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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 23 (1992), S. 299-304 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Untersuchungen an Flachzugproben und Behältern aus Vergütungs- und Feinkornbaustählen mit etwa halbelliptischen Oberflächenrissen haben gezeigt. Daß die Versagensspannung nach Verfahren des plastischen Versagens konservativ ermittelt wird. Während sie nach dem Ansatz von Harrison und dem Fließkriterium von Mises - unabhängig von der Rißtiefe - im Mintel um etwa 10% unterschätzt wird, bewerten die anderen untersuchten Verfahren (Mattheck, Chell) deutlich konservativer. Der Grad der Unterschätzung wächst von etwa 30 bzw. 40% bei mittleren Rißtiefen bis zu 70% bei tiefen Rissen. Für einseitigen Wasserstoffangriff auf der Rißausgangsseite ergaben sich i.a. die gleichen konservativen Bewertungen wie bei Luftumgebung.Die Untersuchung hat weiterhin gezeigt, Daß die Versagensspannung von Fluchzugproben unter Luft- und Wasserstoff-Atmosphäre mit etwa konstanter Rißtiefe mit guter Genauigkeit berechnet werden kann, wenn im Restquerschnitt der Mittelwert zwischen Streckgrenze und Zugfestigkeit als Fließspannung angesetzt wird.Es ist für ähnliche Bauteile zu erwarten, daß die erarbeiteten Ergebnisse auf Werkstoffe mit vergleichbaren Rißzähigkeits- und Festigkeitseigenschaften übertragbar sind.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 424-427 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Column switching ; Step gradient ; Immunosuppressive agent ; Determination in blood and plasma ; Deproteinization ; On-line sample clean-up ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the determination of cyclosporin A in human whole blood and plasma is described which uses liquid chromatography with step gradient elution and a column switching technique. The chromatographic conditions chosen allow simple and rapid sample preparation, so that a result can be obtained within one hour. Blood and plasma are deproteinized with diluted methanol and an aliquot of the clear supernatant is directly injected. The detection limit for cyclosporin A is about 20 ng/ml starting from a 0.5 ml sample. The method is sensitive enough for monitoring the drug in the therapeutic range.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: hybridoma ; subclone ; continuous culture ; batch culture ; igG-mRNA ; biosynthetic activities ; antibody production ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: During long-term continuous culture of the hybridoma cell line 11317, a better-producing subclone (I1317-SF11), giving improved productivity, has been selected. The comparison of the original cell line (I1317-DC) with this subclone revealed that although the growth patterns of both clones were similar, both in continuous and in batch cultures, considerable differences could be seen between the clones with respect to monoclonal antibody (MAB) accumulation, MAB production rate, the levels of mRNA coding for heavy and light chains of IgG, and some metabolic activities. In continuous culture as well as in batch culture, I1317-SF11 showed increased levels of mRNA coding for kappa and gamma chains compared with I1317-DC and/or a modified ratio of the mRNA species when compared to that in I1317-DC. Using pulse experiments, it could be established that the biosynthesis of both chains was augmented in I1317-SF11. Although the kappa and gamma mRNA levels were modified or inversed for I1317-SF11, the cells always synthesized more kappa than gamma chains. The overall increase in the synthetic activity of I1317-SF11 is suggested as one reason for the considerable increase of IgG productivity and product accumulation in continuous culture as well as in repeated batch cultures. Tests concerning metabolic activity revealed that I1317-SF11 had a predominantly glycolytic metabolism independent of growth requirements, whereas for I1317-DC the metabolism became increasingly glycolytic with increased growth. The antibody yield coefficient of I1317-SF11 on glutamine was significantly higher than that of I1317-DC for the continuous culture, whereas the antibody coefficients on glucose were almost similar for both clones under the different culture conditions used. Both antibody coefficients were considerablly influenced by the specific growth rate.All these facts together lead to the conclusion that subclone I1317-SF11 uses more of the energy available, or it was the energy and/or precursors available for the synthesis and production of MAB more efficiently than the thesis and production of MAB more efficiently than the original cell line. Although the levels of mRNA coding for heavy and light chains of IgG were modified, it could be confirmed that the overall regulation of MAB-synthesis and -production occurs post-translationally and that at higher growth rates, more biosynthetic activity is diverted to biomass production. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 272 (1953), S. 303-312 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden die RAMAN-Spektren von Trimethyl-, Tri-dimethylamino-, Trimethoxy-, Trichlor-boroxol und von B-Trimethylborazol mitgeteilt. Die Diskussion der spektralen Daten erbringt in Anlehnung an die gut untersuchten Spektren von 1,3,5-trisubstituierten Benzolen den sicheren Nachweis für einen ebenen Sechsring B3O3 in allen Boroxolverbindungen. Dieser liegt nach dem RAMAN-Spektrum auch im Dibortrioxyd vor.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 408 (1974), S. 205-208 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: About Ag6(SO4)(SiO4)Hitherto unknown Ag6(SO4)(SiO4) has been prepared at 400-500°C under an oxygen pressure more than 1000 atm. By single crystal X-ray work the structure of tetragonal Ag6(SO4)(SiO4) has been elucidated: a = 7.060, c = 17.660 Å; D4h19-141/amd; Z = 4. The crystal structure shows a new type in which the tetrahedrally sulfat- and silicat groups are definite distinguishable. As well the both crystallographic silver positions show a different crystal-chemical character.
