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  • NONMETALLIC MATERIALS  (41)
  • CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)  (1)
  • Carboxylic acids  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New method of background eluent conductivity elimination in gradient ion chromatography (1990)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 30 (1990), S. 509-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gradient ion chromatography ; Conductivity detection ; Solid phase reagent ; Inorganic anions ; Carboxylic acids ; Aliphatic sulfonates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method of conductivity signal enhancement by post-column addition of a solid phase reagent (SPR) is evaluated. SPR enhanced conductivity detection is used in the development of several new gradient separation systems for inorganic anions, carboxylic acids and aliphatic sulfates and sulfonates. Also discussed are two different methods of speciation for chlorine containing anions. Newly developed gradient techniques are applied to the chromatographic analysis of samples containing dissimilar levels of analyte anions. Concentration ratios of analytes of up to one to one thousand can be successfully analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02269796
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    The effects of metals and inhibitors on thermal oxidative degradation reactions of unbranched perfluoroalkyl ethers (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Thermal oxidative degradation studies were performed on unbranched perfluoroalkylethers at 288 C in oxygen. Metals and alloys studied included Ti, Al, and Ti (4 Al, 4 Mn). The mechanism of degradation was by chain scission. Ti and Al promoted less degradation than Ti (4 Al, 4 Mn). The two inhibitors investigated (a perfluorophenyl phosphine and a phosphatriazine) reduced degradation rates by several orders of magnitude. Both inhibitors were effective for the same duration (75 to 100 hours). The phosphatriazine appeared to provide more surface protection.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: I & EC - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Product Research and Development (ISSN 0196-4321); 24; 417-420
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Thermal oxidative degradation reactions of linear perfluoroalkyl ethers (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Thermal and thermal oxidative stability studies were performed on linear perfluoroalkyl ether fluids. The effect on degradation by metal catalysts and degradation inhibitors is reported. The linear perfluoroalkyl ethers are inherently unstable at 316 C in an oxidizing atmosphere. The metal catalysts greatly increased the rate of degradation in oxidizing atmospheres. In the presence of these metals in an oxidizing atmosphere, the degradation inhibitors were highly effective in arresting degradation at 288 C. However, the inhibitors had only limited effectiveness at 316 C. The metals promote degradation by chain scission. Based on elemental analysis and oxygen consumption data, the linear perfluoroalkyl ether fluids have a structural arrangement based on difluoroformyl and tetrafluoroethylene oxide units, with the former predominating. Previously announced in STAR as N82-26468
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: I&EC - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Product Research and Development (ISSN 0196-4321); 22; 166-170
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Contact angle and surface tension measurements of a five-ring polyphenyl ether (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Contact angle measurements were performed for a five-ring polyphenyl ether isomeric mixture on M-50 steel in a dry nitrogen atmosphere. Two different techniques were used: (1) a tilting plate apparatus, and (2) a sessile drop apparatus. Measurements were made for the temperature range 25 to 190 C. Surface tension was measured by a differential maximum bubble pressure technique over the range 23 to 220 C in room air. The critical surface energy of spreading (gamma /sub c/) was determined for the polyphenyl ether by plotting the cosine of the contact angle (theta) versus the surface tension (gamma /sub LV/). The straight line intercept at cosine theta = 1 is defined as gamma (sub c). Gamma (sub c) was found to be 30.1 dyn/cm for the tilting plate technique and 31.3 dyn/cm for the sessile drop technique. These results indicate that the polyphenyl ether is inherently autophobic (i.e., it will not spread on its own surface film until its surface tension is less than gamma /sub c/). This phenomenon is discussed in light of the wettability and wear problems encountered with this fluid.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: ASLE transactions (ISSN 0569-8197); 29; 276-282
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Effect of gamma irradiation on the friction and wear of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The effect of sterilization gamma irradiation on the friction and wear properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) sliding against stainless steel 316L in dry air at 23 C is investigated, the results to be used in the development of artificial joints which are to surgically replace diseased human joints. A pin-on-disk sliding friction apparatus is used, a constant sliding speed in the range 0.061-0.27 m/s is maintained, a normal load of 1 kgf is applied with dead weight, and the irradiation dose levels are: 0, 2.5, and 5.0 Mrad. Wear and friction data and conditions for each of the ten tests are summarized, and include: (1) wear volume as a function of the sliding distance for the irradiation levels, (2) incremental wear rate, and (3) coefficient of friction as a function of the sliding distance. It is shown that (1) the friction and wear properties of UHMWPE are not significantly changed by the irradiation doses of 2.5 and 5.0 Mrad, (2) the irradiation increases the amount of insoluble gel as well as the amount of low molecular weight material, and (3) after run-in the wear rate is either steady or gradually decreases as a function of the sliding distance.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Wear; 70; July 15
