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  • 1
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Calibration algorithms for a synthetic aperture microwave radiometer are presented. The calibration is geared to Earth remote sensing applications, and is demonstrated on an airborne prototype of thinned array imager. Two approaches to the system calibration are presented; the first utilizes commonly available reference brightness temperature scenes, such as open water, and the second utilizes data collected on the antenna range. Both algorithms yield spatial response information which is cast in matrix form and inverted to obtain the image reconstruction formula. Experimental results are examined, and errors in some reconstructed images are linked to the present prototype antenna design. Algorithms for improving the synthesized antenna pattern side lobe performance are also presented. In one solution, the pattern efficiency is optimized by minimizing the pattern outside a defined beam. In another solution, the patterns are matched to a desired model pattern by the method of least squared errors. Both techniques offer an attractive alternative to aperture weighting.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892); 31; 1; p. 257-267.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: GeoSTAR is an instrument concept to provide high resolution microwave images of the earth from GEO.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: 12th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment; Mar 05, 2012 - Mar 09, 2012; Rome; Italy
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Preliminary details of a 2-D synthetic aperture radiometer prototype operating from 50 to 58 GHz will be presented. The instrument is being developed as a laboratory testbed, and the goal of this work is to demonstrate the technologies needed to do atmospheric soundings with high spatial resolution from Geostationary orbit. The concept is to deploy a large sparse aperture Y-array from a geostationary satellite, and to use aperture synthesis to obtain images of the earth without the need for a large mechanically scanned antenna. The laboratory prototype consists of a Y-array of 24 horn antennas, MMIC receivers, and a digital cross-correlation sub-system. System studies are discussed, including an error budget which has been derived from numerical simulations. The error budget defines key requirements, such as null offsets, phase calibration, and antenna pattern knowledge. Details of the instrument design are discussed in the context of these requirements.
    Keywords: Communications and Radar
    Type: Earth Science and Technology Conference (ESTC); Jun 22, 2004 - Jun 24, 2004; Palto Alto, CA; United States
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Geostationary Synthetic Thinned Aperture Radiometer (GeoSTAR) is a new microwave atmospheric sounder under development. It will bring capabilities similar to those now available on low-earth orbiting environmental satellites to geostationary orbit - where such capabilities have not been available. GeoSTAR will synthesize the multimeter aperture needed to achieve the required spatial resolution, which will overcome the obstacle that has prevented a GEO microwave sounder from being implemented until now. The synthetic aperture approach has until recently not been feasible, due to the high power needed to operate the on-board high-speed massively parallel processing system required for 2D-synthesis, as well as a number of system and calibration obstacles. The development effort under way at JPL, with important contributions from the Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Michigan, is intended to demonstrate the measurement concept and retire much of the technology risk.
    Keywords: Communications and Radar
    Type: SPIE 4th International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Symposium, Honolulu; Nov 08, 2004 - Nov 11, 2004; Honolulu, HI; United States
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A radiometer that measures the complex correlation of the voltage from pairs of antennas at many different baselines is being developed. Each baseline produces a sample point in the Fourier transform of the scene, and a map of the scene is obtained after all measurements have been made by inverting the transform. A substantial reduction in the antenna collecting area required compared to a conventional imaging radiometer can be obtained in this manner. An aircraft prototype being developed is a hybrid which uses real aperture antennas to obtain resolution along-track (stick antennas) and uses aperture synthesis to obtain resolution across-track. The prototype was flight-tested aboard the NASA P-3 in June 1988. During this flight a map was made of the Delmarva Peninsula south of NASA's Wallops Flight Facility. This initial map shows the major land/water features and compares very favorably with a Landsat image of the area, suggesting a bright outlook for the development of this technique in the future.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Vancouver, Canada, July 10-14, 1989) IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892); 614-619
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