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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrocyclic peptides, 4.Part 3: cf.1. Preparations and enantioface-differentiating abilities of 27- and 36-membered ring peptides containing N,N′-ethylene-bridged dipeptides and glycine (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 1261-1268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 27- and 36-membered ring peptides were prepared using glycine, (2S, 3′ S)-4-methyl-2-(2′-oxo-3′-isobutyl-1′-piperazinyl) pentanoic acid (2) and (2S,3′ S)-3-phenyl-2-(2′-oxo-3′-benzyl-1′-piperazinyl)propanoic acid as the units of peptides. The interactions of 1-phenylethylammonium (1) and p-methoxy-1-phenylethylammonium bromides (11) with these cyclic peptides were studied by 1H and 13C NMR measurements in CDCl3. It was found from these results that the peptides distinguish the enantiomers (R- and S-isomers) of the substrates. Furthermore, it was shown that the enantioface-differentiating abilities of 36-membered ring peptides are superior to those of 27-membered rings.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910605
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring the quality of mix of polymer melts with particulate fillers using fluorescence spectroscopy (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 1759-1765 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fluorescence spectroscopy has been employed to monitor the mixing of polymer melts with filler material. The polymer melts were low molecular weight polybutadiene and PBAN, a terpolymer consisting of 85% butadiene, 11% acrylonitrile, 4% acrylic acid, and the filler material was aluminum oxide. To carry out the fluorescence observations, a dopant chromophore was mixed into the polymer melt at very low concentrations, 10-4 to 10-6 molar or 11 to 0.11 ppm by weight. The mixing experiments were carried out using a small laboratory mixer which had glass walls for viewing the fluorescence spectra from the dopant chromophore. Fluctuations in fluorescence intensity were observed to decrease as a function of mixing time indicating that the spatial distribution of the fluorescent chromophores was becoming more uniform. Concerning the mixing of polymer melt and filler, we hypothesize that uniform mixing of ingredients is achieved when fluorescence intensity as a function of time is constant. In order to obtain quantitative support for this hypothesis, we used a fluorescence microscope to measure fluorescence intensity and optical transmittance from microscopic regions of well-mixed and poorly mixed specimens.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760292405
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Rhodankobaltverbindungen  -  ein Beitrag zur Ursache des Farbenwechsels der Kobaltsalze (1912)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 73 (1912), S. 309-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1778
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19120730119
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Reduktionsgleichgewicht zwischen Metalloxyd und Wasserstoff. I. Mitteilung. Die Messung von CoO + H2 ⇄ Co + H2O nach neuem Meßverfahren (1933)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 212 (1933), S. 305-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1786
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: I. Nach der von den Verfassern erfundenen neuen Messungsmethode wurden die Reduktionsgleichgewichte \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm CoO} + {\rm H}_2 \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over{\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} {\rm Co} + {\rm H}_2 {\rm O,} $$\end{document} bei 921°, 821°, 721°, 622°, 522° und 422° untersucht.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19332120309
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of poly(succinimide-co-6-aminocaproic acid) by acid-catalyzed polycondensation of L-aspartic acid and 6-aminocaproic acid (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: acid-catalyzed polycondensation ; L-aspartic acid ; 6-aminocaproic acid ; o-phosphoric acid ; poly(succinimide-co-6-aminocaproic acid) ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polycondensation of L-aspartic acid (ASP) with 6-aminocaproic acid (ACA) using o-phosphoric acid produced poly(succinimide-co-6-aminocaproic acid). The yield of the MeOH-insoluble copolymer decreased from 99 to 52% and that of the MeOH-soluble one increased from 9 to 47%, with increasing molar ratio of ACA in the monomer feed. The compositions of the succinimide (SCI) unit in the MeOH-insoluble and -soluble copolymers tended to be higher than those of ASP in the monomer feed. The copolymers with the 35 mol % SCI units or above were soluble in DMSO, DMF, and conc-H2SO4, but those with the 20 and 21 mol % SCI units were soluble only in conc-H2SO4. The melting temperature appeared for the copolymers with less than 76 mol % SCI units. Poly(succinimide-co-6-aminocaproic acid) was easily hydrolyzed to yield poly(aspartic acid-co-6-aminocaproic acid), and it exhibited biodegradability toward activated sludge. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Band broadening evaluation by back-and-forth capillary electrophoresis (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 14 (1991), S. 52-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Band broadening in capillary electrophoresis ; On-column twin detectors ; Back-and-forth electrophoresis ; Reversible and irreversible band broadening ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The purpose of this study is to develop a method for precise evaluation of band broadening in capillary electrophoresis. A capillary electrophoresis system with on-column twin detectors is constructed. Back-and-forth electrophoresis permits zones to make a round trip between the twin detectors placed at distant positions on the capillary. The system is capable of eliminating extra-column effects and discriminating between reversible and irreversible band-broadening mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240140112