    Notes: Neu dargestellt wurde Ag6(SO4)(SiO4) bei 400-500°C unter einem Sauerstoffdruck größer als 1000 atm. Nach röntgenographischen Untersuchungen der rubinroten Einkristalle kristallisiert die Verbindung tetragonal: a = 7,060, c = 17,660 Å; D4h19-141/amd; Z = 4. Die Kristallstruktur von Ag6(SO4)(SiO4) stellt einen neuen Strukturtyp dar, worin die tetraedrischen Sulfat- und Silicatgruppen deutlich unterscheidbar sind. Ebenso weisen die beiden kristallographischen Silberpositionen verschiedenartige kristallchemische Charaktere auf.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 432 (1977), S. 141-146 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structure of Tl3PbCl5Single crystals of the compound Tl3PbCl5 were prepared. Tetragonal symmetry with the lattice parameters a = 844.8 pm, c = 1 491.2 pm was shown by X-ray investigations. Tl3PbCl5 belongs to the space group P41 (No. 76). The crystal structure was solved by MULTAN and refined till R = 0.050. The metal particles are surrounded by seven chloride ions. This polyhedras are connected in a 3-dimensional way. Tl3PbCl5 shows a new structure type, without any constitutional relations to Cs3CoCl5 or (NH4)3ZnCl5.
    Notes: Die Verbindung Tl3PbCl5 wurde in Einkristallen dargestellt und röntgenographisch untersucht. Die Kristalle zeigen tetragonale Symmetrie mit a = 844,8 pm, c = 1 491,2 pm und sind der Raumgruppe P41 (No. 76) zuzuordnen. Die Kristallstruktur wurde mit MULTAN bestimmt und bis zu einem R-Wert von 0,050 verfeinert. Die Thallium- und Bleiteilchen sind von sieben Chloridionen umgeben. Die Koordinationspolyeder sind untereinander dreidimensional verknüpft. Tl3PbCl5 kristallisiert in einem neuen Bautyp, der keinerlei strukturelle Beziehung zu Cs3CoCl5 oder (NH4)3ZnCl5 zeigt.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystalline Adducts of 7, 7, 8, 8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) with Bis(1,2-benzoquinonedioximato)nickel(II) and palladium(II): Synthesis and StructureSolid adducts of stoichiometry Ni(BCD)2 · TCNQ and Pd(BCD)2 · TCNQ were obtained by reacting bis(1,2-benzoquinonedioximato)nickel(II) and palladium(II) with TCNQ. The compound Pd(BCD)2 · TCNQ crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with cell parameters a = 10.251(3) Å, b = 7.843(3) Å, c = 7.328(2) Å, α = 105.54° (3), β = 83.63° (3), γ = 92.28° (3), Z = 1, Dx = 1.72 g · cm-3. The structure was solved by standard Patterson and Fourier methods and refined by the least squares technique to a R-value of 6.4% based on 2230 observed independent reflexions. The structure consists of parallel stacks of alternating TCNQ and Pd(BCD)2 molecules which are planar and electrically neutral. The normals of the molecular planes are inclined with respect to the stacking direction.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion von Bis(1,2-benzochinondioximato)-nickel(II), [Ni(BCD)2] und -palladium(II), [Pd(BCD)2] mit TCNQ wurden die kristallinen Addukte Ni(BCD)2 · TCNQ und Pd(BCD)2 ·TCNQ erhalten. Die beiden Verbindungen sind isomorph und kristallisieren in der triklinen Raumgruppe P1. Die Struktur der Palladiumverbindung (a = 10,251(3) Å, b = 7,843(3) Å, c = 7,328(2) Å, α = 105,54°(3), β = 83,63°(3), γ = 92,28° (3), Z = 1, Dx = 1,72 g·cm-3) wurde mittels Patterson- und Fouriersynthesen bestimmt. Die Verfeinerung nach der Methode, der kleinsten Quadrate lieferte mit allen 2 230 beobachteten unabhängigen Reflexen einen R-Wert von 6,4%. Die Struktur besteht aus parallelen Stapeln von sich abwechselnden TCNQ- und Pd(BCD)2-Molekülen, die eben und ungeladen sind. Die Normalen der Molekülebenen sind zur Stapelrichtung geneigt.