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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary fluorescence kinetics of spinach leaves in relation to the onset of photosynthetic carbon assimilation (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 153 (1981), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chlorophyll fluorescence ; CO2 assimilation, photosynthetic ; Photosynthesis (induction) ; Spinacia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When spinach leaves are re-illuminated, after dark periods of 90 s or less, an initial fluorescence peak is observed which rapidly gives way to a much lower terminal value. After 2 min or more in the dark, however, there is a secondary rise, at about 50–70 s, which then gives way, more slowly, to approximately the same low terminal value as before. The secondary rise is eliminated or disguised by feeding D,L-glyceraldehyde (a specific inhibitor of photosynthetic carbon assimilation) and by manose, 2-deoxyglucose and glucosamine, all of which are believed to sequester cytoplasmic orthophosphate. This secondary rise in fluorescence is discussed in relation to photosynthetic induction and the manner in which these compounds may modulate fluorescence by their effect on the availability of orthophosphate and their consequent impact on the adenylate status of the stroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383899
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorophyll a fluorescence and light-scattering kinetics displayed by leaves during induction of photosynthesis (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 163 (1985), S. 419-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chlorophyll fluorescence ; Light scattering ; Photosynthesis, induction ; Spinacia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Light-scattering, which can be taken as an indicator of the transthylakoid proton-gradient, and chlorophyll a fluorescence, have been followed simultaneously during re-illumination of spinach leaves at different energy fluence rates and carbon dioxide concentrations. The slow fluorescence transient (“M peak”), which has been associated with photosynthetic induction, was observed in air only at the lower fluence rates used. Data are presented that indicate that M peaks in chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics can only be observed if there is also a simultaneous transient in light-scattering and that these transients are observed when the dark period is relatively long, fluence rate relatively low, and CO2 concentration relatively high. The results are discussed in relation to the varying demands on ATP by carbon assimilation during induction of photosynthesis at different carbon dioxide concentrations and the manner in which these variations influence the quenching of chlorophyll a fluorescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395152
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The properties of transketolase from photosynthetic tissue (1982)
    Springer
    Planta 155 (1982), S. 316-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chloroplast ; Cytosol ; Spinacia ; Thiamin pyrophosphate ; Transketolase ; Triticum (transketolase)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transketolase (E.C. 2.2.1.1.) has been partially purified from wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv. Sappo) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves. The fully-active enzyme is a tetramer of relative molecular mass (Mr) of 150 kMr requiring thiamin pyrophosphate for maximal activity, and dissociating into a 74 kMr dimer in its absence or in dilute solution. The chloroplastic transketolase (over 75% of the cellular total) is magnesium-stimulated but the cytosolic form is magnesium-insensitive. Both chloroplastic and cytosolic transketolase showed similar broad specificities towards several ketose phosphate substrates including fructose 6-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. Wheat and spinach leaf transketolases are not light-activated and closely resemble the yeast enzyme in many of their properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429458
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low loss HEMA/EMA copolymer waveguides with a range of wetting and optical properties (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 49 (1993), S. 2147-2155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Homopolymers and copolymers of optical grade hydroxyethyl methacryiate (HEMA) and ethyl methacrylate (EMA) were synthesized with bulk copolymer compositions of 0, 10, 43, 75, 86, 89, and 100 mol % HEMA. Attenuated total reflection IR (ATR-IR) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies showed an unhydrated surface composition that varied insignificantly from the bulk. Polymer surface wettability, percent swelling of the copolymers in water, and the bulk refractive index increased with increasing HEMA content. High-quality thin-film integrated optical waveguides (IOW) were spun cast from copolymer solutions with propagation losses of 〈 1 dB/cm. Waveguide refractive indices determined from coupling angle measurements agreed closely with the bulk measurements. These results show that HEMA/EMA copolymers that form transparent films produce polymer IOWs with a range of bulk swellabilities, surface wettabilities, and optical densities. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070491211
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rate dependent response of modified polystyrene to multiaxial loading (1965)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 5 (1965), S. 185-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The balance of engineering properties of rubber-modified polystyrene make it attractive for many applications, but it is difficult for the design engineer to relate laboratory data to service requirements because of differences in strain rates, temperatures, etc. Data are presented which show how the toughness and stiffness of an appliance-grade, impact polystyrene vary with impact velocity (or loading rate), temperature, fabrication method, and pigment level. The ability to survive multi-axial impact loads is strongly dependent on loading rate; a maximum in energy-absorbing ability was observed in the range 500-2000 in./in./min, where the failure mechanism changed from ductile to brittle.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760050317
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