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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the composition of cotton fibre cell walls during development (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 146 (1979), S. 635-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cellulose ; Cell wall ; Cotton fibre ; Glucans ; Gossypium ; Hemicelluloses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Purified cell walls, prepared from cotton fibres (Gossypium arboreum L.) at different growth stages, were subjected to successive extractions to give pectic, hemicellulosic, and α-cellulosic fractions. The protein content and sugars obtained after hydrolysis of the total cell walls and of the various fractions were quantitatively estimated. The amount of protein in the fibre cell walls from one ovule reached a maximum value at the end of the elongation growth, decreased, and then reached a second maximum at the end of the secondary wall deposition. The absolute amounts of fucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, arabinose, uronic acid, and non-cellulosic glucose residues all reached a maximum at the end of the primary wall formation or at the beginning of the secondary wall formation. Only the absolute amounts of xylose and of the cellulosic glucose residues increased until the end of the fibre development. Most conspicuous was the decrease in the absolute amounts of non-cellulosic glucose and of arabinose residues during the secondary wall formation, possibly indicating a turnover of at least some of the hemicellulosic wall material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388844
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and localization of suberin in the cell walls of green cotton fibres (Gossypium hirsutum L., var. green lint) (1983)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 117 (1983), S. 196-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Autofluorescence ; Cell wall ; Cotton fibres ; Ovule culturein vitro ; Suberin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The secondary cell walls of fibres of the green lint variety of cotton are strongly autofluorescent and stain with both Sudan III and osmium tetroxide. In the electron microscope thin sections of aldehydeosmium fixed fibres show concentric, osmiophilic layers in the walls, each separated by cellulosic material. The number of these layers corresponds approximately to the number of days of secondary wall formation suggesting a periodic deposition. At higher magnifications each osmiophilic layer consists of several alternating electron opaque and electron translucent lamellae with a periodicity of about 4.2 nm. Ovules of the same variety culturedin vitro, in the dark and at constant temperature, also develop green fibres exhibiting the same ultrastructural features. Chemical analysis of the isolated fibre cell walls confirmed the presence of suberin, the dominant monomer being 22-hydroxydocosanoic acid (65% of the total monomeric mixture). These findings strongly suggest that suberin, as well as waxes, are associated with the formation of the concentric rings of lamellated lipid material which characterise the walls of green lint cotton fibres. A similar polymeric lipid also occurs in green lint epidermal cells that do not form fibres. However, in the white lint variety this polymer is restricted to the outer part of non-fibre forming epidermal cells and to the lateral walls at the base of the fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281823
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the “fringe-layer”, the innermost epidermis of cotton seed coats (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 147 (1988), S. 81-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell wall ; Cuticles ; Epidermis ; Gossypium Lignification ; Seed coat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The inner epidermis of the inner integument of cotton seed coats (fringe-layer) and the cuticles between this cell layer and the nucellus were examined in the light and electron microscope at different times of their development. The cells of the fringe-layer contain only small vacuoles and their cytoplasm is densely packed with organelles and free and membrane-bound polysomes. The lateral walls contain many plasmodesmata. At the time when the fruit capsules stop growing, the fringe-cells produce a cell wall labyrinth, resembling that of transfer cells. The cell wall labyrinth is restricted to the lateral walls. The differentiated state of the fringe-cells is short-lived. At about the time of elaboration of the cell wall labyrinth most of them become progressively vacuolated, lignify, and lose their cytoplasmic constituents. The development of the fringe-layer is well correlated with other developmental events in the inner integument, but not with the filling of embryo and endosperm with reserve substances. At anthesis, the fringe-layer and nucellus are covered by a thin cuticle proper of about 20 nm. After anthesis, the nucellar cells start to produce a cuticular layer of considerable, but variable, thickness (0.25–2.5 μm), containing a polysaccharide network. In drying seeds the cells of the fringe-layer disrupt. The thin outer tangential wall remains attached to the seed coat. The rest of the cell, together with the cuticles and the collapsed cells of the nucellus, form a protective layer around embryo and endosperm, remaining attached to the seed coat at the chalazal end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403335
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