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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 332-335 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Characterization of the corrosion behaviour of copper alloys - polarisation resistances in salt solutionsExperiments with electrolyte copper, Cu with 6% Fe and CuNi90/10 (with Fe or Cr) demonstrate that measured polarisation resistances enable on principle conclusions to be drawn with respect to the probable corrosion behaviour of Cu alloys. This applies in particular to aerated solutions where the negative influence of Cr and the positive influence of Fe can be clearly distinguished. The variation of polarisation resistance with time enables groupes of alloys to be differentiated which initially are characterized by identical kinetic parameters.
    Notes: Versuche mit E-Cu, Cu mit 6% Fe, CuNi 90/10 (mit Fe oder Cr) in 3% NaCl zeigen, daß die Messung des Polarisationswiderstandes grundsätzlich Aussagen über das Korrosionsverhalten von C-Legierungen ermöglicht. Dies gilt vor allem für belüftete Lösungen, in denen der negative Einfluß von Cr und der Positive Einfluß von Fe deutlich erkennbar werden. Die zeitliche Änderung des Polarisationswiderstandes ermöglicht die Differenzierung von Legierungsgruppen, die anfangs gleiche kinetische Parameter aufweisen.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The functional response of peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from 22 patients with silicone gel-filled breast implants was assessed after in vitro re-exposure to silicone. Using cell culture test methods to quantify proliferation and viability and/or activation of lymphocyte microcultures, i.e., the uptake of tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR uptake test) and the reduction of formazan salts (MTT assay), interesting data were obtained. Peripheral blood lymphocytes purified from patients wearing silicone gel-filled breast implants react in vitro to silicone showing a statistically significant increase of both proliferation and viability, while healthy subjects do not respond on in vitro exposure to silicone. Differences resulted even more statistically significant when patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of surgery they underwent: patients with breast augmentation for aesthetic reasons seem to have an increased responsiveness in vitro to silicone compared to patients who experienced a reconstructive surgery of the breast. Although they are still preliminary, being referred to a limited population, these results suggest that the lymphocytes of patients with silicone gel-filled breast implants could be sensitized in vivo toward silicone; the re-exposure of these cells to silicone leads to a higher functional response which could be looked for by using quantitative in vitro test methods. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: We evaluated the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of the periprosthetic capsular contracture, the most frequently occurring complication following the implant of silicone prostheses. Peripheral blood samples from 22 patients with silicone-gel-filled implants were examined. In all cases a capsule was felt by palpation, and it was classified according to the Baker scale. Ten patients (group 1) had a Baker 2 contracture, and 12 (group 2) had severe contracture rated 3 and 4. The cells positive to antigens CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-DR, CD19, CD25, CD57, CD16, and CD14, and the cytotoxic activity of the lymphocytes on target cells K562 were assessed by cytofluorimetric analysis. At time 0 there were no statistically significant differences between patients and normal subjects, nor between the two groups. At 48 h, the group 2 patients had a number/mm3 of cells CD57 + significantly higher than both group 1 and control group (P 〈 .05). In group 1 patients, the cytotoxic activity was similar to that of normal subjects, whereas in group 2 it was significantly increased, in respect to both the controls (P 〈 .05) and group 1 (P 〈 .001). In all groups, the contact of the lymphocytes with the silicone extract did not modify either the antigen expression or the lymphocyte functional activity. On the basis of these results we hypothesize the involvement of the immune system in the formation of the capsular contracture around the prosthesis. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 6 (1992), S. 537-542 
