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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atomic force microscopy used for the surface characterization of microcapsule immunoisolation devices (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 41 (1998), S. 461-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: microencapsulation ; diabetes ; atomic force microscopy ; surface characterization ; immunoisolation device ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The surface morphology of the microcapsule used as a bioartificial pancreas was examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) under ambient conditions in a liquid environment. The standard contact mode was used for imaging. The capsules exhibited different morphologies and surface roughness depending on the composition of the cation solution: namely, the mole ratio of antigelling and gelling cations [Na+]/[Ca2+]. Surface roughness parameters obtained by AFM measurements provide quantitative information on the surface properties of the capsular membrane. In this respect, AFM can be considered a valuable technique complementary to optical microscopy in providing feedback for capsule optimization. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 41, 461-467, 1998.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 2
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    The centring dynamics of a thin liquid shell in capillary oscillations (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The physical mechanism governing the centring of a hollow liquid shell in capillary oscillations, which has been observed in experiments, is investigated theoretically. First, the shell is assumed to be inviscid and to have a thickness that is much less than its spherical radius. A system of one-dimensional nonlinear equations of motion is derived using a thin-sheet model. From a numerical study the nonlinear effects of the wave are found to cause the core to oscillate slowly relative to the shell while the centre of mass of the whole system remains stationary. The effects of small viscosity are then considered in an approximation. Finally the strength of the centring mechanism is compared with that of the decentring effect due to buoyancy. The findings are consistent with the limited experimental information available.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (ISSN 0022-1120); 188; 411-435
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Equilibrium shapes of rotating spheroids and drop shape oscillations (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Recent work on the equilibrium shapes of a rotating spheroid and drop shape oscillations is reviewed. The related theoretical aspects of the equilibrium shapes of a rotating drop, the stability, shape oscillations, gravitational forces, and drop fission are examined. Experimental findings on figures of a rotating drop in an immiscible system, drop oscillations in an immiscible system, oscillations of a rotating drop, compound drop oscillations, and drop dynamics in space are addressed.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Dynamics of free drops on USML-1 (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Drop-dynamics experiments are described in terms of scope and methodology that are designed for the USML-1 flight. Included are experiments regarding: (1) the equilibrium shapes of acoustically rotated drops; (2) large-amplitude drop and bubble-shape oscillations; (3) the collision and coalescence of free drops; and (4) the deformation and instability of levitated drops. The space flight is concluded to provide an effective containerless microgravity environment for studying linear and nonlinear dynamics.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: IAF PAPER 91-399
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    The behavior of a liquid drop levitated and drastically flattened by an intense sound field (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The deformation and break-up are studied of a liquid drop in levitation through the radiation pressure. Using high-speed photography ripples are observed on the central membrane of the drop, atomization of the membrane by emission of satellite drops from its unstable ripples, and shattering of the drop after upward buckling like an umbrella, or after horizontal expansion like a sheet. These effects are captured on video. The ripples are theorized to be capillary waves generated by the Faraday instability excited by the sound vibration. Atomization occurs whenever the membrane becomes so thin that the vibration is sufficiently intense. The vibration leads to a destabilizing Bernoulli correction in the static pressure. Buckling occurs when an existent equilibrium is unstable to a radial (i.e., tangential) motion of the membrane because of the Bernoulli effect. Besides, the radiation stress at the rim of the drop is a suction stress which can make equilibrium impossible, leading to the horizontal expansion and the subsequent break-up.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-0112
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Momentumless coalescence of drops (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The dynamics of mixing and satellite drop formation following the coalescence of initially stationary low-viscosity drops of the same liquid has been investigated using immiscible systems. The main parameters of interest are the drop sizes, the drop viscosity and the host viscosity. For drops of equal sizes there is no mixing following coalescence, which is consistent with that first demonstrated on the Skylab. However, for drops of unequal sizes there is considerable mixing with the smaller drop penetrating the larger drop as a vortex. In the extreme case of coalescence of a small drop with the bulk of the same liquid at a flat interface, the measured penetration depth is found to be proportional to the 5/4 th power of the drop diameter and inversely proportional to the square root of drop viscosity. When the drop and host viscosities are comparable, drop penetration is prematurely terminated by the formation of a satellite drop. However, when the drop diameter ratio (large to small) is below a critical number, satellite drop formation is inhibited and coalescence goes to completion. The influence of drop-host viscosity ratio on this critical diameter ratio has been examined.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-0111
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    The effects of pressure on the nucleation rate of an undercooled liquid (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The pressure dependence of the nucleation rate of an undercooled liquid is examined by analyzing the relationship between surface energy and external pressure. The dependence of the melt-crystal interfacial energy on the applied pressure is modeled, and the increase (decrease) in undercooling due to an applied pressure is described for substances which have positive (negative) values of delta-upsilon. A cavitation-nucleation argument is formulated along the lines of Hickling (1965) with attention given to the possibilities of negative and positive pulses about a bubble in the liquid.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics (ISSN 0021-8979); 71; 11, J; 5721-572
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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