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  • Carbon dioxide  (1)
  • Lonicera japonica  (1)
  • Water relations  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of below- and aboveground competition from the vines Lonicera japonica and Parthenocissus quinquefolia on the growth of the tree host Liquidambar styraciflua (1993)
    Springer
    Oecologia 93 (1993), S. 48-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Vines ; Aboveground and belowground competition ; Lonicera japonica ; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; Liquidambar styraciflua
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Detrimental effects of vines on tree growth in successional environments have been frequently reported. Little is known, however, about the relative importance of below and aboveground competition from vines on tree growth. The objective of this study was to quantify and compare the growth responses of Liquidambar styraciflua saplings to below and/or aboveground competition with the exotic evergreen vine, Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle), and the native deciduous vine, Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper). Soil trenching and/or vine-trellising were used to control the type of vine competition experienced by trees. Comparisons among untrenched treatments tested for effects of belowground competition. Comparisons among trenched treatments tested for effects of aboveground competition. After two growing seasons, Lonicera japonica had a greater effect on the growth of L. styraciflua than did P. quinquefolia. This effect was largely due to root competition, as canopy competition only had a negative effect on tree growth when it occurred in combination with root competition. Leaf expansion was consistently and similarly affected by all treatments which involved belowground competition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321190
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen and carbon dynamics in C3 and C4 estuarine marsh plants grown under elevated CO2 in situ (1989)
    Springer
    Oecologia 78 (1989), S. 297-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide ; Nitrogen ; Spartina ; Scirpus ; Wetlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Carbon dioxide concentrations were elevated in three estuarine communities for an entire growing season. Open top chambers were used to raise CO2 concentrations ca. 336 ppm above ambient in monospecific communities of Scirpus olneyi (C3) and Spartina patens (C4), and a mixed community of S. olneyi, S. patens and Distichlis spicata (C4). Nitrogen and carbon concentration (% wt) of aboveground tissue was followed throughout growth and senescence. Green shoot %N was reduced and %C was unchanged under elevated CO2 in S. olneyi. This resulted in a 20%–40% increase in tissue C/N ratio. There was no effect of CO2 on either C4 species. Maximum aboveground N (g/m2) was unchanged in S. olneyi, indicating that increased productivity under elevated CO2 was dependent on reallocation of stored N. There was no change in the N recovery efficiency of S. olneyi in pure stand and a decrease in the mixed community. Litter C/N ratio was not affected by elevated CO2 suggesting that decomposition and N mineralization rates will also remain unchanged. Continued growth responses to elevated CO2 could, however, be limited by the ability of S. olneyi to increase the total aboveground N pool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379101
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between C3 and C4 salt marsh plant species during four years of exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2 (1993)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 104-105 (1993), S. 133-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Growth ; Water relations ; Competition ; Distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Elevated atmospheric CO2 is known to stimulate photosynthesis and growth of plants with the C3 pathway but less of plants with the C4 pathway. An increase in the CO2 concentration can therefore be expected to change the competitive interactions between C3 and C4 species. The effect of long term exposure to elevated CO2 (ambient CO2 concentration +340 µmol CO2 mol-1) on a salt marsh vegetation with both C3 and C4 species was investigated. Elevated CO2 increased the biomass of the C3 sedgeScirpus olneyi growing in a pure stand, while the biomass of the C4 grassSpartina patens in a monospecific community was not affected. In the mixed C3/C4 community the C3 sedge showed a very large relative increase in biomass in elevated CO2 while the biomass of the C4 species declined. The C4 grassSpartina patens dominated the higher areas of the salt marsh, while the C3 sedgeScirpus olneyi was most abundant at the lower elevations, and the mixed community occupied intermediate elevations.Scirpus growth may have been restricted by drought and salt stress at the higher elevations, whileSpartina growth at the lower elevations may be affected by the higher frequency of flooding. Elevated CO2 may affect the species distribution in the salt marsh if it allowsScirpus to grow at higher elevations where it in turn may affect the growth ofSpartina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048149
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