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  • Oxomolybdates  (2)
  • Carbidboride  (1)
  • Cluster  (1)
  • DREAM beamline  (1)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-07-21
    Description: 〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉The high‐intensity time‐of‐flight (TOF) neutron diffractometer POWTEX for powder and texture analysis is currently being built prior to operation in the eastern guide hall of the research reactor FRM II at Garching close to Munich, Germany. Because of the world‐wide 〈sup〉3〈/sup〉He crisis in 2009, the authors promptly initiated the development of 〈sup〉3〈/sup〉He‐free detector alternatives that are tailor‐made for the requirements of large‐area diffractometers. Herein is reported the 2017 enterprise to operate one mounting unit of the final POWTEX detector on the neutron powder diffractometer POWGEN at the Spallation Neutron Source located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA. As a result, presented here are the first angular‐ and wavelength‐dependent data from the POWTEX detector, unfortunately damaged by a 50〈italic〉g〈/italic〉 shock but still operating, as well as the efforts made both to characterize the transport damage and to successfully recalibrate the voxel positions in order to yield nonetheless reliable measurements. Also described is the current data reduction process using the 〈italic〉PowderReduceP2D〈/italic〉 algorithm implemented in 〈italic〉Mantid〈/italic〉 [Arnold 〈italic〉et al.〈/italic〉 (2014). 〈italic〉Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A〈/italic〉, 〈bold〉764〈/bold〉, 156–166]. The final part of the data treatment chain, namely a novel multi‐dimensional refinement using a modified version of the 〈italic〉GSAS‐II〈/italic〉 software suite [〈ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?aj5212"〉Toby & Von Dreele (2013). 〈italic〉J. Appl. Cryst.〈/italic〉〈bold〉46〈/bold〉, 544–549〈/ext-link〉], is compared with a standard data treatment of the same event data conventionally reduced as TOF diffraction patterns and refined with the unmodified version of 〈italic〉GSAS‐II〈/italic〉. This involves both determining the instrumental resolution parameters using POWGEN's powdered diamond standard sample and the refinement of a friendly‐user sample, BaZn(NCN)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. Although each structural parameter on its own looks similar upon comparing the conventional (1D) and multi‐dimensional (2D) treatments, also in terms of precision, a closer view shows small but possibly significant differences. For example, the somewhat suspicious proximity of the 〈italic〉a〈/italic〉 and 〈italic〉b〈/italic〉 lattice parameters of BaZn(NCN)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 crystallizing in 〈italic〉Pbca〈/italic〉 as resulting from the 1D refinement (0.008 Å) is five times less pronounced in the 2D refinement (0.038 Å). Similar features are found when comparing bond lengths and bond angles, 〈italic〉e.g.〈/italic〉 the two N—C—N units are less differently bent in the 1D results (173 and 175°) than in the 2D results (167 and 173°). The results are of importance not only for POWTEX but also for other neutron TOF diffractometers with large‐area detectors, like POWGEN at the SNS or the future DREAM beamline at the European Spallation Source.〈/p〉
    Description: 〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉The first real‐world neutron diffraction data have been collected with one of the POWTEX detectors (FRM II, Garching, Germany) mounted for testing at the Spallation Neutron Source (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA). They allow for angular‐ and wavelength‐dispersive Rietveld refinement using a modified version of 〈italic〉GSAS‐II〈/italic〉.〈boxed-text position="anchor" content-type="graphic" xml:lang="en"〉〈graphic position="anchor" id="jats-graphic-1" xlink:href="urn:x-wiley:16005767:jcr2tu5033:jcr2tu5033-fig-0001"〉 〈/graphic〉〈/boxed-text〉〈/p〉
    Keywords: ddc:548 ; neutron detectors ; POWGEN beamline ; POWTEX detector ; DREAM beamline ; time‐of‐flight diffraction ; angular‐dispersive refinement ; wavelength‐dispersive refinement ; powder diffraction ; Rietveld refinement ; multi‐dimensional refinement
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Carbidboride ; Festkörperstrukturen ; Halogenide ; Lanthanoidverbindungen ; Supraleitung ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 602 (1991), S. 49-63 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Oxomolybdates ; cluster ; crystal structure ; HRTEM ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of PbMo5O8; a reduced Oxomolybdate with Mo10O28 Double OctahedraThe crystal structure of the new phase PbMo5O8 contains oligometric Mo clusters which consist of two edge-sharing Mo6 octahedra connected according to Mo10O6iO4/2i-iO16/2i-a. The compound is isotypic with LaMo5O8. Isolated, divalent Pb atoms are located in the “channels” of the monoclinic structure (a = 999.3(2) pm, b = 924.7(1) pm, c = 753.6(2) pm, β = 109.39(2)°, P21/a. Compared to the compound In 11Mo40O62 the Mo—O distances (average 206 pm) and the Mo—Mo distances within the octahedral units (average 275 pm) are slightly decreased by 1 and 4 pm, respectively. The very short Mo—Mo distances (278 pm) between the cluster units which are not observed in In11Mo40O62 (320 pm) are due to excess electrons in these inter-cluster bonds which would otherwise occupy antibonding cluster states.
