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  • Environment Pollution  (5)
  • CESM; DATE/TIME; Event label; M1_trap; M2_trap; M3_trap; M4_trap; Mooring (long time); MOORY; NIOZ_UU; NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University; North Atlantic; Precipitation; Saharan dust; Sediment traps  (1)
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  • 1
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    Precipitation of Saharan dust deposition across the tropical North Atlantic Ocean (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Keywords: CESM; DATE/TIME; Event label; M1_trap; M2_trap; M3_trap; M4_trap; Mooring (long time); MOORY; NIOZ_UU; NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University; North Atlantic; Precipitation; Saharan dust; Sediment traps
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4368 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    A HTAP Multi-Model Assessment of the Influence of Regional Anthropogenic Emission Reductions on Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing and the Role of Intercontinental Transport (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: In this study, we assess changes of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and direct radiative forcing (DRF) in response to the reduction of anthropogenic emissions in four major pollution regions in the northern hemisphere by using results from 10 global chemical transport models in the framework of the Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (HTAP). The multi-model results show that on average, a 20% reduction of anthropogenic emissions in North America, Europe, East Asia and South Asia lowers the global mean AOD and DRF by about 9%, 4%, and 10% for sulfate, organic matter, and black carbon aerosol, respectively. The impacts of the regional emission reductions on AOD and DRF extend well beyond the source regions because of intercontinental transport. On an annual basis, intercontinental transport accounts for 10-30% of the overall AOD and DRF in a receptor region, with domestic emissions accounting for the remainder, depending on regions and species. While South Asia is most influenced by import of sulfate aerosol from Europe, North America is most influenced by import of black carbon from East Asia. Results show a large spread among models, highlighting the need to improve aerosol processes in models and evaluate and constrain models with observations.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: GSFC.JA.6598.2012
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Satellite Perspective of Aerosol Intercontinental Transport: From Qualitative Tracking to Quantitative Characterization (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Evidence of aerosol intercontinental transport (ICT) is both widespread and compelling. Model simulations suggest that ICT could significantly affect regional air quality and climate, but the broad inter-model spread of results underscores a need of constraining model simulations with measurements. Satellites have inherent advantages over in situ measurements to characterize aerosol ICT, because of their spatial and temporal coverage. Significant progress in satellite remote sensing of aerosol properties during the Earth Observing System (EOS) era offers opportunity to increase quantitative characterization and estimates of aerosol ICT, beyond the capability of pre-EOS era satellites that could only qualitatively track aerosol plumes. EOS satellites also observe emission strengths and injection heights of some aerosols, aerosol precursors, and aerosol-related gases, which can help characterize aerosol ICT. After an overview of these advances, we review how the current generation of satellite measurements have been used to (1) characterize the evolution of aerosol plumes (e.g., both horizontal and vertical transport, and properties) on an episodic basis, (2) understand the seasonal and inter-annual variations of aerosol ICT and their control factors, (3) estimate the export and import fluxes of aerosols, and (4) evaluate and constrain model simulations. Substantial effort is needed to further explore an integrated approach using measurements from on-orbit satellites (e.g., A-Train synergy) for observational characterization and model constraint of aerosol intercontinental transport and to develop advanced sensors for future missions.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: GSFC.JA.7179.2012
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Multi-Decadal Change of Atmospheric Aerosols and their Effect on Surface Radiation (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: We present an investigation on multi-decadal changes of atmospheric aerosols and their effects on surface radiation using a global chemistry transport model, GOCART, along with the near-term to long-term data records. We focus on a 28-year time period of satellite era from 1980 to 2007 during which a suite of aerosol data from satellite observations, ground-based measurements, and intensive field experiments have become available. Particularly: (1) We compare the model calculated clear sky downward radiation at the surface with surface network data from BSRN and CMA (2) We compare the model and surface data with satellite derived downward radiation products from ISCCP and SRS (3) We analyze the long-term global and regional aerosol trends in major anthropogenic source regions (North America, Europe, Asia) that have been experiencing considerable changes of emissions during the three decades, dust and biomass burning regions that have large interannual variability, downwind regions that are directly affected by the changes in the source area, and remote regions that are considered to representing "background" conditions. The comparisons and methods from this study can be applied to multiple model analysis in the AeroCom framework.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: GSFC.ABS.5365.2011 , 10th AeroCom Workshop; Oct 03, 2011 - Oct 06, 2011; Fukuoka; Japan
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    A Global Model Simulation of Aerosol Effects of Surface Radiation Budget- Toward Understanding of the "Dimming to Brightening" Transition (2008)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: We present a global model study on the role aerosols play in the change of solar radiation at Earth's surface that transitioned from a decreasing (dimming) trend to an increasing (brightening) trend. Our primary objective is to understand the relationship between the long-term trends of aerosol emission, atmospheric burden, and surface solar radiation. More specifically, we use the recently compiled comprehensive global emission datasets of aerosols and precursors from fuel combustion, biomass burning, volcanic eruptions and other sources from 1980 to 2006 to simulate long-term variations of aerosol distributions and optical properties, and then calculate the multi-decadal changes of short-wave radiative fluxes at the surface and at the top of the atmosphere by coupling the GOCART model simulated aerosols with the Goddard radiative transfer model. The model results are compared with long-term observational records from ground-based networks and satellite data. We will address the following critical questions: To what extent can the observed surface solar radiation trends, known as the transition from dimming to brightening, be explained by the changes of anthropogenic and natural aerosol loading on global and regional scales? What are the relative contributions of local emission and long-range transport to the surface radiation budget and how do these contributions change with time?
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: International Workshop on Global Dimming/Brightening; Feb 10, 2008 - Feb 24, 2008; Tel Aviv; Israel
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Aerosol Daytime Variations over North and South America Derived from Multiyear AERONET Measurements (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: This study analyzes the daytime variation of aerosol with seasonal distinction by using multi-year measurements from 54 of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites over North America, South America, and islands in surrounding oceans. The analysis shows a wide range of daily variability of aerosol optical depth (AOO) and Angstrom exponent depending on location and season. Possible reasons for daytime variations are given. The largest AOO daytime variation range at 440 nm, up to 75%, occurs in Mexico City, with maximum AOO in the afternoon. Large AOO daily variations are also observed in the polluted mid-Atlantic U.S. and U.S. West Coast with maximum AOO occurring in the afternoon in the mid-Atlantic U.S., but in the morning in the West Coast. In South American sites during the biomass burning season (August to October), maximum AOO generally occurs in the afternoon. But the daytime variation becomes smaller when sites are influenced more by long-range transported smoke than by local burning. Islands show minimum AOO in the morning and maximum AOO in the afternoon. The diverse patterns of aerosol daytime variation suggest that geostationary satellite measurements would be invaluable for characterizing aerosol temporal variations on regional and continental scales. In particular, simultaneous measurements of aerosols and aerosol precursors from a geostationary satellite would greatly aid in understanding the evolution of aerosol as determined by emissions, chemical transformations, and transport processes.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: GSFC.JA.6089.2012
    Format: application/pdf
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