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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous reaction-separation process for enzymatic esterification in supercritical carbon dioxide (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 497-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: immobilized enzyme ; lipase ; esterification ; fatty acids ; supercritical carbon dioxide ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The study of enzymatic esterification by an immobilized lipase in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) and in n-hexane, described in our previous works, was extended to continuous operation in a tubular fixed bed. The modeling of the reaction vessel operation was achieved through the use of the simple plug flow model coupled with the appropriate kinetic equation. Comparison with experiments proved to be satisfactory. The study of the postreactional separation, an important feature when using SCCO2, was undertaken experimentally and good selectivities and product recovery were obtained. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260430610
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous operation of lipase-catalyzed reactions in nonaqueous solvents: Influence of the production of hydrophilic compounds (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 56 (1997), S. 232-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: lipozyme ; esterification ; continuous reactor ; water activity ; organic solvent ; supercritical carbon dioxide ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the field of biocatalysis in nonaqueous media, water has been identified as a crucial parameter which has to be carefully controlled. This article studies the continuous operation of a water-producing enzymatic reaction, here the esterification of oleic acid by ethanol in n-hexane catalyzed by LipozymeTM. The conversion decreased significantly over time, eventually coming to a lower steady-state level. This would be due to the accumulation of the produced water into the enzyme fixed-bed reactor, n-hexane being unable to evacuate this water out of the reaction vessel, because of the low polarity of this solvent. Therefore the conversion decreased until the produced water could be eliminated by the solvent achieving a steady state with a lower conversion. In supercritical carbon dioxide, a more hydrophilic solvent, steady state is at once obtained. This approach has been extended to reaction producing a hydrophilic compound, here glycerol during the transesterification between triolein and ethanol, and similar conclusions can be made. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 56: 232-237, 1997.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water activity control: A way to improve the efficiency of continuous lipase esterification (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 60 (1998), S. 362-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: esterification ; continuous reaction ; water activity ; lipase ; organic solvent ; packed-bed reactor ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: During continuous lipase-catalyzed oleic acid esterification by ethanol in n-hexane, the oleic acid conversion, initially at 95%, decreases to 20% after 2 h. This decrease is caused by the accumulation of the water produced in the course of the reaction in the packed-bed reactor (PBR). In order to improve the PBR efficiency, it is necessary to evacuate the water produced. In this study, different approaches have been tested to control the water content in the PBR during continuous esterification. The first approach consisted in improving the water solubility by increasing the reaction medium polarity. The addition of polar additives to n-hexane, the use of more polar solvents, and the use of solvent-free reaction medium were tested as a means to favor the water evacuation from the PBR. First of all, the use ofn-hexane supplemented with acetone (3 M) or 2-methyl-2-propanol (1 M) enabled the conversion to be maintained at higher values than those obtained in pure n-hexane. The replacement of n-hexane by a more polar solvent, like the 5-methyl-2-hexanone, resulted in the same effect. In all cases, conversions at steady-state were always less than 95%, as obtained in pure n-hexane. This is explained by a decrease in the enzyme activity due to the increase in the medium polarity. Nevertheless, an increase in enzyme quantity allowed 90% conversion to be maintained during 1 week using 3 M acetone amended n-hexane. Good results (a steady-state conversion of about 80%) were obtained when esterification was carried out in a solvent-free reaction medium containing 2 M 2-methyl-2-propanol as a polar additive. The second approach consisted in the evaporation of the accumulated water by use of an intermittent airflow. Although this process did not enable constant esterification rate to be maintained, it did enable the initial conversion (95%) to be restored intermittently. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 60: 362-368, 1998.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
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    Comparative analysis of morphometric traits of farmed sugar kelp and skinny kelp, Saccharina spp., strains from the Northwest Atlantic (2021)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-20
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Umanzor, S., Li, Y., Bailey, D., Augyte, S., Huang, M., Marty-Rivera, M., Jannink, J., Yarish, C., & Lindell, S. Comparative analysis of morphometric traits of farmed sugar kelp and skinny kelp, Saccharina spp., strains from the Northwest Atlantic. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, (2021), https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12783.