    Notes: Mit der neuen Phase PbMo5O8 wurde ein weiteres Beispiel für oligomere Mo-Cluster aus zwei kantenverknüpften Mo6-Oktaedern gefunden, die nach Mo10O6iO4/2i-iO16sol;2i-a verknüpft sind. Die Verbindung ist isotyp zu LaMo5O8. In den „Kanälen“ der monoklinen Struktur a = 999,3(2) pm, b = 924,7(1) pm, c = 753,6(2) pm, β = 109,39(2)°, P21/a) findet man isolierte, zweiwertige Pb-Atome. Gegenüber der Verbindung In11Mo40O62 sind die Mo—O-Abstände mit durchschnittlich 206 pm nur gering um 1 pm und die Mo—Mo-Abstände innerhalb der oktaedrischen Baueinheiten mit durchschnittlich 275 pm ebenfalls nur schwach um 4 pm verkürzt. Allerdings findet man mit 278 pm sehr kurze Mo—Mo-Abstände zwischen den Clustereinheiten, die so nicht bei In11Mo40O62 (320 pm) beobachtet werden können. An diesen inter-Cluster-Bindungen sind überschüssige Elektronen beteiligt, die andernfalls antibindende Clusterzustände besetzen würden.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 1397-1408 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Oxomolybdates ; Cluster ; X-Ray Crystal Structure ; Electrical Resistivity ; Magnetic Susceptibility ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Crystal Structure of In3Mo11O17 and the Physical Properties of Oligomeric OxomolybdatesIn3Mo11O17 is characterized by its molybdate framework Mo22O348- belonging to the general series Mo4n+2O6n+4x- (with n = 5). The phase grows in star-like aggregates and crystallizes within the orthorhombic system (a = 988.0(2) pm, b = 951.2(2) pm, c = 3 176.7(4) pm). There are oligomeric clusters built from five trans edge-sharing Mo6 octahedra, surrounded by O atoms over all empty edges according to the Aufbau principle Mo22O18iO4/2i-iO28/2i-a. In the remaining structural channel one finds an In68+ polycation which is geometrically equivalent with the one of In11Mo40O62. The Mo - O and Mo - Mo distances within the cluster are the same like in In11Mo40O62, too, but there are shorter inter cluster distances (306 pm) in In3Mo11O17. Disorder in the structure may be understood in terms of the presence of constitutional isomers.While the electrical resistivity of PbMo5O8 resembles the one of a strongly disturbed metal (with a local minimum around 120 K), the temperature characteristic of Tl0.8Sn0.6Mo7O11 is typical for a semiconductor. Oxomolybdates with even longer oligomers like In11Mo40O62 and In3Mo11O17 show metallic conductivity. This course corresponds with the sizes of the clusters and their electronic intercoupling which can be estimated from the specific lengths of the inter cluster distances.The effective magnetic moment grows with increasing cluster length from 0.97 μB (PbMo5O8) to 1.40 μB (In11Mo40O62) per cluster (exception: In3Mo11O12), and so does the contribution of the temperature-independent paramagnetism (from 890 to 2191 × 10-6\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{{\rm emu}}}{{{\rm mol}}} $\end{document} per cluster). Thus, a single condensed octahedron carries roughly 440 × 10-6\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{{\rm emu}}}{{{\rm mol}}} $\end{document} as a temperature-independent paramagnetism, similar to the M6X17 halide clusters. In11Mo40O62 shows an interesting change in the temperature dependence of its magnetic suszeptibility.
    Notes: In3Mo11O17 besitzt ein Molybdatgerüst Mo22O348-, das zur allgemeinen Reihe Mo4n+2O6n+4x- (mit n = 5) gehört. Die in sternförmigen Kristallaggregaten wachsende Phase kristallisiert im orthorhombischen System (a = 988,0(2) pm, b = 951,2(2) pm, c = 3 176,7(4) pm). Es liegen oligomere Cluster aus fünf trans-kantenverknüpften Mo6-Oktaedern vor, die nach dem Verknüpfungsprinzip Mo22O18iO4/2i-iO28/2i-a über allen freien Kanten von O-Atomen umgeben sind. Im verbleibenden Hohlraum liegt ein In68+-Polykation, das vollständig dem entsprechenden Polykation aus In11Mo40O62 gleicht. Auch für die Mo - O- und Mo - Mo-Abstände innerhalb des Clusters werden gleiche Werte wie in In11Mo40O62 erreicht, doch gibt es in In3Mo11O17 mit 306 pm kürzere inter-Cluster-Abstände. In der Struktur treten Fehlordnungen auf, die mit dem Vorliegen von Konstitutionsisomeren interpretiert werden.Während der elektrische Widerstand von PbMo5O8 dem eines stark gestörten Metalls ähnelt (mit lokalem Minimum bei ca. 120 K), ist Tl0,8Sn0,6Mo7O11 aufgrund der Temperaturcharakteristik ein Halbleiter. Oxomolybdate mit längeren Oligomeren wie In11Mo40O62 und In3Mo11O17 zeigen metallische Leitfähigkeit. Dieser Gang korrespondiert mit der Größe der Cluster und ihrer elektronischen Kopplung untereinander, die in der Länge der inter-Cluster-Abstände zum Ausdruck kommt.Mit wachsender Clustergröße steigen sowohl das effektive magnetische Moment von 0,97 μB (PbMo5O8) auf 1,40 m̈B (In11Mo40O62) pro Cluster (Ausnahme: In3Mo11O17) als auch der Anteil des temperaturunabhängigen paramagnetischen Beitrags von 890 auf 2 191 × 10-6 \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{{\rm emu}}}{{{\rm mol}}} $\end{document} pro Cluster stetig an. Ein kondensierter Oktaeder hat daher einen Beitrag von 440 × 10-6\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{{\rm emu}}}{{{\rm mol}}} $\end{document} wie bei entsprechenden M6X12-Halogenidclustern. In11Mo40O62 zeigt einen auffälligen Wechsel im Temperaturverhalten der magnetischen Suszeptibilität.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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