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  • Cephalopoda  (2)
  • Vision  (2)
  • 1
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    Unknown
    Microstructural and biochemical characterization of the nanoporous sucker rings from Dosidicus gigas (2009)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2009. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of John Wiley & Sons for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Advanced Materials 21 (2009): 401-406, doi:10.1002/adma.200801197.
    Description: Recent interest in the development of environmentally benign routes to the synthesis of novel multifunctional materials has resulted in numerous investigations into structure-function relationships of a wide range of biological systems at the ultrastructural, micromechanical, and biochemical levels. While much of this research has concentrated on mineralized structures such as bone, mollusk shells sponge spicules and echinoderm ossicles, there is an equally broad range of animals whose skeletal structures are devoid of mineral components.One such group, the squids (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Teuthoidea), are remarkable in several aspects. In addition to having an exceptionally well developed brain, sensory systems and skin (for adaptive coloration), these swift agile predators have eight flexible strong arms, two fast extensible tentacles, and strong malleable suckers, all of which are muscular hydrostats.
    Description: We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (AM, PA002–113176 / 1), NIH 5 R01 DE 014672, DANSYNC for supporting the synchrotron experiments, and the Danish Research Councils, as well as partial support (RTH) by DARPA DSO BioDynotics Program (Project N66001-03-C-8043).
    Keywords: Cephalopoda ; Proteinaceous ; Cellular solids ; Biomimetic
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 2
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    To be seen or to hide : visual characteristics of body patterns for camouflage and communication in the Australian giant cuttlefish Sepia apama (2011)
    University of Chicago
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © University of Chicago, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of University of Chicago for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in American Naturalist 177 (2011): 681-690, doi:10.1086/659626.
    Description: It might seem obvious that a camouflaged animal must generally match its background whereas to be conspicuous an organism must differ from the background. However, the image parameters (or statistics) that evaluate the conspicuousness of patterns and textures are seldom well defined, and animal coloration patterns are rarely compared quantitatively with their respective backgrounds. Here we examine this issue in the Australian giant cuttlefish Sepia apama. We confine our analysis to the best-known and simplest image statistic, the correlation in intensity between neighboring pixels. Sepia apama can rapidly change their body patterns from assumed conspicuous signaling to assumed camouflage, thus providing an excellent and unique opportunity to investigate how such patterns differ in a single visual habitat. We describe the intensity variance and spatial frequency power spectra of these differing body patterns and compare these patterns with the backgrounds against which they are viewed. The measured image statistics of camouflaged animals closely resemble their backgrounds, while signaling animals differ significantly from their backgrounds. Our findings may provide the basis for a set of general rules for crypsis and signals. Furthermore, our methods may be widely applicable to the quantitative study of animal coloration.
    Description: S.Z. was supported by a Case award from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council and QinetiQ and is currently supported by Office of Naval Research (ONR) grant N00014-09-1-1053. R.T.H. received partial support from ONR grant N0001406-1- 0202.
    Keywords: Camouflage ; Communication ; Signaling ; Image structure ; Cephalopods ; Vision
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    The giant eyes of giant squid are indeed unexpectedly large, but not if used for spotting sperm whales (2013)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2013. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 13 (2013): 187, doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-187.
    Description: We recently reported (Curr Biol 22:683–688, 2012) that the eyes of giant and colossal squid can grow to three times the diameter of the eyes of any other animal, including large fishes and whales. As an explanation to this extreme absolute eye size, we developed a theory for visual performance in aquatic habitats, leading to the conclusion that the huge eyes of giant and colossal squid are uniquely suited for detection of sperm whales, which are important squid-predators in the depths where these squid live. A paper in this journal by Schmitz et al. (BMC Evol Biol 13:45, 2013) refutes our conclusions on the basis of two claims: (1) using allometric data they argue that the eyes of giant and colossal squid are not unexpectedly large for the size of the squid, and (2) a revision of the values used for modelling indicates that large eyes are not better for detection of approaching sperm whales than they are for any other task. We agree with Schmitz et al. that their revised values for intensity and abundance of planktonic bioluminescence may be more realistic, or at least more appropriately conservative, but argue that their conclusions are incorrect because they have not considered some of the main arguments put forward in our paper. We also present new modelling to demonstrate that our conclusions remain robust, even with the revised input values suggested by Schmitz et al.
    Keywords: Vision ; Eyes ; Giant squid ; Sperm whale ; Bioluminescence ; Mesopelagic
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    Male alternative reproductive tactics and associated evolution of anatomical characteristics in loliginid squid (2020)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Marian, J. E. A. R., Apostólico, L. H., Chiao, C. C., Hanlon, R. T., Hirohashi, N., Iwata, Y., Mather, J., Sato, N., & Shaw, P. W. Male alternative reproductive tactics and associated evolution of anatomical characteristics in loliginid squid. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, (2019): 1281, doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01281.
    Description: Loliginid squids provide a unique model system to explore male alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) and their linkage to size, behavioral decision making, and possibly age. Large individuals fight one another and the winners form temporary consortships with females, while smaller individuals do not engage in male-male agonistic bouts but use various sneaker tactics to obtain matings, each with varying mating and fertilization success. There is substantial behavioral flexibility in most species, as smaller males can facultatively switch to the alternative consort behaviors as the behavioral context changes. These forms of ARTs can involve different: mating posture; site of spermatophore deposition; fertilization success; and sperm traits. Most of the traits of male dimorphism (both anatomical and behavioral) are consistent with traditional sexual selection theory, while others have unique features that may have evolved in response to the fertilization environment faced by each temporary or permanent male morph.
    Description: JM acknowledges the funding provided by FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation – proc. 2013/02653-1, 2014/11008-5, 2015/15447-6, 2017/16182-1, and 2018/19180-2), CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – proc. 477233/2013–9), and CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – Finance Code 001).
    Keywords: Sexual selection ; Alternative phenotypes ; ARTs ; ale dimorphism ; Consort ; Sneaker ; Cephalopoda ; Loliginidae
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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