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  • Chemical Engineering  (43)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (36)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 2 (1964), S. 283-286 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 2 (1964), S. 395-398 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 2 (1964), S. 501-501 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Crosslinked synthetic polypeptides of poly Glu51Lys33Tyr16 (mol. wt. 31,000) and of poly Glu52Lys33Tyr15 (No. 3) (mol. wt. 52,000) containing from one to six crosslinks per molecule have been prepared by use of FFDNB, WRK and ICD reagents.The monomeric fractions of these derivatives were isolated by Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The number of crosslinks per molecule of DNPene derivatives was determined by total hydrolysis of the derivatives, isolation of O, N∊-DNPene-Tyr-Lys bridges by paper chromatography and then spectrophotometric quantitation. The number of the amide-type crosslinks in Am derivatives was established by their deamination followed by total hydrolysis and quantitation of the remaining lysine residues. Crosslinked derivatives appear to have a more compact structure, as judged by their behavior on the Sephadex columns and by their intrinsic viscosities. They were further characterized in regard to their amino acid composition, average number of the crosslinks per molecule, nitrogen content, solubility, root-mean-square end-to-end distance, and their spectral properties. Their properties recommend them as useful models for the study of the tertiary structure of proteins in solution.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The introduction of intramolecular amide bonds into synthetic polypeptides produces molecules with organized spatial structure which are good models for the tertiary structure of proteins. Polarization of fluorescence measurements were used to study the internal structure and the overall rigidity of the intramolecularly crosslinked polypeptides. The graph of [(1/p) + (1/3)] against T/η changes from a straight line to a continuous curve: the temperature at which this change occurs and the slope of the straight line segment measure the stability of the internal structure of the molecule. The introduction of one to six crosslinks produces an organized internal structure that becomes more stable as the number of crosslinks increases. In contrast to the fluorescence measurements, the intrinsic viscosities, reflecting the overall hydrodynamic domain of the molecules, change (decrease) to the same extent whether one, four, or six intramolecular crosslinks are present. The overall rigidity of the polymers can be assessed by the rotational relaxation time ρh and the polarization at 10°C. p10. Both of these criteria show that the presence of six crosslinks significantly increases the rigidity, but one or four does not. The various hydrodynamic measurements may be fitted into a hierarchy of discrimination: intrinsic viscosity, sedimentation, and diffusion for size and shape; rotational relaxation time and polarization of fluorescence at a given temperature for overall molecular rigidity; and transition temperature and rate at which it is attained for internal molecular detail.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 21 (1982), S. 1735-1747 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the oxygen replacement reaction of carbon monoxide-saturated hemoglobin (HbA0) was carried out using spectroscopic, calorimetric, and pH titration methods. Under fully saturated conditions the replacement reaction can be defined by a single partition constant over all ratios of bound oxygen to carbon monoxide. This indicates that under saturating conditions Haldane's first law for the ligand binding of gas mixtures holds for any CO/O2 ratio. It further shows that there is no appreciable difference in relative CO-O2 affinity between the α- and β-chains. The same partition coefficient was found to hold for different pH, buffer, and allosteric effector conditions. The lack of any pH dependence of the partition coefficient was confirmed by the absence of proton changes for the replacement reaction. The temperature dependence of the partition coefficient and calorimetric results yield a value for the enthalpy of the reaction of -3.65 ± 0.29 kcal/mol/heme.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We examine the effects of concentration (aggregation), buffers, and ligation, under conditions of either constant ligand activity or limited total amount of ligand, upon thermal denaturation of macromolecules as measured by scanning calorimetry. In doing so we utilize and extend an earlier generalized allosteric treatment [S. J. Gill, B. Richey, G. Bishop, and J. Wyman (1985) Biophys. Chem. 21, 1-14], applicable to ligand binding, enthalpy changes, and volume changes in a macromolecular system. The approach is contrasted with formulations based on the idea of structural domains. We show how information from the full scanning calorimetric curves can be utilized in arriving at and testing appropriate models for observed behavior in selected examples.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 29 (1990), S. 1129-1135 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Examination of binding information in the form of derivative (or finite difference) measurements is explored (1) experimentally by a thin-layer optical procedure (Dolman, D. & Gill, S. J. (1978) Anal. Biochem. 87, 127-134) and (2) theoretically by simulation in order to determine the influence of the number of data points and their standard error upon the resolvability of binding parameters in cooperative and non-cooperative systems. The data is described by the difference in optical absorbance divided by the change in the logarithm of the ligand activity and each data point is assumed to be influenced by a random error with a given variance. It is found that increasing the number of data points, which in turn effectively reduces the magnitude of the observed absorbance changes, results in an increase in the uncertainty of the resolved parameters of the system. The effect is verified by both experimental and simulation studies. Thus one is led to suggest that fewer measurements for the change of absorbance with larger magnitudes produces the most favorable situation for parameter resolution when the data is in the form of finite difference measurements.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 5 (1967), S. 663-670 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Current network theory exhibits inconsistencies which show up particularly clearly in deformation of networks prepared by crosslinking a polymer in solution. A check of theory can be obtained if one knows precisely the number of crosslinks in the network and if a range of deformations is applied to the network. In an effort to explore this problem we have examined the relation of shear modulus to crosslink density, primary molecular weight, and polymer concentration for a series of poly(vinyl alcohol) gels at low to intermediate concentrations. Aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions were crosslinked to form infinite networks using terephthalaldehyde. We find a large discrepancy with these poly(vinyl alcohol) gels between measured shear modulus and that calculated from classical elasticity theory assuming quantitative reaction of crosslinking. The ratio of measured to calculated modulus is independent of crosslink density for a given primary molecular weight and concentration. It shows linear dependence on polymer concentration prior to crosslinking and extrapolates to a critical concentration which is consistent with the effective sizes of the polymer molecules.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 5 (1967), S. 795-798 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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