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  • Chemistry  (28)
  • Physics  (5)
  • Membrane potential  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liposomes having high sensitivity to odorants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 1062 (1991), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Keywords: Liposome ; Membrane fluidity ; Membrane potential ; Odorant
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(91)90327-5
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanically induced electrical responses in murine mammary epithelial cells in primary culture
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 223 (1987), S. 82-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: (Mammary cell) ; Hyperpolarization ; K^+ channel ; Membrane potential
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(87)80514-8
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of the Ca^2^+-dependent K^+ channel activity in the hyperpolarizing response induced by epidermal growth factor in mammary epithelial cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 203 (1986), S. 181-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: (Mammary epithelial cell) ; Ca^2^+ activation ; Epidermal growth factor ; Hyperpolarization ; K^+ channel ; Membrane potential
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(86)80738-4
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge-transfer complexes of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) with organic electron acceptorsDedicated to Professor Dr. ICHIRO SAKURADA on his 70th birthday (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 57-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly(N-vinylcarbazol) und das entsprechende Monomer, N-Äthylcarbazol, reagieren als Donatoren bei Charge-Transfer-Komplex-Bildungen mit Elektronen-Akzeptoren wie 2,3,5,6-Tetracyano-1,4-dimethylen-2,5-cyclohexadien-1,4-diyliden, Tetracyanoäthylen und 2,4,5,7-Tetranitro-9-fluorenon. Die Bildungskonstanten der Charge-Transfer-Komplexe von N-Äthylcarbazol mit Elektronendonatoren besitzen höhere Werte als die des Poly(N-vinylcarbazols) mit denselben Elektronenakzeptoren. Um den Polymereffekt auf diese Bildungskonstanten aufzuklären, wurden Poly(N-vinylcarbazole), die nach zwei Polymerisationstypen dargestellt wurden, mit Hilfe der Gelpermeationschromatographie fraktioniert und die fraktionierten Polymere für die Messungen der Bildungskonstanten von Charge-Transfer-Komplexen mit verschiedenen Arten von Elektronenakzeptoren verwendet. Die Beziehung zwischen Charge-Transfer-Komplexbildung und Molekulargewicht des Polymers wird anhand der Bildungskonstante und der thermodynamischen Parameter diskutiert.
    Notes: Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and its monomeric analog, i.e., N-ethylcarbazole, act as donors in charge-transfer complex formations with such electron acceptors as 2,3,5,6-tetracyano-1,4-dimethylene-2,5-cyclohexadien-1,4-diylidene, tetracyanoethylene and 2,4,5,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenone. The formation constants of the charge-transfer complex of N-ethylcarbazole with the electron acceptors are higher than those of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) with the same electron acceptors. In order to clarify the polymer effect on these formation constants, poly(N-vinyl carbazole)s, prepared by two types of polymerizations, are fractionated using a gel permeation chromatography technique, and the fractionated polymers are used for the measurements of the formation constants of the charge-transfer complexes with various sorts of electron acceptors. The relation between charge-transfer complex formation and molecular weight of the polymer is discussed in terms of the formation constant and the thermodynamic parameters.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1974.021750108
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses and circular dichroism of poly{γ-[2-(9-carbazolyl)ethyl] L-glutamate} and poly{β-[2-(9-carbazolyl)ethyl] L-aspartate} (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 3077-3081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1976.021771023
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypochromism of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) in solution (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 2833-2838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Absorptionsspektren von gelchromatographisch erhaltenen Fraktionen von Poly(N-vinylcarbazol) (PNVC) wurden gemessen. Die Intensität der UV-Absorptionsbanden der Carbazolylgruppe nimmt mit zunehmendem Molekulargewicht im Molekulargewichtsbereich 1200 bis 104 ab und ist bei Molekulargewichten über 104 konstant. Die Abnahme der Absorptionsintensität wird als Hypochromie aufgefaßt, und diese Hypochromie wird im Hinblick auf die lokale Struktur von PNVC in Lösung diskutiert.