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of nondestructive technique for measuring carburization thickness and of A new carburization-resistant alloyLecture, held at ACHEMA '85, Frankfurt/M, June 9-15, 1985. (1986)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 37 (1986), S. 410-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Entwicklung einer zerstörungsfreien Meßtechnik für die Aufkohlungsdicke und einer neuen, gegen Aufkohlung beständigen LegierungDie zerstörungsfreie Messung der Aufkohlung von Crack-Öfen und die Auswahl von aufkohlungsbeständigen Legierungen sind von großer Bedeutung für die Konstruktion und Instandhaltung von Anlagen, wie z.B. Ethylen-Crack-Öfen. In dieser Arbeit wird zum ersten Mal eine neuentwickelte Technik zur Messung der Aufkohlung beschrieben und über eine neue aufkohlungsbeständige Legierung berichtet, die sich auch im Hinblick auf die Verzögerung der Kohleablagerung aus Kohlenwasserstoffen als vorteilhaft erwiesen hat. Die Verfasser haben die Einflüsse des Reaktormetalls auf die Kohleablagerung unter simulierten Ethylen-Crack-Bedingungen untersucht, wobei das Ziel in der Verhinderung der Aufkohlung bestand. Sie sind zu dem Schluß gekommen, daß die abgelagerte Koksmenge mit dem Nickelgehalt in den Legierungen stetig ansteigen. Aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse wurde ein neuer Röhrenreaktor für Crackverfahren (CORET-Rohr) entwikkelt, bei dem Rohre aus HP innen mit Fe25Cr9Mn3Ni plattiert sind; das ganze wird durch Schleuderguß hergestellt. Diese Röhren wurden in technischen Ethylen-Crack-Öfen auf ihre Aufkohlungsbeständigkeit und mechanische Festigkeit sowie das Betriebsverhalten untersucht. Bei diesem mehr als drei Jahre dauernden Betriebsversuch wurden die folgenden Ergebnisse erhalten: 1. Das CORET-Rohr ist für den technischen Einsatz aufgrund seiner Aufkohlungsbeständigkeit und seinen mechanischen Eigenschaften geeignet. 2. Die vorläufigen Betriebsergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß die Koksablagerung in diesen Röhren im Vergleich zu Röhren aus HP etwas verzögert ist. 3. Beim Betrieb unter strengen Bedingungen ist aufgrund der Betriebsergebnisse auch eine gewisse Erhöhung der Olefinausbeute zu erwarten.
    Notes: Nondestructive measurement of carburization of cracking tube and selecting carburization-resistant alloys have been of much importance in design and maintenance of such equipment as ethylene cracking heater.In this paper, the authors firstly describe the newly developed manner of measuring carburization and then report a new carburization resistant alloy which is also proved to retard coke deposition from hydrocarbon stream on tube surface.The authors studied the effects of tube metallurgy on coke deposition under the conditions simulated to ethylene cracking tube with the aim of preventing carburization and concluded that the coke deposition amount increases consistantly with increase of nickel content of alloys. Based on the above results, the authors developed a new cracking tube designated as CORET tube which has inner layer of Fe-25Cr-9Mn-3Ni alloy clad to HP tubes by centrifugal double layer casting. Those tubes were installed in commercial ethylene cracking heaters and tested for their carburization resistance, mechanical stability and process performances. The results of the field test lasting for more than three years are as follows: 1. The CORET tube proved to be carburization resistant and mechanically reliable enough for actual use. 2. Preliminary process performance data suggest some degree of coking retardation in the CORET tubes when compared with HP tubes; both operating at approximately the same conditions. 3. These data also indicate some degree of enhancement in the olefins yield, when operating at or near high severity conditions.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19860370707
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactive polymers, 5Part 4, cf.9. Synthesis of a 2,3-epoxypropyl ethyl maleate/fumarate mixture and its copolymerization with styrene and ethylene (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 172 (1973), S. 97-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Aus Äthyl-kaliummaleat und 1-Chlor-2,3-epoxypropan wurde ein Gemisch aus Äthyl-2,3-epoxypropylmaleat und -fumarat (4) erhalten.4 wurde mit Styrol copolymerisiert, und für die Monomeren wurden die folgenden Parameter gefunden: r1 = 0,30 und r2 = 0,05 (M1 = Styrol, M2 = Ester 4). Für Q und e wurden die Werte 0,55 bzw. 1,28 bestimmt. Copolymerisationen von 4 mit Äthylen wurden durchgeführt, um die chemische Reaktivität von Polyäthylen zu verbessern. Diese wurde in einer homogenen Reaktion mit Dibutylamin untersucht. Die beobachteten kinetischen Daten lassen sich in zwei Konstanten ausdrücken: k0 (die nicht katalytische Geschwindigkeitskonstante) = 1,75 · 10-5 dm3 mol-1 s-1 und kc (die produktinduzierte katalytische Geschwindigkeitskonstante) = 2,25 · 10-2 dm6 mol-2 s-1 in DMF bei 70°C.
