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  • CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)  (3)
  • 1
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    Thermal alteration experiments on organic matter from recent marine sediments in relation to petroleum genesis (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Three fractions of organic matter: lipid (benzene:methanol-extractable), humic acid (alkali-extractable) and kerogen (residue) were extracted from a young marine sediment (Tanner Basin, offshore southern California) and heated for different times (5-116 hr) and temperatures (150-410 C). The volatile (gases) and liquid products, as well as residual material, were then analyzed. On a weight basis, the lipid fraction produced 58% of the total identified n-alkanes, the kerogen fraction 41%, and the humic acid less than 1%. The volatiles produced by heating the lipid and humic acid fractions were largely CO2 and water, whereas those produced from heated kerogen also included methane, hydrogen gas and small amounts of C2-C4 hydrocarbons. A mechanism for hydrocarbon production due to the thermal alteration of organic constituents of marine sediment is discussed.
    Keywords: CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta; 41; June 197
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Color of kerogen as index of organic maturity (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Kerogen from the Tanner basin off southern California was heated under nitrogen at different temperatures and times and subsequently was studied under the transmitted light microscope. Samples darken in color from yellow through shades of brown to black with increasing thermal maturation. The transition from dark brown to very dark brown marks the range of maximum n-alkane generation where the residue attains an atomic H/C of about 0.80 plus or minus 0.05. The apparent activation energy for this transition was about 45 plus or minus 5 kcal per mole.
    Keywords: CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)
    Type: American Association of Petroleum Geologists; vol. 61
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Thermal alteration experiments on organic matter in recent marine sediments as a model for petroleum genesis (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The fate of naturally occurring lipids and pigments in a marine sediment exposed to elevated temperatures was studied. Samples of a young marine sediment from Tanner Basin, California, were heated to a series of temperatures (65-200 C) for varying periods of time (7-64 days). The sediment was analyzed prior to and after heating for pigments, isoprenoid compounds, alcohols, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons. Structural changes caused by heating unextractable organic material (kerogen) were also studied, and the significance of the results for understanding petroleum genesis is considered. Among other results, fatty acids and hydrocarbons increased in abundance although there appeared to be no obvious precursor-to-product relationship via simple decarboxylation reactions. Chlorins were partially converted into porphyrins. The phytyl side chain of pheophytin was initially preserved intact by reduction of the phytyl double bond, but later converted to a variety of isoprenoid compounds including alkanes. Thermal grafting of components onto kerogen occurred as well as structural changes caused by heat.
    Keywords: CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)
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