimates from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ICESat mission. Between the ICESat and CryoSat-2 periods, the autumn volume declined by 4291 km3 and the winter volume by 1479 km3. This exceeds the decline in ice volume in the central Arctic from the PIOMAS model of 2644 km3 in the autumn, but is less than the 2091 km3 in winter, between the two time periods.
    Description: This work was funded by the UK’s Natural Environment Research Council, the European Space Agency, the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Alberta Ingenuity, National Science Foundation (NSF).
    Description: 2013-08-28
    Keywords: Sea Ice ; Volume ; CryoSat ; Altimetry
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Streptomyces ; Transposable element ; ϕC31 phage ; Gene replacement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary IS117, previously known as the 2.6 kb minicircle, is a transposable element found in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). It integrates predominantly into one preferred site when introduced into the closely related Streptomyces lividans 66, which lacks IS117. This preferred integration site was deleted from the S. lividans chromosome by replacement with an erythromycin resistance gene delivered by a ϕC31 phage vector. When IS117 was introduced into the resulting strain it integrated into many other sites, with some indication of site preference. By cloning a 200 by fragment centred on the preferred integration site onto a low copy number, self-transmissible Streptomyces plasmid derived from SCP2* it was shown that this sequence is sufficient to define the preferred site: IS117 integrates efficiently into this sequence from its preferred site in the host chromosome and at a lower frequency from the plasmid into the preferred site on the S. lividans chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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