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  • Chemistry  (1,854)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (265)
  • SPACE RADIATION  (179)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical limits to microbial growth yields: An analysis of mixed substrate utilization (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33 (1989), S. 799-799 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260330620
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The supply of oxygen to submerged cultures of BHK 21 cells (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 437-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oxygen solution rates were measured in 4, 30, and 100 liter culture vessels, and the oxygen demand of growing BHK 21 cells estimated. This data was used to calculate the minimal sparged air rates necessary to satisfy oxygen demand throughout the cell growth cycle, and in this way adequate oxygen was supplied without the damaging effects of excessive sparging. Comparable results were obtained when oxygen was supplied by this method and when pO2 was controlled at 80 mmHg, but both cell growth rate and maximum cell density were reduced when pO2 was controlled at other values.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260140312
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical limits to microbial growth yields: An analysis of mixed substrate utilization (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 32 (1988), S. 86-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical analysis has been made of carbon conversion efficiency during heterotrophic microbial growth. The expectation was that the maximal growth yield occurs when all the substrate is assimilated and the net flow of carbon through dissimilation is zero. This, however, is not identical to a 100% carbon conversion, since assimilatory pathways lead to a net production of CO2. It can be shown that the amount of CO2 produced by way of assimilatory processes is dependent upon the nature of the carbon source, but independent of its degree of reduction and varies between 12 and 29% of the substrate carbon. An analysis of published yield data reveals that nearly complete assimilation can occur during growth on substrates with a high energy content. This holds for substrates with a heat of combustion of ca. 550 kJ/mol C, or a degree of reduction higher than 5 (e.g. ethane, ethanol, and methanol). Complete assimilation can also be achieved on substrates with a lower energy content, provided that an auxiliary energy source is present that cannot be used as a carbon source. This is evident from the cell yields reported for Candida utilis grown on glucose plus formate and for Thiobacillus versutus grown on acetate plus thiosulfate. This evaluation of the carbon conversion efficiency during assimilation also made it possible to compare the energy content of the auxiliary energy substrate added with the quantity of the carbon source it had replaced. It will be shown that utilization of the auxiliary energy source may lead to extreme changes in the efficiency of dissimilatory processes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260320112
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of dead time calculation in liquid chromatography using a linearization procedure for homologous series (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 10 (1987), S. 191-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Dead time calculation ; Homologous series ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A mathematical method for the calculation of the dead time (tm) in HPLC was evaluated using a computer simulation approach, in which artificial perturbations were introduced to Simulated homolog retention times. The calculation was based on a modified and extended Grobler and Bálisz (GB) method. Investigated wav how the precision of the calculated tM is affected by: statistical fluctuations in retention times and which, and how many homolog retention times are used. Based on these simulations a two-step procedure for the tM calculation is proposed: In the first step the linearity of log tR, n vs carbon number n is checked using as many homolog retention times as possible. The slope value bo of the first linear regression in the GB method is used for the selection of homolog retention times in the final tM calculation. In the second step the optimal selection of homologs is made and the final tM calculation is carried out. Guidelines for homolog selection are given.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240100407
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction between styrene-butadiene rubber and carbon black on heating (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 3 (1960), S. 213-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The interaction between a carbon black filler and styrene-butadiene rubber is increased if the material is heated after milling. This effect has been attributed to the polymeric free radicals which are presented after milling but which require a high temperature to increase their mobility to the point where they can react. The extent of interaction increases with time of heating and with the amount of milling before heating. The postulated mechanism is supported by the experimental activation energies and by the predictable influence of free radical scavengers on the system.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1960.070030811
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational spectroscopic study of poly(ethylene terephthalate) crystallized by annealing in the oriented state (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) filament yarn has been annealed in nitrogen atmosphere, in silicone oil, or in nonreacting organic solvents. Morphological changes resulting from the annealing processes have been followed by Raman spectroscopy. Crystallinity, as evidenced by the width of the 1730 cm-1 carbonyl stretching vibration, is shown to affect the macroscopic properties of these filaments. Furthermore, these spectroscopic results, together with shrinkage measured, suggest that the shrinkage and the crystallization processes in the polymer fiber proceed at different rates in different fluid media.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260121
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronocoulometric interrogations of oxidase-based enzyme electrodes for enhanced selectivity (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 6 (1994), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Biosensor ; Chronocoulometry ; Glucose ; Interferences ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Classical oxidase-based enzyme electrodes rely on the amperometric determination of H2O2. Such electrodes are vulnerable to electroactive interferants found in biological solutions. Some interferants may be oxidized at anodic potentials, necessitating the use of permselective barrier membranes. Two generic chronocoulometric approaches to the interrogation of oxidase-based enzyme electrodes have been developed. Both the chronocoulometric interrogation of H2O2 and the chronocoulometric interrogation of the reduction of O2 (formed from the anodic oxidation of H2O2) have allowed new correlations to be made with 0 to 20 mM glucose concentrations. Furthermore, the inter rogation of O2 has allowed a glucose sensor to be constructed that is virtually free from the effects of electroactive interferants.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140060203
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Ausbreitung hochmolekularer Substanzen zu sehr dünnen Schichten auf einer Wasseroberfläche und ihr Wert als Untersuchungsmethode für Form und Größe von Molekül und Micelle. I. Anwendung der Methode bei Polysacchariden (1929)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 472 (1929), S. 241-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.19294720112
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Untersuchung von Form und Größe der Moleküle bei hochmolekularen Substanzen durch Ausbreiten zu monomolekular dicken Schichten auf einer Wasseroberfläche. II. Vergleich von Polysacchariden mit „abgebauten“ Polysacchariden (1929)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 474 (1929), S. 296-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.19294740107
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etude en RMN du 13C de Mérocyanines Benzimidazoliniques (1978)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 11 (1978), S. 493-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A series of α-oxobenzimidazolinic merocyanines differently substituted on the ‘phenolate’ part and bearing a paraffinic chain on one heterocyclic nitrogen, has been studied by 13C NMR. Electron donating substituents bring about an increase of the electronic density on the 3 methine carbon and an increase of the alternation of electron density on the 3,4-dimethine bridge. A bathochromic shift of the lower energy electronic transition is also observed. Furthermore, the low field resonance of the 3 methine proton is probably due to a specific interaction between this proton and the ‘phenolate’ oxygen atom. This implies the existence of a favoured trans configuration for merocyanine dyes.
    Notes: Une série de mérocyanines α-oxo benzimidazoliniques diversement substituées sur la partie ‘phénolate’ et possédant une chaǐne grasse sur l'un des azotes hétérocycliques, a été étudiée en RMN du carbone- 13. Des substituants donneurs d'électrons provoquent une augmentation de la densité électronique sur le carbone méthinique C-3 et une augmentation de l'alternance de la distribution de charge sur le pont diméthinique 3,4. Corrélativement un déplacement bathochrome de la transition électronique de plus basse énergie est observé. Par ailleurs, l'apparition de la résonance à champ faible du proton méthinique H-3 semble due à une interaction spécifique intervenant entre ce proton et l'atome d'oxygène ‘phénolate’, ce qui suppose l'existence d'une configuration trans privilégiée pour les mérocyanines.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270111004
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