    Description: Our team has initiated a selective breeding program for regional strains of sugar kelp, Saccharina latissima, to improve the competitiveness of kelp farming in the United States. Within our breeding program, we also include an endemic putative species, Saccharina angustissima, locally referred to as skinny kelp. We crossed uniclonal gametophyte cultures derived from 37 wild‐collected blades representing five sugar kelp strains and one skinny kelp strain to produce 104 unique crosses. Each cross was outplanted on a near‐shore research farm located in the Gulf of Maine (GOM). After the first farming season, our results indicated that sugar kelp and skinny kelp were interfertile, and produced mature and reproductively viable sporophytes. Morphological traits of individual blades varied depending on the parental contribution (sugar vs. skinny), with significant differences found in progeny blade length, width, thickness, and in stipe length and diameter. Despite these differences, wet weight and blade density per plot showed no statistical differences regardless of the cross. Given their published genetic similarity and their interfertility shown here, S. angustissima and S. latissima may not be different species, and may each contribute genetic diversity to breeding programs aimed at meeting ocean farming and market needs.
    Description: Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, ARPAe MARINER project contract number DE‐AR0000915 and DE‐AR0000911, AgCore Technologies of Rhode Island, and the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center, AmplifyMass Program.
    Keywords: Morphometrics ; Phenotyping ; Saccharina angustissima ; Saccharina latissima ; Seaweed aquaculture ; Selective breeding
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 5
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    Simulation of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) breeding guided by practices to accelerate genetic gains (2022)
    Genetics Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-20
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Huang, M., Robbins, K. R., Li, Y., Umanzor, S., Marty-Rivera, M., Bailey, D., Yarish, C., Lindell, S., & Jannink, J.-L. Simulation of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) breeding guided by practices to accelerate genetic gains. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, 12(3), (2022): jkac003, https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac003.
    Description: Though Saccharina japonica cultivation has been established for many decades in East Asian countries, the domestication process of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) in the Northeast United States is still at its infancy. In this study, by using data from our breeding experience, we will demonstrate how obstacles for accelerated genetic gain can be assessed using simulation approaches that inform resource allocation decisions. Thus far, we have used 140 wild sporophytes that were sampled in 2018 from the northern Gulf of Maine to southern New England. From these sporophytes, we sampled gametophytes and made and evaluated over 600 progeny sporophytes from crosses among the gametophytes in 2019 and 2020. The biphasic life cycle of kelp gives a great advantage in selective breeding as we can potentially select both on the sporophytes and gametophytes. However, several obstacles exist, such as the amount of time it takes to complete a breeding cycle, the number of gametophytes that can be maintained in the laboratory, and whether positive selection can be conducted on farm-tested sporophytes. Using the Gulf of Maine population characteristics for heritability and effective population size, we simulated a founder population of 1,000 individuals and evaluated the impact of overcoming these obstacles on rate of genetic gain. Our results showed that key factors to improve current genetic gain rely mainly on our ability to induce reproduction of the best farm-tested sporophytes, and to accelerate the clonal vegetative growth of released gametophytes so that enough gametophyte biomass is ready for making crosses by the next growing season. Overcoming these challenges could improve rates of genetic gain more than 2-fold. Future research should focus on conditions favorable for inducing spring reproduction, and on increasing the amount of gametophyte tissue available in time to make fall crosses in the same year.
    Description: We acknowledge the funding support from the US Department of Energy Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E, Funding number DE-AR0000915).
    Keywords: Sugar kelp ; Saccharina latissima ; Simulation ; Breeding ; Genetic gain ; Genomic selection ; Genomic Prediction ; GenPred ; Shared Data Resource
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 6
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    Skinny kelp (Saccharina angustissima) provides valuable genetics for the biomass improvement of farmed sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Li, Y., Umanzor, S., Ng, C., Huang, M., Marty-Rivera, M., Bailey, D., Aydlett, M., Jannink, J.-L., Lindell, S., & Yarish, C. Skinny kelp (Saccharina angustissima) provides valuable genetics for the biomass improvement of farmed sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima). Journal of Applied Phycology, 34, (2022): 2551–2563, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02811-1.
    Description: Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) is one of the most widely cultivated brown marine macroalgae species in the North Atlantic and the eastern North Pacific Oceans. To meet the expanding demands of the sugar kelp mariculture industry, selecting and breeding sugar kelp that is best suited to offshore farm environments is becoming necessary. To that end, a multi-year, multi-institutional breeding program was established by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) Macroalgae Research Inspiring Novel Energy Resources (MARINER) program. Hybrid sporophytes were generated using 203 unique gametophyte cultures derived from wild-collected Saccharina spp. for two seasons of farm trials (2019–2020 and 2020–2021). The wild sporophytes were collected from 10 different locations within the Gulf of Maine (USA) region, including both sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and the skinny kelp species (Saccharina angustissima). We harvested 232 common farm plots during these two seasons with available data. We found that farmed kelp plots with skinny kelp as parents had an average increased yield over the mean (wet weight 2.48 ± 0.90 kg m−1 and dry weight 0.32 ± 0.10 kg m−1) in both growing seasons. We also found that blade length positively correlated with biomass in skinny kelp x sugar kelp crosses or pure sugar kelp crosses. The skinny x sugar progenies had significantly longer and narrower blades than the pure sugar kelp progenies in both seasons. Overall, these findings suggest that sugar x skinny kelp crosses provide improved yield compared to pure sugar kelp crosses.
