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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Ceutorhynchus assimilis ; cabbage seed weevil ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Brassica napus ; oilseed rape ; volatiles ; isothiocyanates ; EAG ; SCR ; GC-EAG ; GC-SCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The response of theCeutorhynchus assimilis antenna to volatiles in air entrainment-derived extracts of oilseed rape,Brassica napus, was studied using coupled gas chromatography (GC)-electroantennography (EAG) and coupled GC-single cell recording (SCR). By means of these techniques and coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 25 active compounds were identified, including isoprenoids and compounds derived from fatty acids and amino acids. Some of the latter, the isothiocyanates and goitrin, and probably indole and benzyl cyanide, are catabolites of glucosinolates. The electrophysiological activity of the identified compounds was confirmed by EAG using a physiologically discriminating dose, and by SCR studies. The importance of the combined use of the EAG and SCR techniques was demonstrated, since specific olfactory cells were located for five compounds that did not elicit significant EAG responses. The majority of the olfactory cells from which single cell recordings were obtained showed very high specificity, and in numerous recordings there were consistent pairings of specific cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oviposition-deterring pheromone ; host marking pheromone ; marker ; electrophysiology ; contact chemoreception ; gustatory sensilla ; antenna ; behavior ; Ceutorhynchus assimilis ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Brassica napus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Following oviposition into a pod of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), the female cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis) marks the pod with oviposition-deterring pheromone (ODP) by brushing it with her eighth abdominal tergite. On an unmarked pod, oviposition site selection was always accompanied by intensive antennation of the pod. Females approaching a freshly ODP-marked pod brought their antennae within 1 mm of the pod but usually did not antennate it before rejecting it for oviposition. Females with the clubs of their antennae amputated continued to discriminate pods from stems or petioles as oviposition sites but showed no behavioral response to ODP. Extracts of volatiles air-entrained from ovipositing weevils failed to inhibit oviposition. Air passed over a behaviorally active extract of ODP did not elicit a detectable electroantennogram response. By contrast, when presented as a gustatory stimulus to the sensilla chaetica of the antennal club, a behaviorally active extract of ODP from postdiapause, gravid females elicited a strong electrophysiological response. This response usually involved more than one cell and displayed a phasic–tonic time course over the recording period of 10 sec. Extract from prediapause (and hence sexually immature) females elicited neither behavioral nor electrophysiological (contact) responses. Thus the ODP of the cabbage seed weevil is sensed primarily by contact chemoreception at the sensilla chaetica of the antennae, and the electrophysiological responses recorded from these gustatory sensilla are of value as the basis of a bioassay to assist identification of the active constituent(s) of the pheromone.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Seven-spot ladybird ; Coccinella septempunctata ; Coleoptera ; Coccinellidae ; electrophysiology ; single neuron recording ; dose-response ; behavior ; olfactometer ; aphid alarm pheromone ; (E)-β-farnesene ; (−)-β-caryophyllene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Electrophysiological responses of adult seven-spot ladybirds, Coccinella septempunctata, to (E)-β-farnesene, an aphid alarm pheromone, and (−)-β-caryophyllene, a plant-derived alarm pheromone inhibitor, were investigated by recording from single olfactory cells (neurons) on the antenna. Cells having high specificity for each of the two compounds were identified. Furthermore, these two cell types were frequently found in close proximity, with a larger amplitude consistently recorded for the cell responding specifically to (E)-β-farnesene. Preliminary behavioral studies in a two-way olfactometer showed that walking adults were significantly attracted to (E)-β-farnesene; this activity was inhibited with increasing proportions of (−)-β-caryophyllene. The possible ecological significance of colocation or pairing of olfactory cells for semiochemicals with different behavioral roles is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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