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  • 1
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Measurements of protein and amino acid metabolism in man using stable isotopes and selected ion monitoring gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques are limited by the requirement of relatively high levels of labelling for adequate precision ( 〉 0.05 at % excess). We describe here a means of extending the scope of such studies by measurement of lower levels of enrichment achieved in gaseous CO2 derived from whole blood or protein-bound amino acids following the administration of tracer amounts of appropriately labelled substrates. Construction and operation of a novel glass vacuum line required for this work are described in detail and specific applications relevant to clinical investigations are outlined. Measurements of both the total amount of CO2 and its 13C enrichment are performed in an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer which provides acceptable levels of accuracy and reproducibility for both measurements ( ±0.1% and ±0.0001 at% excess respectively).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Biochemistry 2 (1971), S. 253-261 
    ISSN: 0020-711X
    Keywords: Buccinum undatum ; Busycon canaliculatum ; Myoglobins ; dimers ; oxygen affinity of myoglobin
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Biochemistry 1 (1970), S. 281-291 
    ISSN: 0020-711X
    Keywords: Amphineuran mollusc ; Cryptochiton stellen ; Katharina tunicata ; Mopalia muscosa ; Myoglobins ; chit ; protein evolution ; radular muscle myoglobins
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 64 (1909), S. 287-297 
    ISSN: 0863-1778
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 104-117 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Computational fluid dynamics methods are used to provide three-dimensional simulations of a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) autoclave reactor under normal operating conditions. For the conditions used, the reactor is not very well mixed; thus, the common model approximation of a perfectly stirred reactor is not warranted. The simulations verify the sensitive nature of the polymerization reactors and indicate a need for optimizing operating parameters.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 2911-2925 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To study runaway behavior in autoclave low-density polyethylene (LDPE) reactors, a kinetic model for a perfectly stirred tank reactor is presented. The kinetic model not only includes the standard initiation, propagation, and termination reactions for polymerization, but it also has free radical reactions that describe the decomposition of ethylene ultimately leading to a runaway. Dynamic simulation of the model indicates runaway behavior for the following conditions: excess initiator in feed; feed impurity; feed temperature disturbance; controller failure; and poorly tuned controller. Operating strategies such as mixed initiator feeds and grade transitions are also explored from a dynamic view. Stability analysis indicates safe operating limits for certain variables at typical conditions. The model provides useful insights for preventing runaway reactions in LDPE autoclaves.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 8 (1962), S. 346-350 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Diffusivities in slurries and in non-Newtonian solutions are predicted by means of an extension of the general Eyring rate theory. The fluid is considered as consisting of a number of discrete regions, each with its own contribution to the overall diffusion process. This model overcomes the unrealistic effects of fluid viscosity predicted by the conventional (empirical) equations. Whereas diffusivities predicted by means of prior art correlations were as much as 230 times lower than the experimental values in the systems, the maximum error in diffusivities predicted with the equations developed in this work was about 40%.Experimental data are provided on two kinds of fluids: slurries and a polymer solution. Both were highly non-Newtonian (flow behavior indexes as low at 0.15). Benzoic acid and β napthol were employed as the diffusing solutes. The principal limitation of the experimental data is that only aqueous systems were investigated.Much further experimental work will be required to provide a truly adequate test of the theory and to evaluate the several unknown parameters in sufficient detail to enable highly accurate predictions. Additionally the model used suggests a possible mechanism for increasing diffusion rates in these systems which is worthy of exploration. It may also be applied to an analysis and prediction of diffusion rates in viscous Newtonian fluids, for which no adequate method is presently available.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 326-335 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Based on new experimental data presented for the boiling point elevation of natural sea water solutions, smoothed tabular values are presented for boiling point elevation (BPE), osmotic coefficient, water activity, osmotic pressure, and minimum separation energy to 200°C and 12% sea salt.The concentration of sodium chloride solutions having the same water activities as sea salt solutions is also presented.Rigorous thermodynamics and the equations for strong electrolytes by Bromley (1973) were used for the correlation together with previously obtained heat capacity and enthalpy data and equations. A simplified equation is presented for boiling point elevation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 19 (1973), S. 119-123 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A pure gold tube was found to give filmwise condensation in the absense of organic contamination in a flow sitution simulating that found in seawater conversion plants. A sensitive test for the presence of organic contamination has been developed. The gold tube, promoted by paraffinic thio-silane or mercaptan, gave 100% excellent dropwise condensation. Overall heat transfer coefficients are reported for filmwise and dropwise condensation. The steamside heat transfer coefficient with dropwise condensation was estimated to be over 0.2 MW/m2-°C (35,000 B.t.u./hr-ft2-°F) at the 95% confidence level.Gold plated tubesSupplied by P. Tomalin and S. Mulford of the Office of Saline Water, USDI. gave 95% filmwise condensation after one week of operation in a clean, once-through system.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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