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  • Functional morphology  (2)
  • Centrachidae  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpopulation variation in prey use and feeding biomechanics in Caribbean triggerfishes (1995)
    Springer
    Oecologia 102 (1995), S. 296-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Diet ; Ecomorphology ; Functional morphology ; Tetraodontiformes ; Trophic morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationships between prey utilization and jaw biomechanics were explored in two Caribbean populations (La Parguera and Mona Island) of four trigger-fishes. The volumetric contribution of major prey types and six biomechanical features of the jaws that characterize biting strength were contrasted between populations. At Mona, Xanthichthys ringens ate 45% benthic organisms, whereas conspecifics at La Parguera fed exclusively on plankton. Balistes vetula at Mona consumed 63% soft and nonelusive invertebrates, in contrast to their La Parguera conspecifics, which consumed 62% hard prey. Differences in diet between populations were associated with differences in jaw biomechanics. Xanthichthys at Mona had jaw muscles, bones, and closing-lever ratios larger than those of fish at La Parguera, indicating a stronger bite. Balistes at Mona had 50% smaller jaw bones, muscles, and closing-lever ratios than their La Parguera conspecifics, indicating a weaker but swifter bite. Melichthys niger and Cantherhines macrocerus ate similar prey at the two locations and showed little difference in trophic anatomy. We hypothesize that the interpopulation differences in morphology are induced by the activities of feeding on different prey and enhance the feeding ability of fishes for locally dominant prey. Plasticity of the feeding mechanism may be a widespread attribute of fish feeding systems that promotes the ability of species to occupy multiple habitat types successfully.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329796
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in resource abundance affects diet and feeding morphology in the pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) (1992)
    Springer
    Oecologia 90 (1992), S. 8-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Diet ; Functional morphology ; Lepomis ; Molluscs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus Linnaeus; Centrarchidae) feeds extensively on molluscs, crushing them between its pharyngeal jaws. To address whether differences in mollusc availability might affect pumpkinseed diet and jaw morphology, we collected pumpkinseed from six Wisconsin lakes that varied in mollusc abundance and diversity. The percentage of molluscs in the diet increased directly with mollusc abundance. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the mass of the pumpkinseed's main crushing muscle, the levator posterior, and the percentage of molluscs in the diet. These data support our previous work in two Michigan lakes showing that pumpkinseed pharyngeal jaws were more robust, and mollusc crushing performance improved, in a lake with higher mollusc densities. The combined Wisconsin and Michigan data exhibit a single relationship between levator posterior mass and percentage of molluscs eaten. Taken together, these studies demonstrate strong, functional relationships between prey availability, diet, morphology, and feeding performance, and suggest how morphology and feeding efficiency may evolve in response to variation in resource density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317802
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting patterns of prey use from morphology of fishes (1995)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 44 (1995), S. 97-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Ecomorphology ; Serranidae ; Centrachidae ; Jaw mechanics ; Gape limited feeding ; Allometry ; Feeding ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Ecomorphological analyses that search for patterns of association between morphological and prey-use data sets will have a greater chance of understanding the causal relationships between form and diet if the morphological variables used have known consequences for feeding performance. We explore the utility of fish body size, mouth gape and jaw-lever mechanics in predicting patterns of prey use in two very different communities of fishes, Caribbean coral reef fishes, and species of the Centrarchidae that live in Lake Opinicon, Ontario. In spite of major differences in the spectrum of potential prey available, the centrarchids of Lake Opinicon show dietary transitions during ontogeny that are very similar to those seen among and within species of Caribbean groupers (Serranidae). The transition from small zooplankton to intermediate sized invertebrates and ultimately to fishes appears to be very general in ram-suction feeding fishes and is probably driven largely by the constraints of mouth size on prey capture ability. The jaw-lever systems for mouth opening and closing represent direct trade-offs for speed and force of jaw movement. The ratio of in-lever to out-lever in the opening system changes during ontogeny in bluegill, indicating that the mechanics and kinematics of jaw movement may change as well. Among 34 species of Caribbean reef fishes, biting species had jaw-closing ratios that favored force translation, while species that employ rapid-strike ram-suction had closing ratios that enhanced speed of closing and mouth opening ratios that favored a more rapid expansion of the mouth during the strike. We suggest that when prey are categorized into functional groups, reflecting the specific performance features that are important in capturing and handling them, and the differences among habitats in the available prey resource are taken into account, general patterns can be found in morphology-diet relations that cross phylogenetic boundaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005909
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