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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 27 (1993), S. 465-475 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: We investigated the behavior of fetal rat osteoblasts cultured on four bone replacing materials: bioactive glass, hydroxylapatite, a titanium alloy, and stainless steel. The cultures were histologically examined for individual cell morphology and osteoblast expression after several periods of time using scanning electron, fluorescence, and normal light microscopy. Other cultures were used for biochemical determinations of alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) and DNA content. Osteoblasts cultured on bioactive glass showed a better osteoblast-like morphology and a higher proliferation rate, leading to confluent cultures with higher cell density and a generally better expression of the osteoblast phenotype in comparison with the other substrates. The confluent bioactive glass cultures also showed significantly higher DNA content and APA as well as the calculated APA/DNA ratio. Based on the evaluation of histological and biochemical parameters we conclude that osteoblasts cultured on bioactive glass show a generally better osteoblast character than on the other materials. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 1 (1990), S. 153-165 
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: After the first approach to patent literature in a scientific library (Part I), we have completed the patent retrieval on the mentioned subject with the facilities of patent collections. This work describes the various methods: the direct access to original documents with classification codes, the consultation of the secondary literature of official gazettes and private services, and the use of indexes. The application of all these methods concerning calcium phosphate-containing biomaterials is presented and discussed. The retrieval resulted in 363 applications during the period 1975-1985 and 134 in 1986. Forty-nine percent and 63%, respectively, of these applications were basic patents, the rest were equivalents. The technical information which 80% of all these documents contain has already been indexed in Chemical Abstracts. The remaining documents are only available in patent collections. They deal with more technical problems and concentrate in specific IPC groups. Because of the language barrier, the access to Japanese patents is often only possible by means of equivalent patents applied in the United States, Great Britain, the Federal Republik of Germany or international authorities (EPO, WIPO). These are filed up in patent collections.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 1 (1990), S. 167-182 
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The statistics and contents of patent and non-patent literature on calcium phosphate-containing biomaterials have been compared with each other. This was done by means of patent documents and scientific articles which have been published by the same author respectively on the same specific topic: prostheses coated with calcium phosphate-containing biomaterials. It was found that 765 articles in periodicals and 624 patents were brought out between 1975 and 1987. Both figures refer to calcium phosphate-containing biomaterials; the volume concerning the selected coating topic amounts to 40 articles and 83 patents. About 20% of the inventors publish also in periodicals but rarely about the subjects of their patents. The time lag between the disclosure of a patent and the publication of the corresponding article in a periodical comes to about one year but it is also possible that the article appears earlier than the patent. Patents preferably report on technical facts in detail (sintering processes, coating methods, components), periodicals much more on biological aspects (animal tests, histological investigations). The contents of patent and non-patent and non-patent literature do not overlap, but complete each other, so that studying patents should not be neglected to get an extensive survey on the progress of research. Volume, style, and formulation still provide an obstacle to patent documents for many research workers. New ways of excerpting patents are proposed for an efficient use.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 859-863 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: shear ; air-lift loop reactor ; growth rate ; cell size ; hybridoma cell ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To study the effects of the growth rate of the hybridoma cell Mn12 on productivity, cell cycle, cell size, and shear sensitivity, six continuous cultures were run at dilution rate of 0.011, 0.021, 0.023, 0.030, 0.042, and 0.058 h-1. This particular hybridoma cell appeared to be unstable in continuous culture with respect to specific productivity, as a sudden drop occurred after about 30 generations in continuous culture, accompanied by the appearance of two populations with respect to the cytoplasmic lgG content. The specific productivity increased with increasing growth rate. The shear sensitivity of the cell, as measured in a small air-lift loop reactor, increased with increasing growth rate. The mean relative cell size, as determined with a flow cytometer, increased with increasing growth rates. Furthermore, the fraction of cells in the S phase increased, and the fraction of cells in the G1/G0 phase decreased with increasing growth rates. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 1081-1088 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A procedure for the preparation of about 50 g batches of tRNA from 25 kg E. coli W is described. The method involves phenolic extraction of the cells, batch absorption of the tRNA on DEAE-cellulose, washing the DEAE-cellulose and packing it into a column, elution of the tRNA from the column and precipitation of the tRNA with ethanol. The method is less time and labor consuming than the methods described in the literature and can be carried out with relatively simple equipment.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 281-299 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The potential of continuous isopropanol-butanol-ethanol (IBE) fermentation by Ca-alginate-immobilized Clostridium beijerinckii cells in a continuous stirred-tank reactor is investigated. A mathematical model is presented to describe steady-state reactor performance. It appeared to be possible to use the biocatalyst particles repeatedly for successive fermentations (at least three times for a total duration of two months). Reactor productivity was 6-16 times higher than that of a batch fermentation (free cells), while the solvents yield was also increased. Measurements of substrate, product, and biomass concentrations were only partially in agreement with the model; however, a solid basis for further technological developement of the process has been laid.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1243-1243 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Correction ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Correction
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23 (1989), S. 1367-1369 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 26 (1992), S. 7-18 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Tensile strength of the interface between hydroxyapatite (HA) and bone was tested. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the tensile failure mode and the morphological change of hydroxyapatite ceramic surface in bone. The porosity of hydroxyapatite is 14% and pore size less than 2 μm. After 2 weeks of implantation, the tensile strength of the interface is 0.72 MPa. After 4, 8, and 16 weeks, the average tensile strength stayed at 1.5 MPa. SEM showed that tensile failure occurred at the HA-bone interface at the second week, but after 4 weeks, the failure occurred between HA particles within the bulk, and not at the HA-bone interface. Calcified tissue was directly deposited on the HA ceramic surface and exits also in the micropores. Near the interface, sintered necks among HA ceramic particles were subjected to biodegradation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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