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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 635-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690380421
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of polymer interfacial tension by drop image processing: Comparison of theory and experiment for the pair, poly(dimethyl siloxane)/polybutndieneThis paper is dedicated to Prof. Bryce Maxwell on the occasion of his retirement from Princeton University (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 1410-1418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The interfacial tensions of immiscible binary blends of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) and polybutadiene (PBD) have been determined as a function of molecular weight and temperature. The technique employed for these measurements takes advantage of recent advances in the determination and analysis of pendant fluid drop profiles. The experimental data are compared to the predictions of square gradient theories and theories based on the diffusion equation approach as developed by Helfand and co-workers. Qualitative agreement is obtained with both types of theory when the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter is taken to be comprised of two terms: a temperature independent term of entropic origin; and an enthalpic term that is inversely dependent upon the temperature.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760262010
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss of 2-tertiary-butyl-4-methoxy phenol (BHA) from high-density polyethylene film (1987)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 27 (1987), S. 934-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The rate of loss of the antioxidant 2-tertiary-butyl-4-methoxy phenol (BHA) from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was determined using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The rate of loss was found to follow a first-order expression. Almost all of the antioxidant was lost (〉95 percent) within 1 day at 50°C, within 3 days at 40°C, and within 7 days at 30°C. The controlling parameter for mass transfer of the antioxidant was found to be volatilization rather than diffusion.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760271303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integral-skin polyurethane foams (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 717-724 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A model describing the expansion of a polyurethane (PU) foam in a closed mold is developed. An energy balance is stated, together with constitutive equations for the vaporization rate of the foaming agent and the polymerization kinetics. A numerical solution is obtained for an experimentally-characterized PU formulation. It is shown that in order to avoid premature gelling or undesirable density distributions, the wall temperature must be close to the initial one. The relative fraction of skin in the foam may be increased by decreasing the part thickness or by adding less catalyst or more blowing agent to the formulation. Factors affecting cream, rise, and process times are discussed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760261102
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic determination of the interaction parameter of poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends (1984)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 24 (1984), S. 287-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) has been used to investigate thermodynamic miscibility of a molten poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blend. Toluene, benzene, and chloroform have been employed as probes in pure and mixed stationary phases of these polymers. Experimental measurements have been taken over a narrow range of temperatures because of the high PMMA glass transition temperature as well as the degradation of the PEO. The interaction parameter χ23 determined at 150°C is slightly negative and dependent on the interacting probe, as has been also noted in previous chromatographic studies on polymer-polymer miscibility. The last section is devoted to a model calculation, using Flory's equation of state theory. Different χ23-concentration curves have been simulated, with the interaction energy parameter X23 as an adjustable parameter.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760240410
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosensitive polyimidesiloxanes (1992)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 1630-1633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Photosensitive polyamic acid involving substituted 3, 5-diaminobenzamide has been developed for photopatternable polyimidesiloxanes. This precursor, formulated with photosensitizers, was used to develop fine patterns by i-line UV exposure. The curing of polyamic acid was investigated by using FTIR and physical property measurement. The cured film has a high glass transition temperature depending on the siloxane content. It is stable up to 400°C and loses some of the substituted groups on heating to 500°C. The modulus, dielectric constant, and water absorption decreased with higher siloxane content.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760322116
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rigorous model for ion exchange equilibria of strong and weak electrolytes (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 1911-1924 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A thermodynamics-based equilibrium model was developed to describe ion exchange equilibria of strong and weak electrolytes. It is applicable to binary and multicomponent systems, using selectivity coefficients for all ion pairs and distribution coefficients for all neutral species as parameters. The model was successfully tested for a strong-base anion exchange resin with the strong electrolyte NaCl and the weak electrolytes acetic acid and N-acetylmethionine in a wide concentration range. Compared to conventional models, this model is more advantageous because it takes into account the uptake of all species, counterions as well coions and neutral species, thus making it possible to calculate the intraparticle pH. Especially when weak electrolytes are involved and when electrolyte concentrations strongly exceed the resin capacity, it is superior to conventional ones, whereas for dilute systems it converges to the conventional stoichiometric displacement model.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690420712
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pH and concentration on column dynamics of weak electrolyte ion exchange (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 1925-1937 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The column dynamics of simple ion-exchange processes involving acetic acid and N-acetylmethionine were studied using a strong-base anion exchange resin to reveal the complex relation between pH, concentration, equilibrium isotherms, and chromatographic separation in ion-exchange chromatography of weak electrolytes. Changing either the influent pH or the concentration, while keeping the other variable constant, led to considerable effluent concentration and pH fluctuations, respectively. This behavior is caused mainly by the uptake of undissociated acids. To describe these phenomena quantitatively, a rigorous thermodynamics-based equilibrium model for ion exchange, including Donnan potential and reaction equilibria, was incorporated into a fixed-bed model. Experimental results can be described well by this dynamic model, which is superior to conventional models due to its explicit incorporation of coions and partitioning of neutral species. It has great potential for optimizing chromatographic separations of weak electrolyte solutions.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690420713
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR measurements and numerical simulation of fluid transport in porous solids (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 1653-1661 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pulsed magnetic field gradient stimulated echo NMR measurements are performed for diffusion and flow of an aqueous phase both within a sample of packed spherical beads and within a 25% porosity Fontainebleau sandstone. The stimulated echo dependence on the gradient pulse area q is used to derive the displacement probability distributions PΔ(X) for fixed observation times Δ. The shape of PΔ(X) as a function of Δ is simulated for computer-generated porous media, and a good agreement is obtained between the experimental NMR data and the simulations.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430702
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of dissociation equilibria on ion-exchange processes of weak electrolytes (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 73-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ion-exchange processes involving weak electrolytes are influenced strongly by the pH via the occurrence of association/dissociation equilibria. This influence was investigated quantitatively through binary displacement experiments with different electrolytes to gain better insight in the role of the pH and to test a fixed-bed ion-exchange model used for the description of multicomponent processes. The two major factors determining the ion-exchange behavior of weak electrolytes are the actual exchange of counterions and the sorption of neutral species. The sorption of neutral species resulted in concentration fluctuations superimposed on the normal ion-exchange profiles, whereas pH fluctuations inherent to ion-exchange processes in general also influenced concentration through modified ionic fractions. The relative importance of these contributions is determined by the magnitude of parameters such as resin capacity, distribution coefficients of neutral species, and selectivities of ions, as well as by operating conditions such as concentrations of all species.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430110
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