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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 99 (1966), S. 2600-2606 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aliphatische Diamidrazone des Typs H2N—N=(H2N)C—[CH2]n—C(NH2)=N—NH2 (1) sind mit Ausnahme des Malonsäure- und Bernsteinsäure-diamidrazons (n = 1 bzw. 2) durch Umsetzung entsprechender Dinitrile mit Natriumhydrazid in einem Hydrazin/Diäthyläther-Gemisch bei 35° mit Ausbeuten über 80% bequem zugänglich. Durch Acylieren und anschließendes Erhitzen auf 200° bzw. durch Umsetzen mit salpetriger Säure können die Diamidrazone, wie an einigen Beispielen gezeigt wird, in präparativ brauchbarer Ausbeute in α.ω-Di-[1.2.4-triazolyl-(3)]-n-alkane bzw. α.ω-Di-[tetrazolyl-(5)]-n-alkane (4 bzw. 5) übergeführt werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1H-NMR spectra of 2-(nitromethylidene)pyrrolidine (7), 1-methyl-2-(nitromethylidene)imidazolidind (10) and 3-(nitromethylidene)tetrahydrothiazine (11) in CDCl3 and (CD3)2SO indicate that these compounds have the intramolecularly H-bonded structures (Z)-7, (E)-10 and (Z)-11 while the N-methyl derivative 8 of 7 is (E)-configurated in both solvents. 1-Benzylamino-1-(methyltio)-2-nitroehtylene (13), an acylic model, has the H-bonded configuration (E)-13 in CDCl3 and in (CD3)2SO. 2-(Nitromethylidene)thiazolidine (3) has the (E)-configuration in CDCl3 but exists in (CD3)2SO as a mixture of (Z)- and (E)-isomers with the former predominating. Both species are detected to varying proportions in a mixture of the two solvents. 15N-NMR spectroscopy of 3 ruled out unambiguously the nitronic acid structure 6 and the nitromethyleimine structure 5. The N-methyl derivative 4 of 3 is (Z)-configurated in (CD3)2SO. Comparison of the olefinic proton shifts of (Z)-3 and (Z)-4 with those of analogues and also of 1,1-bis(methylti)-2-nitroethylene (12) shows decreased conjugation of the lone pair of electrons of the ring N-atom in (Z)-3 and (Z)-4. This is also supported by 13C-NMR studies. Plausible explanations for the phenomenon are offered by postulating that the ring N-atoms are pyramidal in (Z)-3 and (Z)-4 and planar in other cases or, alternatively, that the conjugated nitroenamine system gets twisted due to steric interaction between the NO2-group and the ring S-atom. Single-crystal X-ray studies of 3 and 8 show that the former exists in the (Z)-configuration and the latter in (E)-configuration; the ring N-atom in the former has slightly more pyramidal character than in the latter.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 66 (1983), S. 1537-1555 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 15N-NMR spectra of azoles, with natural isotope abundance, have been measured under different experimental conditions, and chemical shifts are reported for imidazoles, pyrazoles, oxazoles, isoxazoles, thiazoles, and isothiazoles. General trends of substituent effects in this heterocyclic series are discussed based on the data of 67 substituted azoles, dihydro- and tetrahydroazoles. 15N, 1H spin-coupling constants have been determined from spectra obtained by [1H] → 15N polarizationtransfer experiments, i.e. an application of INEPT and DEPT pulse sequences. Two-bond and three-bond coupling constants are fully assigned and are discussed in terms of the specific pathways in azoles. The potential of structural applications of the new data is illustrated for isomeric nitro-imidazoles and highly-substituted pyrazoles, and in the case of ring-chain tautomerism of 2-substituted tetrahydrooxazoles.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 114 (1981), S. 3684-3690 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Hydrazides, XIX: Addition of Bis(diethylaluminio)-substituted Amidrazones and Carbohydrazides to NitrilesAmidrazones and carbohydrazides react with two equivalents of triethylaluminium to give bis (diethylaluminio) derivatives 1 and 7, respectively. In contrast to the corresponding mono(diethylaluminio)derivatives or disodium salts, these are capable of addition to nitriles with formation of N1-(aminomethylene)amidrazones(4; 81 - 95%) or N1-acylamidrazones (8 and 9; 56 - 85%), respectively.
    Notes: Amidrazone und Carbohydrazide reagieren mit zwei Äquivalenten Triethylaluminium zu Bis(diethylaluminio)-Derivaten 1 bzw. 7, die sich anders als die entsprechenden Mono(diethylaluminio)-Derivate oder Dinatriumsalze glatt an Nitrile addieren. Man erhält N1-(Aminomethylen)amidrazone (4; 81 - 95%) bzw. N1-Acylamidrazone (8 und 9; 56 - 85%).
