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  • 1
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Chiral separation ; Leucovorin 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate ; Cyclodextrin, binding constants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Capillary electrophoresis with an electrolyte containing cyclodextrin was investigated for the simultaneous separation of the diastereoisomers of 6R,S-leucovorin and its active metabolite 6R,S-5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate. α, β and γ-cyclodextrin separated the diastereoisomers of 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate, while only γ-cyclodextrin was found to be effective for the chiral separation of leucovorin. The effect of γ-cyclodextrin concentration was investigated, and subsequently a curve-fitting analysis for the quantitative estimation of the binding constants was attempted. The binding constants were found to be very small, in the range 2–4 M−1. Although the interaction between γ-cyclodextrin and the tetrahydrofolates is weak, the high efficiency of capillary electrophoresis and the use of high concentrations of γ-cyclodextrin allow baseline chiral separation of the diastereoisomers of leucovorin and 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate. Changes in temperature exert differing effects on the separations of leucovorin and 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate; higher temperatures improved the separation of leucovorin diastereoisomers but reduced the resolution of 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate diastereoisomers. The effects of urea and buffer salt concentrations and of buffer pH were also investigated. Capillary electrophoresis with γ-cyclodextrin was used to analyse plasma samples spiked with clinically-relevant levels of leucovorin and 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate. Resolution of these compounds in ultrafiltered plasma was demonstrated, but detection sensitivity was not adequate for the routine use of this method for the determination of leucovorin and 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate in plasma. In addition, a simple technique to reverse the elution order of ionic stereoisomers was demonstrated. By adding a cationic surfactant into the buffer and reversing the separation potential, the elution order of the diastereoisomers of leucovorin and 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate was reversed.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: chiral recognition mechanisms ; quantitative structure ; enantioselective retention relationships ; chiral chromatography ; enantioselective separations ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of 12 chiral arylcarboxylic acids were chromatographed on an immobilized human serum albumin chiral stationary phase (HSA-CSP). The effects of solute structure on chromatographic retentions and enantioselective separations were examined by linear regression analysis and the construction of quantitative structure-enantioselective retention relationships. Competitive displacement studies were also conducted using R-ibuprofen as the displacing agent. The results indicate that the enantioselective retention of the solutes takes place at the indole-benzodiazepine site (site II) on the HSA molecule and that chiral recognition is affected by the hydrophobicity and steric volume of the solutes. The displacement studies also identified a cooperative allosteric interaction induced by the binding of R-ibuprofen to site II. Chirality 9:178-183, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 9 (1997), S. 335-340 
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: chiral chromatography ; cys34 modified human serum albumin ; ethacrynic acid ; protein binding ; enantioselectivity ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Derivatization of the free cys34 in human serum albumin (HSA) anchored to a silica matrix has been performed by in situ reaction with ethacrynic acid. This modification, which is reported to occur under physiological conditions, gives rise in practice to a new column with different binding properties with respect to the column based on the native protein. Significant differences were observed in the binding of drugs known to bind to site I, (R)-(S)-warfarin and phenylbutazone, and to site II, 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. In particular, the chromatographic retentions markedly decreased for most of the drugs, and, in the case of chiral compounds, significant differences were often observed in the behavior of the two enantiomers, with higher values of enantioselectivity obtained for some of the examined compounds. Furthermore, the noncovalent binding of ethacrynic acid to the protein modifies the binding properties of the albumin. Chirality 9:335-340, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: High performance liquid chromatography ; Resolution of enantiomers ; Chiral stationary phase ; 1-Phenyl-2-aminopropane, amide derivatives ; Amphetamine derivatives ; Reversal of elution order ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enantiomeric amide derivatives of (S)- and (R)-1-phenyl-2-aminopropane (dextro- and levoamphetamine, respectively) were resolved by high performance liquid chromatography on commercially available ionically and covalently bonded chiral stationary phases ((R)-N-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)phenylglycine). Ten enantiomeric amide pairs were synthesized and chromatographed on the columns by using a mobile phase of hexane-isopropanol (97 : 3), a flow rate of 2 ml/min, and a column temperature of 20°C. The (R)-isomer of all 10 amides eluted first on the covalent column as did the (R)-isomer of nine derivatives on the ionic column. however, the 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl amide of (S)- amphetamine eluted before the (R)-isomer on the ionic column. This reversal in enantiomeric elution order reveals the complexity of the interactions occurring on these columns and emphasizes the hazards of relying on observed elution order as an a priori indication of absolute configuration.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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