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  • Chemistry  (2)
  • ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES  (1)
  • Engineering General  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of High-Temperature Oxide Films on Stainless Steels by Electrochemical-Impedance Spectroscopy (1998)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 50 (1998), S. 431-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: ELECTROCHEMICAL-IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY ; ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES ; OXIDE FILMS ; DEFECTS ; STAINLESS STEELS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Oxide films formed on three stainless steels(UNS S30403; S44600; S30815) in air at 800°C werecharacterized by electrochemical-impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The film evolution vs. oxidation time wasinvestigated from 1 to 1000 hr. A three-electrodeelectrochemical cell and 0.1 MNa2SO4 solution were employed forEIS measurements. The spectra were interpreted in termsof a two-layer model of the films, where the capacitance and resistance obtained can berelated to the thickness (or roughness) anddefectiveness of the films. The results reveal that theoxide on S30403 grows and becomes defective, the oxideon S44600 thickens rapidly and retains its protectiveability for a relatively long time, and the oxide onS30815 remains thin and resistive. The two-layer modelis supported by surface characterization with SEM/EDS and in-depth profile of the oxide filmsobtained through glow discharge optical emissionspectroscopy (GDOES).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018856808917
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical modeling of ethanol production by immobilized Zymomonas mobilis in a packed bed fermenter (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 29 (1987), S. 370-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model which describes ethanol production in a packed bed fermenter containing. Zymomonas mobilis entrapped in small spheres of calcium alginate within a packed bed fermenter has been developed. The equations combine simultaneous diffusion and reaction as well as a complex flow pattern to calculate glucose and ethanol profiles in the column type reactor. As part of the study, diffusivity values for glucose and ethanol in cell-loaded calcium alginate were determined. Also a freecell kinetic expression for Z. mobilis at 33°C and ph 6.0 was developed. Comparison of the model with actual experimental results were made showing average deviations of ca. 30-40%.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260290314
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gold Diselenocarbamato Complexes (1972)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 392 (1972), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Gold-diselenocarbamato-KomplexeDarstellung, UV- und IR-Spektren und die elektrische Leitfähigkeit der Golddiselenocarbamato-Komplexe Au(et2dsc), [Au(et2dsc)2]Br, [Au(bu2dsc)2] [AuBr2] und Br2Au(et2dsc) werden beschrieben. Die Reduktion durch Übertragung eines Elektrons des [Au(et2dsc)2]Br bei E1/2 =  -  0,43 V (gegen SCE) ist reversibel, im Gegensatz zu der irreversiblen Reduktion des analogen Schwefelkomplexes.
    Notes: The preparation, u. v. and i. r. spectra and electrical conductivity of some gold diselenocarbamato complexes Au(et2dsc), [Au(et2dsc)2]Br, [Au(bu2dsc)2] [AuBr2] and Br2Au(et2dsc) are reported. [Au(et2dsc)2]Br undergoes a reversible one-electron reduction with E1/2 =  -  0.43 V vs. SCE, in contrast with the irreversible reduction observed for the analogous sulfur complex.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19723920113
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multigrid method for steady incompressible navier-stokes equations based on flux difference splitting (1992)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 14 (1992), S. 1311-1323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Steady Navier-Stokes equations ; Flux difference splitting ; Multigrid methods ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The steady Navier-Stokes equations in primitive variables are discretized in conservative form by a vertex-centred finite volume method Flux difference splitting is applied to the convective part to obtain an upwind discretization. The diffusive part is discretized in the central way.In its first-order formulation, flux difference splitting leads to a discretization of so-called vector positive type. This allows the use of classical relaxation methods in collective form. An alternating line Gauss-Seidel relaxation method is chosen here. This relaxation method is used as a smoother in a multigrid method. The components of this multigrid method are: full approximation scheme with F-cycles, bilinear prolongation, full weighting for residual restriction and injection of grid functions.Higher-order accuracy is achieved by the flux extrapolation method. In this approach the first-order convective fluxes are modified by adding second-order corrections involving flux limiting. Here the simple MinMod limiter is chosen. In the multigrid formulation the second-order discrete system is solved by defect correction.Computational results are shown for the well known GAMM backward-facing step problem and for a channel with a half-circular obstruction.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650141104
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