    Notes: Absorption spectra were measured for poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PNVC), fractionated by means of the gel-permeation chromatographic technique. The intensities of the UV absorption bands of the carbazolyl group diminished with increasing molecular weight of the polymer from 1200 to ca. 104, and were constant when the molecular weight was higher than 104. The diminution of the absorption intensities was regarded as a hypochromism, and the hypochromism was discussed with respect to the local structure of PNVC in solution.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1975.021761005
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The molecular weight dependence on the photoconductivity of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 3025-3034 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly(N-vinylcarbazol), (PNVC), wurde hergestellt, durch Gelchromatographie fraktiomert und mit Hilfe der Viskosimetrie und Dampfdruckosmometrie charakterisiert. An den PNVC-Fraktionen, die relativ schmale Molekulargewichtsverteilungen hatten, wurde dann sowohl die Dunkel- als auch die Photoleitfähigkeit gemessen. Dazu wurde eine Oberflächen-Zelle im Hochvakuum (ca. 10-7 mm Hg) bei Raumtemperatur verwendet. Eszeigte sich, daß die Photoleitfähigkeit für die PNVC-Fraktionen im Molekulargewichtsbereich von 1,2·103 bis 2,4·105 (Gewichtsmittelwerte) abhängig vom Molekulargewicht war. Diese Beobachtung steht im Gegensatz zu Eppings Ergebnissen, der bei PNVC-Proben im Molekulargewichtsbereich von 3·105 bis 7·106 eine molekulargewichtsunabhängige Photoleitfähigkeit gefunden hatte. Die von uns beobachtete Molekulargewichtsabhängigkeit kann dadurch erklärt werden, daß die Überlappung von nebeneinanderliegenden Carbazolyl-Gruppen an den Enden der Polymerketten unterbrochen wird. Dieser Effekt + natürlich um so ausgeprägter, je kleiner das Molekulargewicht ist.
    Notes: Poly(N-vinylcarbazole), (PNVC), was prepared, fractionated by gel permeation chromatography, and then characterized by viscometry and vapour pressure osmometry. The fractionated PNVC species with relatively narrow molecular weight distributions were successfully used to measure both their electrical dark-conductivity and photoconductivity using a surface type cell in high vacuum (ca. 10-7 mm Hg) at room temperature. A molecular weight dependent photoconductivity was found for the fractionated PNVCs with weight average molecular weights in the range of 1,2·103 to 2,4·105. This observation is in contradiction to Epping's results who has found a molecular weight independent photoconductivity in the molecular weight range of 3·105 to 7·106. Our molecular weight dependence may be well understood in terms of the interrupted overlap of the π-electrons of adjacent carbazolyl groups at the terminal parts of the polymer chains, this effect being all the more stronger the smaller the molecular weight is.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1975.021761019
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High performance separations of nucleic acids using capillary electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 14 (1991), S. 204-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Oligonucleotides ; Nucleic acids ; Comparison of HPCE and HPLC ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High resolution separations of nucleic acids have been performed using high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Electropherograms showing HPCE separations of single and double stranded DNA are presented and compared with HPLC separations. Single base resolution of poly(dA) oligonucleotides in the size range of 12 to 60-mers was achieved in 35 min using HPCE. Plate numbers for HPCE are in the hundreds of thousands and reproducibility is about 1-2 % (RSD). In comparison with HPLC separations, the resolution of nucleic acids obtained using HPCE is much better than that using HPLC, while reproducibility of HPCE is comparable with that of HPLC.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240140314
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical polyaddition of bis(α-trifluoromethyl-β-difluorovinyl) terephthalate with 1,4-dioxane (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 19 (1998), S. 485-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: To develop a radical polyaddition reaction of 2-benzoyloxypentafluoropropene [CF2=C(CF3)-OCOC6H5] (BPFP) with tetrahydrofuran (THF), the reactions of bis(α-trifluoromethyl-β-difluorovinyl) terephthalate [CF2=C(CF3)OCOC6H4COOC(CF3)=CF2] (BFP) with THF and of BPFP with 1,4-dioxane were investigated as model reactions to form 1 : 1 and 1:2 addition products of BFP with THF. This evidenced that THF is monofunctional, and dioxane is bifunctional since the 1:1 and 2:1 addition products of BPFP with dioxane were formed. The polyaddition reaction of BFP with dioxane turned out to produce a white powdery substance which was found to possess a mole ratio of BFP units to dioxane units in the polymers of 1:1. The highest molecular weight obtained was Mn = 9.9 × 103.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic modulus and atomic displacements of skeleton and side groups in stretching of a polymer chain (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 31 (1993), S. 77-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Elastic modulus ; atomic displacement by stretching ; stretched Cartesian coordinate ; stretched B matrix ; polyethylene ; isotactic polypropylene ; polyvinylhalides ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: We propose a new method of calculating elastic modulus and atomic displacements of a stretched polymer chain. We use a stretched Cartesian coordinate system and a stretched B matrix defined by the Cartesian displacement components of the bonds to express the potential energy matrix Fx for stretching. The method is used to calculate elastic moduli of planar-zigzag-chain vinyl polymers and helical-chain isotactic polypropylene and the atomic displacements of their skeleton and side groups. The skeletal displacements of planar-zigzag-chain polymers are about ten times larger than those of the side groups and reverse displacements of the two adjacent skeletal units occur in the direction perpendicular to the stretching direction along the fiber axis. In the case of isotactic polypropylene, the methyl group has more effect than the torsional change around the C—C bond on the skeletal deformation. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1993.090310110
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