    Description: Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, ARPAe MARINER project contract number DE-AR0000915 and DE-AR0000911.
    Keywords: Saccharina latissima ; Saccharina angustissima ; Morphological trait ; Biomass ; Seaweed aquaculture
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 7
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    Population genetics of sugar kelp throughout the Northeastern United States genome-wide markers (2020)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Mao, X., Augyte, S., Huang, M., Hare, M. P., Bailey, D., Umanzor, S., Marty-Rivera, M., Robbins, K. R., Yarish, C., Lindell, S., & Jannink, J. Population genetics of sugar kelp throughout the Northeastern United States genome-wide markers. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 694, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00694.
    Description: An assessment of genetic diversity of marine populations is critical not only for the understanding and preserving natural biodiversity but also for its commercial potential. As commercial demand rises for marine resources, it is critical to generate baseline information for monitoring wild populations. Furthermore, anthropogenic stressors on the coastal environment, such as warming sea temperatures and overharvesting of wild populations, are leading to the destruction of keystone marine species such as kelps. In this study, we conducted a fine-scale genetic analysis using genome-wide high-density markers on Northwest Atlantic sugar kelp. The population structure for a total of 149 samples from the Gulf of Maine (GOM) and Southern New England (SNE) was investigated using AMOVA, FST, admixture, and PCoA. Genome-wide association analyses were conducted for six morphological traits, and the extended Lewontin and Krakauer (FLK) test was used to detect selection signatures. Our results indicate that the GOM region is more heterogeneous than SNE. These two regions have large genetic difference (between-location FST ranged from 0.21 to 0.32) and were separated by Cape Cod, which is known to be the biogeographic barrier for other taxa. We detected one significant SNP (P = 2.03 × 10–7) associated with stipe length, and 248 SNPs with higher-than-neutral differentiation. The findings of this study provide baseline knowledge on sugar kelp population genetics for future monitoring, managing and potentially restoring wild populations, as well as assisting in selective breeding to improve desirable traits for future commercialization opportunities.
    Description: We acknowledge funding support from the U.S. Depaertment of Energy ARPA-E (DE-AR0000915), and the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (AmplifyMass).
    Keywords: Saccharina latissima ; Population structure ; Genome-wide analysis ; Cultivation ; Northeastern United States
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 8
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    Effect of Electron Correlations on Magnetic Excitations in the Isovalently Doped Iron-Based Superconductor Ba(Fe_{1-x}Ru_{x})_{2}As_{2} (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-06
    Description: Author(s): Jun Zhao, C. R. Rotundu, K. Marty, M. Matsuda, Y. Zhao, C. Setty, E. Bourret-Courchesne, Jiangping Hu, and R. J. Birgeneau Magnetic correlations in isovalently doped Ba(Fe 1- x Ru x ) 2 As 2 ( x =0.25, T c =14.5  K; x =0.35, T c =20  K) are studied by elastic and inelastic neutron scattering techniques. A relatively large superconducting spin gap accompanied by a weak resonance mode is observed in the superconducting state in both sam... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 147003] Published Fri Apr 05, 2013
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Spin to Charge Conversion at Room Temperature by Spin Pumping into a New Type of Topological Insulator: α-Sn Films (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-02
    Description: Author(s): J.-C. Rojas-Sánchez, S. Oyarzún, Y. Fu, A. Marty, C. Vergnaud, S. Gambarelli, L. Vila, M. Jamet, Y. Ohtsubo, A. Taleb-Ibrahimi, P. Le Fèvre, F. Bertran, N. Reyren, J.-M. George, and A. Fert We present results on spin to charge current conversion in experiments of resonant spin pumping into the Dirac cone with helical spin polarization of the elemental topological insulator (TI) α -Sn. By angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), we first check that the Dirac cone (DC) at the α -… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 096602] Published Tue Mar 01, 2016
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Magneto-Coulomb Effect in Carbon Nanotube Quantum Dots Filled with Magnetic Nanoparticles (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-28
    Description: Author(s): S. Datta, L. Marty, J. P. Cleuziou, C. Tilmaciu, B. Soula, E. Flahaut, and W. Wernsdorfer [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 186804] Published Thu Oct 27, 2011
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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