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 126 (1993), S. 1331-1336 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Osmium difluoride trioxide, preparation, structure ; Osmium tetrafluoride dioxide, preparation, structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The new method for preparing OsO3F2 is presented. Its crystal structure reveals a polymeric chain structure with distorted octahedral geometry for the OsO3F3 units and symmetrical, non-linear fluorine bridges. The OsO3F3 unit has a facial geometry. This structure is not in accord with predictions on the molecular structure of OsO3F2. OsO2F4, obtained from KrF2 and OsO4, crystallizes in the space group P61 forming a sixfold helical chain arrangement of nearly octahedral OsO2F4 molecules. Oxygen or fluorine atoms are partially disordered. The cis orientation of the two oxygen atoms is established by means of NMR, vibrational spectroscopy, and X-ray data.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 1601-1605 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Kationische Modellverbindungen von Polynucleotiden, und zwar Poly{1-[2-(adenin-9-yl)-äthyl]-4-pyridinioäthylenchlorid} (1), Poly{1-[2-(thymin-1-yl)äthyl]-4-pyridinioäthylenchlorid} (2) und Poly{1-[2-(theophillin-7-yl)äthyl]-4-pyridinioäthylenchlorid} (3) wurden mit Hilfe der MENSCHUTKIN-Reaktion aus Poly(4-pyridyläthylen) und 9-(2-Chloräthyl)adenin, 1-(2-Chloräthyl)thymin bzw. 7-(2-Chloräthyl)theophyllin dargestellt. Es wurden die Wechselwirkungen zwischen diesen Modellverbindungen und Polynucleotiden und zwischen den Modellverbindungen untereinander UV-spektrophotometrisch untersucht. Die scheinbare Hypochromizität betrug ca. 20% für das 1-Poly-A-Gemisch, 15% für das 1-DNA-Gemisch und 11% für das 1-3-Gemisch, für das 1-2- und für das 2-3-Gemisch betrugen die Werte nur 8 bzw. 6%. Dies zeigt, daß der Bildung von Wassertstoffbrückenbindungen zwischen komplimentären Basen nicht die hauptsächliche Bedeutung zukommt, sondern daß hydrophobe Wechselwirkungen die bedeutendste Rolle spielen. Diese Folgerung wurde auch durch UV-Messungen an Gemischen von 1-2 oder 1-3 unterstützt; die Extinktion nahm mit zunehmender Temperatur ab.
    Notes: Cationic model compounds of polynucleotide, i.e., poly{1-[2-(adenin-9-yl)ethyl]-4-pyridinioethylene chloride} (1), poly{1-[2-(thymin-1-yl)ethyl]-4-pyridinioethylene chloride} (2), and poly{1-[2-(theophillin-7-yl)ethyl]-4-pyridinioethylene chloride} (3), were synthesized by the MENSCHUTKIN reaction of poly(4-pyridylethylene) with 9-(2-chloroethyl)adenine, 1-(2-chloroethyl)thymine and 7-(2-chloroethyl)theophylline.The interactions between the model compounds and polynucleotides and between the model compounds themselves were studied by spectroscopy. The apparent hypochromicity was about 20% for the mixture of 1-Poly A, 15% for that of 1-DNA and 11% for the 1-3 mixture. The systems 1-2 and 2-3 showed rather small hypochromicities, being 8 and 6%, respectively. The hydrogen bond formation between complimentary bases is not a main factor in the intermolecular interactions in the present cases, but the hydrophobic interactions are suggested to be overwhelming. The UV absorbance of 1-2 or 2-3 mixtures decreased with increasing temperature, confirming the important rǒle of the hydrophobic interactions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 2567-2668 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 971-983 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: When well oriented and crystallized high density polyethylene film was redrawn, slip deformation and twin deformation, the mode of which depends upon the redrawing angle to the original drawn structure, could be observed. When the redrawing angle is very small, single slips, the direction of which is [001] to the original drawn structure, and homogeneous deformation bands attached to them are usually observed. The [001] directions of slipped and unslipped regions are slightly at an angle to each other. As the redrawing angle approaches a right angle, kink bands can be observed. From these results we may conclude that the structure of this drawn polyethylene film is very similar to that of a single crystal or metal.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 521-527 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The molecular structure and photoreaction of poly(methylpropylsilane) (PMPrS) are investigated. The 29Si-NMR spectra reveal that PMPrS is a linear polymer with no blanches. Fine multiple splitting of 29Si-NMR is observed at room temperature. This multiple splitting is thought to be due to molecular conformation. The photo-oxidation reaction of the PMPrS film is found to be caused by light irradiation at the UV absorption band, 330 nm. Quantum efficiencies of scission and crosslink related to photodegradation are evaluated. There is little difference in either the molecular structure or photoreactivities between the high and the low molecular weight portions of the bimodal molecular weight distributions of PMPrS.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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