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 393 (1972), S. 266-274 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Alkaline Earth Oxoargentates. I. Strontiumargentate SrAg6O4Single crystals of SrAg6O4 were prepared at 400-500°C and 4000 atm. O2-pressure. The X-ray investigation of the single crystals shows the orthorhombic space group D2h6-Pnna (a = 6.518, b = 12.416, c = 8.909 Å). Sr2+ is octahedral and most of the Ag+ surrounded by weakly angled dumbbells of oxygen. In addition of these configurations metallic regions were found.
    Notes: Einkristalle von SrAg6O4 wurden 400-500°C und 4000 atm O2-Druck dargestellt. Eine Röntgenuntersuchung dieser Einkristalle ergibt die Raumgruppe D2h6-Pnna (a = 6,518, b = 12,416, c = 8,909 Å). Sr2+ ist oktaedrisch und das meiste Ag+ durch schwach gewinkelte Hanteln von Sauerstoff umgeben. Daneben wurden metallische Bereiche gefunden.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 422 (1976), S. 261-265 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structure of Trans-Cs2 [OsBrClF4]The complex Cs2[OsBrClF4] cristallizes tetragonal in space group C4v9-I4mm resp. D4h17-I4/mmm with a = 7.176, c = 8.606 Å, Z = 2. The structure was resolved by x-ray structure analysis. The final R value was 0.039. Osmium is surrounded octahedrally by the halogens. The chloride and bromide particles are trans together. The arrangement of the octahedra is statistically with regard to the z direction.
    Notes: Die Komplexverbindung Cs2[OsBrClF4] kristallisiert tetragonal in der Raumgruppe C4v9-14mm bzw. D4h17-14/mmm mit a = 7,175, c = 8,606 Å, Z = 2. Die Struktur wurde durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse aufgeklärt und bis zu einem R-Wert von 0,039 verfeinert. Die Halogenteilchen umgeben das Osmium oktaedrisch, wobei Chlor und Brom transständig sind. Innerhalb des Kristallverbands erfolgt die Anordnung dieser transständigen Halogene statistisch.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 482 (1981), S. 154-162 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Low-Tl3PbBr5, Preparation and Crystal StructureSingle crystals of the low temperature modification of Tl3PbBr5 were prepared below the upper stability border with 239°C. X-ray investigations yield the following crystallografic data: orthorhombic system, space group P212121, crystal axis a = 15.399, b = 9.063, c = 8.532 Å. The crystal structure is described in relation to the high temperature modification. Conductivity measurements aimed to demonstrate the diffusion of metal ions during phase transition.
    Notes: Die Tieftemperaturmodifikation von Tl3PbBr5 (Tu = 239°C) wurde in Einkristallen dargestellt und die Kristallstruktur ermittelt. Kristallographische Daten: Orthorhombisches Kristallsystem, Raumgruppe P212121, a = 15,399, b = 9,063, c = 8,532 Å. Die Kristallstruktur wird beschrieben und mit dem Aufbau der Hochtemperaturmodifikation verglichen. Mit Leitfähigkeitsmessungen konnte die bei der kristallographischen Umwandlung erforderliche Diffusion nachgewiesen werden. Die Bromidumgebung der Metallionen wird im Zusammenhang mit den Platzwechselvorgängen diskutiert.
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