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    GFAJ-1 is an arsenate-resistant, phosphate-dependent organism (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-10
    Description: The bacterial isolate GFAJ-1 has been proposed to substitute arsenic for phosphorus to sustain growth. We have shown that GFAJ-1 is able to grow at low phosphate concentrations (1.7 muM), even in the presence of high concentrations of arsenate (40 mM), but lacks the ability to grow in phosphorus-depleted (〈0.3 muM), arsenate-containing medium. High-resolution mass spectrometry analyses revealed that phosphorylated central metabolites and phosphorylated nucleic acids predominated. A few arsenylated compounds, including C6 sugar arsenates, were detected in extracts of GFAJ-1, when GFAJ-1 was incubated with arsenate, but further experiments showed they formed abiotically. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of phosphorus in nucleic acid extracts, while arsenic could not be detected and was below 1 per mil relative to phosphorus. Taken together, we conclude that GFAJ-1 is an arsenate-resistant, but still a phosphate-dependent, bacterium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erb, Tobias J -- Kiefer, Patrick -- Hattendorf, Bodo -- Gunther, Detlef -- Vorholt, Julia A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jul 27;337(6093):467-70. doi: 10.1126/science.1218455. Epub 2012 Jul 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Microbiology, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. toerb@ethz.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22773139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arsenates/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Arsenic/*analysis ; Culture Media/chemistry ; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Glycolysis ; Halomonadaceae/drug effects/*growth & development/*metabolism ; Hexosephosphates/metabolism ; Hexoses/metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Metabolome ; Nucleotides/metabolism ; Phosphates/analysis/*metabolism ; Phosphorus/analysis ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Bacterial/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz in der Lebensmittelindustrie (1973)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 24 (1973), S. 513-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion and corrosion protection in the food industriesThe corrosion of equipment and packaging materials being contacted with food products can result in undesirable alterations of aspect and flavour and in serious cases may give rise to intoxication. Corrosion protection must therefore consider the material to be processed as well as the material of construction. Machinery for processing food products are mostly made of stainless steel which should have a certain molybdenum content to possess sufficient pitting resistance in salt solutions. Aluminium can be used in many instances, provided the particular medium contains neither halides nor bases. Plastic coatings are used increasingly in recent time. In such cases, however, one has to consider, in addition to the corrosion resistance of the materials, the danger of migration of certain ingredients such as plastifier or stabilizers. On the product side one may rely on the inhibiting efficiency of certain constituents, e. g. gelatine.
    Notes: Die Korrosion der Anlagen und Verpackungen, die mit Lebensmitteln in Berührung kommen, kann zu unerwünschten Veränderungen des Aussehens und des Geschmacks und in ernsten Fällen sogar zu Vergiftungen führen. Beim Korrosionsschutz muß man daher sowohl vom Material als auch won den Lebensmitteln her ausgehen. Die Maschinen, die mit Lebensmitteln in Berührung kommen, werden meist aus nichtrostendem Stahl gefertigt, vorzugsweise mit einem gewissen Molybdängehalt, um ausreichende Beständigkeit gegen Lochfraß in Salzlösungen zu gewährleisten. Aluminium kann in zahlreichen Fällen verwendet werden, sofern das jeweilige Medium weder Halogenide noch Basen enthält. In neuerer Zeit verwendet man zunehmend Kunststoffüberzüge. Dabei ist jedoch nicht nur die Korrosionsbeständigkeit dieser Materialien zu berücksichtigen, sondern ebenso die Gefahr der Migration von Bestandteilen (z. B. Weichmacher, Stabilisatoren) aus dem Kunststoff. Produktseitig kann man berücksichtigen, daß manche Bestandteile (z. B. Gelatine) inhibierend wirken.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19730240608
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