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Organotin ; DNA ; Mössbauer ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The compounds R2SnCl2 and R3SnCl (R=Me, Et, nBu, nOct, Ph, in ethanol solution) as well as the aqueous species [Me2Sn(OH2)n]2+ and [Me3Sn(OH2)2]+, react with aqueous native DNA, yielding solid phases. According to the pointcharge model treatment of the 119Sn Mössbauer parameter nuclear quadrupole splitting, trans-octahedral R2Sn(O2PXY)2, and trigonalbipyramidal R3Sn(O2PXY), (R=Me, Et, nBu), would occur in the pellets, the tin atoms being coordinated by phosphodiester groups of the nucleic acid. The precipitates from Ph2SnIV would consist of the DNA complex as well as of the Ph2SnIV distannoxane obtained by hydrolysis of the reactant, whilst nOct2SnCl2, nOct3SnCl and Ph3SnCl would mainly yield stannoxanes and hydroxides. The water-soluble hydrolyzed species [Me2Sn(OH)(OH2)n]+, Me2Sn(OH)2 and Me3Sn(OH)(OH2) do not show any interaction with native DNA, although they are possibly coordinated by phosphate oxygen atoms in model aqueous systems, in the presence of excess ligand.These trends have been rationalized by QSAR approach (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships) in terms of electronic factors related to tin-oxygen (phosphate) Coulomb interactions, as well as the lipophilicity of R in the RnSnIV moieties.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Glycoproteins ; Capillary electrophoresis ; Glanzmann's thrombasthenia ; Platelet membrane ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is an inherited hemorrhagic defect due to a failure of the platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa complex. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis of solubilized platelet membranes from normal individuals showed the presence of two peaks with a migration time of 27 and 29 min, respectively. An excellent run-to-run and day-to-day reproducibility of the technique (〈 1% variation of the retention time) was documented. Using an automated Ferguson method, the apparent molecular masses were 100.0 kDa and 138.5 kDa, respectively. Immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibodies anti-GP IIIa (B59.2.1) and anti-IIb (61.9.1.3) showed the two peaks as IIIa and IIb, respectively. Electropherograms of a GT young man showed the lack of both peaks. Less than 50% of each peak was present in his parents. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), immunoblotting, and flow cytometry analyses showed that GP IIb and IIIa were undetectable in the platelet membranes from the propositus, half of the normal amount being present in both parents. These findings indicate CE to be a rapid, sensitive and reliable tool to investigate patients with abnormalities of the GP IIb-IIIa complex.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 17
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Tin complexes ; thiolated ligands ; 119Sn Mössbauer spectra ; molecular dynamics ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zinn(IV)-, Monomethylzinn(IV)- und Dimethylzinn(IV)-Komplexe mit Thiolschwefel- und heterocyclischen Stickstoff-Donatoren: Moleküldynamik und Struktur bei 119Sn-Mössbauer-SpektrenDie Moleküldynamik der Komplexe Sn(SPyN)4 (1), SnCl2(SPyN)2 (2), MeSn(SPy)3 (3), MeSnCl(SPyN)2 (4), Me2Sn(TCy)2 (5), Me2SnCl(TOx) (6) und Me2Sn(TUr) (7) (HSPy = 2-Mercaptopyridin; HSPyN = 2-Mercaptopyrimidin; HTCy = 2-Thiocytosin; HTOx = 8-Thiochinolin; H2TUr = 2-Thiouracil) wurde mit 119Sn-Mössbauer-Spektroskopie bei verschiedenen Temperaturen untersucht. Die Flächen unter den Resonanzlinien wurden als Funktion der Temperatur bestimmt und daraus die Debye-Temperaturen, die cut-off-Frequenzen wie auch die rückstoßfreien Anteile (Lamb-Mössbauer-Faktor) und die mittleren quadratischen Auslenkungen der 119Sn-Atome berechnet. Durch Fingerprintvergleiche auf Grund von Literaturdaten wurden monomere Strukturen den Komplexen (1) bis (4) und (6) zugeordnet, während (5) und (7) an der Grenze monomer eindimensionaler Polymerer liegen. Die Ergebnisse werden auf der Basis bekannter Kristall- und Molekülstrukturen diskutiert. Die Umgebung der Zinnatome wird durch Punktladungsmodell-Berechnungen von Kernquadrupolaufspaltungs-Parametern simuliert; Molekülstrukturen für die Komplexe (5) bis (7), von denen keine Röntgendaten verfügbar sind, werden vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: The molecular dynamics of the complexes Sn(SPyN)4 (1), SnCl2(SPyN)2 (2), MeSn(SPy)3 (3), MeSnCl(SPyN)2 (4), Me2Sn(TCy)2 (5), Me2SnCl(TOx) (6), and Me2Sn(TUr) (7) [HSPy = 2-mercaptopyridine; HSPyN = 2-mercaptopyrimidine; HTCy = 2-thiocytosine; HTOx = 8-thioquinoline; H2TUr = 2-thiouracil] has been investigated by variable temperature 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy. The