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Thermal and Oxidative Stabilities of Liquid Lubricants (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-11
    Description: The fundamental processes which occur during the thermal and oxidation degradation of hydrocarbons is reviewed. Various classes of liquid lubricants such as mineral oils, esters, polyphenyl ethers, C-ethers, and fluorinated polyethers are emphasized. Techniques to determine thermal and oxidative stabilities of lubricants are discussed. The role of inhibitors and catalysis is examined.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Tribology in the 80's. Vol. 1; p 419-455
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    The effect of oxygen concentration on the boundary-lubricating characteristics of a C ether and a polyphenyl ether to 300 C (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Ball-on-disk sliding friction experiments were carried out at 17 m/min (100 rev/min) to investigate the effect of oxygen concentration varying from 20% (air) to 0.001% (nitrogen) on the boundary-lubricating characteristics of an unformulated C ether in the temperature range 20-300 C. Results were then compared with those obtained for a five-ring polyphenylether in air and in nitrogen. The C ether yielded lower wear and lower friction coefficients than a five-ring polyphenylether in both air and nitrogen over most of the temperature range. Friction polymer was observed around the wear scars of most test specimens, with much greater quantities of friction polymer produced in a low-oxygen environment. Thus, with respect to friction polymer production, the C ether behaved very much like the polyphenylether.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Wear; 73; Nov. 16
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Optical and other properties changes of M-50 bearing steel surfaces for different lubricants and additives prior to scuffing (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An ester lubricant base oil containing one or more standard additives to protect against wear, corrosion, and oxidation was used in an experimental ball/plate elastohydrodynamic contact under load and speed conditions such as to induce scuffing failure in short times. Both the ball and the plate were of identically treated M-50 steel. After various periods of operating time the wear track on the plate was examined with an interference microscope of plus or minus 30 A depth resolution and sometimes also with a scanning ellipsometer and an Auger spectrometer. The optically deduced surface profiles varied with wavelength, indicating the presence of surface coatings, which were confirmed by the other instruments. As scuffing was approached, a thin (approximately A) oxide layer and a carbide layer formed in the wear track in particular when tricresylphosphate antiwear additive was present in the lubricant. The rates of the formation of these layers and their reactivity toward dilute alcoholic HCl depended strongly on the lubricant and additives. Based on these results suggestions for improved formulations and a test method for bearing reliability could be proposed.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: ASLE Transactions; 29; 13-24
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Analysis of a thioether lubricant by infrared Fourier microemission spectrophotometry (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An infrared Fourier microemission spectrophotometer is used to obtain spectra (wavenumber range, 630 to 1230 0.1 cm) from microgram quantities of thioether lubricant samples deposited on aluminum foil. Infrared bands in the spectra are reproducible and could be identified as originating from aromatic species (1,3-disubstituted benzenes). Spectra from all samples (neat and formulated, used and unused) are very similar. Additives (an acid and a phosphinate) present in low concentration (0.10 percent) in the formulated fluid are not detected. This instrument appears to be a viable tool in helping to identify lubricant components separated by liquid chromatography.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TM-87195 , E-2691 , NAS 1.15:87195
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    The Preliminary Evaluation of Liquid Lubricants for Space Applications by Vacuum Tribometry (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-15
    Description: Four different vacuum tribometers for the evaluation of liquid lubricants for space applications are described. These range from simple ball-on-flat sliders with maximum in-situ control and surface characterization to an instrument bearing apparatus having no in-situ characterization. Thus, the former provides an abundance of surface chemical information but is not particularly simulative of most triboelements. On the other hand, the instrument bearing apparatus is completely simulative, but only allows post-mortem surface chemical information. Two other devices, a four-ball apparatus and a ball-on-plate tribometer, provide varying degrees of surface chemical information and tribo-simulation. Examples of data from each device are presented.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: The 28th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; p 265-277; NASA-CP-3260
    Format: application/pdf
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