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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etching of a low-density polyethylene film by fuming nitric acid (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 249 (1997), S. 33-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Filme aus Polyethylen niedriger Dichte (LDPE) wurden mit rauchender Salpetersäure behandelt. Die Oberflächeneigenschaften sowie die Bildung polarer Gruppen wie auf der geätzten Filmoberfläche wurden mit SEM-, IR- und XPS-Methoden analysiert. Die mechanische Festigkeit eines aus dem geätzten LDPE-Film und einem Epoxidharz hergestellten Laminats sowie die Bedruckbarkeit der geätzten Oberflächen wurden untersucht und mit einer unbehandelten Probe verglichen. Die Oberflächenrauhigkeit und die Gegenwart polarer Gruppen erhöhen die mechanische Festigkeit des Laminats aus dem geätzten Film durch mechanische Verankerung und chemischer Wechselwirkungen. Die Oberfläche des behandelten LDPE-Films ist besser bedruckbar als die des unbehandelten Films.
    Notes: Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films were treated with fuming nitric acid (FNA). The surface characteristics and also the insertion of polar groups like on the etched LDPE film surface were measured by SEM, IR and XPS analyses, respectively. The mechanical performance of a laminate of the etched film with epoxy resin and also the printability of the etched film surface were tested and compared with the unetched sample. The surface roughening and the presence of polar groups enhance the mechanical strength of the laminate of FNA-treated film due to mechanical interlocking and chemical interaction. The printability of the treated film surface is also superior to that of the untreated LDPE film surface.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1997.052490103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulatory control of a chaotic nonisothermal CSTR (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 908-912 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390521
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiplicity and instability of states for isothermal homogeneous reactions in CSTR: Case of autocatalysis (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 649-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300420
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism of oligomerization of cardanol using acid catalysts (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 309-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics and mechanism of oligomerization of cardanol over acid catalysts were studied. GPC results showed the formation of a mixture of oligomers such as dimer, trimer, tetramer, etc. IR spectra of the products of oligomerization showed a decrease in the intensity of the double bond absorption band at 1630 cm-1 and the disappearance of terminal vinyl bands at 895 cm-1 and 907 cm-1. 1H NMR spectra showed drastic changes in the unsaturated proton resonance signals at 5.5δ with respect to saturated protons at 0.2-2.5δ. The ratio of resonance integrals of unsaturated to saturated protons decreased from 1 : 6.5 to 1 : 20 after oligomerization. GPC studies showed that the rate of formation of the dimer, trimer, tetramer, etc. follow an identical path and that the individual oligomers are formed in the same weight percentage at any time during the reaction. A kinetic scheme is proposed to explain this phenomenon. Kinetic studies showed that the oligomerization reaction follows first order kinetics with respect to the monomer concentration and the rate constant is K = 6.6 × 10-5s-1. A probable mechanism for the oligomerization of cardanol is proposed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070450213
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of mechanical property, crosslink density and thermogravimetric behavior of castor oil polyurethane-polystyrene divinyl benzene simultaneous IPN networks (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 1803-1815 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Several simultaneous interpenetrating networks (IPN) of castor oil polyurethane (COPUN) and polystyrene divinyl benzene (PSN) were synthesized under conditions where the free radical polymerization of styrene and the crosslinking reaction of castor oil and toluene diisocyanate progress at comparable rates. Comparison of the mechanical properties and crosslink density of the COPUN and COPUN/PSN-IPNs indicates a marginal increase in tensile strength and crosslink density from COPUN to 60COPUN/40 PSN IPN. IPN samples prepared with further increased PSN content show steady decrease in the above properties. This reversal of the expected trend was attributed to the possible greater molecular interpenetration achieved due to similar gelation times with resultant extension of chains and increase in free volume between crosslinks. This was further confirmed from thermogravimetric data on the initial stages of decomposition of the IPNs.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340503
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluroescence detection (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 18 (1995), S. 719-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Benzo[a]pyrene ; DNA adducts ; Laser-induced fluorescence detection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240181110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrospray mass spectroscopy of macromolecules: Application of an ion-drift spectrometerThis paper was invited by the Editor at the time of Professcr Dole's retirement. (1984)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1984), S. 259-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Macroions of lysozyme and polystyrene produced by the electrospraying of dilute solutions of these macromolecules into nitrogen gas at atmospheric pressure have been studied by means of the measurement of their mobilities in nitrogen by means of an ion-drift spectrometer. In the case of polystyrene mainly clusters of negative macroions have been detected and studied, but in the case of lysozyme macroions containing one, two or three positive charges can be identified. The effect of change of solution concentration, temperature and pressure in the ion-drift tube on the data obtained in the case of polystyrene has been observed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200110602
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of fungicides by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatograph ; Fungicides ; Water ; Environmental analysis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection (CE/UV) of selected fungicides (carbendazim, metalaxyl, propiconazole, and vinclozolin) using different buffer compositions was investigated. Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with 10 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.0) was not useful in separating the four fungicides used in this study. However, the four fungicides were well resolved by employing micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC). Among the two surfactants tested in MEKC, bile salts provided better separation compared to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). A buffer consisting of 10 mM sodium phosphate with 100 mM sodium cholate and 10% methanol (pH 7.0) gave best results; excellent separation of the four compounds was achieved in less than 15 min. The CE/UV method was validated by analyzing deionized and lake-water samples fortified with known concentrations of the four fungicides. Average recoveries of the fungicides in lake water at 4 μg/L level ranged from 42 to 87%.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150180210
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ring A conformation in steroids. 2For Part I, see reference 13. - NMR study of C-2 monomethyl- and dimethyl-substituted 5α-androstan-3-ones (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 25 (1987), S. 730-733 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 1H NMR ; 13C NMR monomethyl/dimethyl 5α-androstan-3-ones ; Steroid ; Ring A conformation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ring A proton shifts and couplings and 13C shifts of all carbons are given for 17β-acetoxy-2α-methyl- and 17β-methoxy-2β-methyl-5α-androstan-3-one and 2,2-dimethyl-17β-methoxy-5α-androstan-3-one. It was concluded that the 2β-methyl derivative exists with ring A in a regular chair conformation while the 2β-methyl derivative exists with ring A in an inverted boat conformation with C-2 and C-5 at the bow/stern positions. The data for 2,2-dimethyl-17β-methoxy-5α-androstan-3-one suggest an equilibrium of these two conformers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260250814
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An NMR study of A-ring conformation in some 4-en-3-one steroids (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 25 (1987), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: NMR ; 4-en-3-one steroids ; Conformational analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: NMR spectral data are given for the A-ring in ten 4-en-3-one steroids, and the strategy of the spectral analysis is described. The data are interpreted in terms of an equilibrium between normal and inverted half-chair conformations, with the normal conformation predominant in all cases except when 2β-acetoxy substitution forces inversion. Substitution at the 17α position has no measurable effect upon the A-ring conformation while 6α and 19-nor substitution have only a small effect. Unsaturation at the C-5 position results in a flattened A-ring. The results obtained from NMR are compared with those obtained by x-ray crystallography. The A-ring conformation shows far less variation in solution than it does in the solid.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260250107
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