area under the resonant peaks has been determined as function of temperature, from which Debye temperatures and cut-off frequencies, as well as recoil-free fractions (Lamb Mössbauer factor) and mean square displacements of 119Sn, have been calculated. By fingerprint procedures on the basis of literature data, monomeric structures are attributed to complexes (1)-(4) and (6), while (5) and (7) lie in the borderline monomersmonodimensional polymers. The results are discussed on the basis of known crystal and molecular structures. The nature of the environment of tin atoms has been simulated by point-charge model calculations of nuclear quadrupole splitting parameters; molecular structures are proposed for complexes (5)-(7), where no X-ray diffractometric data are available.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hypertonic stress ; EUE cells ; SDS-PAGE ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A cell line derived from human embryonic epithelium (EUE cells) shows an enhanced expression of a 33 kDa protein when adapted to grow in a hypertonic medium containing 0·246 M NaCl (1·8 × the isotonic concentration). The maximum amount of this protein, followed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, was found after 4 days of adaptation; thereafter, the protein band remained fairly constant up to 30 days. When the cells were transferred back to a medium containing 0·137 M NaCl (isotonic medium), the protein pattern reverted to that of control cells. This protein is mainly localized in the cytosol, although a small part is associated with the 150 000 g pellet and needs detergents to be extracted. The molecular weight and the cellular location suggest a possible analogy with the so-called amphitropic proteins, that are known to interact with both the epidermal growth factor receptor and hydrophobic structures, such as the membrane phospholipids and the cytoskeletal components.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: triorganotin(IV) ; L-homocysteic acid ; infrared ; Mössbauer ; NMR ; sea urchin ; Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata) ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several new triorganotin(IV) derivatives of L-homocysteic acid (L-HCAH) with formula R3Sn(L-HCA) (R=Me, nBu, Ph) have been synthesized. Their solid-state configurations were determined by IR and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The tin(IV) atom is five-coordinated in all the complexes, with the L-homocysteic acid behaving as a monoanionic bidentate ligand coordinating the tin(IV) atom through a chelating or bridging carboxylate group. The sulfonate (SO3-) and NH3+ groups of L-homocysteic acid maintain their free acid configuration and hence do not participate to the coordination of the tin(IV) atom. Coordination hypotheses have been checked through the correlation between the Mössbauer parameter isomer shift, δ, and partial atomic charge on the tin atoms, QSn, performed, for all the new organotin(IV) compounds, on the basis of an equalization procedure applied to idealized trigonal-bipyramidal structures for R3Sn(L-HCA).1H and 13C NMR spectra of the complexes show that pentacoordination of the tin atom, with R groups in the equatorial plane of a trigonal bipyramid, is retained in DMSO solution. The NMR data confirm also that the uncoordinated NH3+ group of the ligand is still present in solution.Results gathered after exposure of two- to four-cell embryos of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata) to the triorganotin(IV) L-homocysteate derivatives as well as to the parent triorganotin(IV) chlorides document cytotoxicity of the complexes, while free L-homocysteic acid exerts no significant toxic activity. The trimethyltin(IV) L-homocysteate derivative seems to exert a lower cytotoxicity than the tributyl- and triphenyl-tin(IV) ones. Different structural lesions have been identified by comparative analysis of mitotic chromosomes from untreated embryos (negative controls) and embryos treated with triorganotin(IV) L-homocysteate derivatives, such as (1) suppression of the stretch among sister chromatids at the beginning of anaphase stage; (2) deeply stained zones mainly located at the telomeric regions of chromosomes; (3) arm breakages; and (4) chromosome bridges among daughter chromosomes at anaphase stage. A colchicine-like effect of triorganotin(IV) L-homocysteate derivatives was observed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 4 (1966), S. 79-79 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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