    Notes: A mixture of 2,3-epoxypropyl ethyl maleate and fumarate (4) was obtained from ethyl potassium maleate and 1-chloro-2,3-epoxy propane.Copolymerization of 4 with styrene was carried out and the monomer reactivity ratios were found to be r1 = 0,30 and r2 = 0,05 (M1: styrene, M2: ester 4). Q and e values were found to be 0,55 and 1,28, respectively. Copolymerizations of 4 with ethylene were performed to improve the chemical reactivity of polyethylene, and the reactivity was studied by means of a homogeneous reaction with dibutylamine. The observed kinetic data may be divided into two parts: ko (non-catalytic rate constant) = 1,75 · 10-5 dm3 mol-1 s-1, kc (product-induced catalytic rate constant) = 2,25 · 102 dm6 mol-2 s-1 in DMF at 70°C.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1973.021720108
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paeoniflorin, ein Monoterpenglucosid aus der chinesischen Paeonia-Wurzel (1964)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 76 (1964), S. 788-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19640761819
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, properties and crystallization behavior of poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(phenolphthalein ether sulfone) block copolymers (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 238 (1996), S. 191-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly(etheretherketon) (PEEK)/Poly(phenolphthaleinethersulfon) (PPES)-Blockcopolymere mit PPES-Anteilen zwischen 12 und 44% wurden durch Kondensation von fluorterminierten PEEK-Oligomeren und hydroxyterminierten PPES-Oligomeren hergestellt. Die Abhängigkeit der Copolymereigenschaften von der Zusammensetzung wurde untersucht. Die Copolymeren erwiesen sich als homogen, die Komponenten zeigten gute Verträglichkeit ohne Mikrophasenseparation. Die Copolymeren kristallisierten wie PEEK mit rhombischer Struktur. Der Kristallisationsgrad der Copolymeren was gering und nahm mit steigendem PPES-Gehalt rasch ab. Im Ver-gleich zur Kristallstruktur von PEEK wurden für die Längen der a- und b-Achsen des Copolymer-Kristallgitters - und somit auch für das Zellvolumen - größere Werte gefunden. Die Analyse der isothermen Kristallisationskinetik der Copolymeren ergab für den Avrami-Exponenten einen Wert von 2,0. Mit steigendem PPES-Gehalt der Copolymeren erhöhten sich die Glasübergangstemperaturen stark, die thermische Stabilität nahm jedoch ab. Die PEEK/PPES-Blockcopolymeren ziegten gute mechanische Eigenschaften wie hohe Zugfestigkeiten und Elastizitätsmoduli.
    Notes: Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)/poly(phenolphthalein ether sulfone) (PPES) block copolymers were synthesized by a condensation reaction of fluorine-terminated PEEK oligomers and hydroxy-terminated PPES oligomers. The content of PPES in the copolymers was varied from 12 to 44 wt.-%, and the effect of the compositional variation on the properties was investigated. Microphase separation was not observed and the copolymers formed a homogeneous system having good compatibility. The crystal structure of the copolymers is rhombic, equal to PEEK. The degree of crystallinity of the copolymers was low and decreased rapidly with the increase of PPES content. Concerning the cell parameters of the crystalline unit, a- and b-axes are apparently longer and V is, thus, also larger compared with PEEK. Analyses of the isothermal crystallization kinetics of the copolymers provided an Avrami exponent (n) of 2.0. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymers greatly rose but the thermal stability became much poorer with the increase of PPES content. PEEK/PPES block copolymers possess good mechanical properties such as high strength and modulus.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1996.052380116
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