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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 115 (1984), S. 21-34 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Dye ; Colour and constitution ; Chromophore ; Streptopolymethine ; Computation ; PPP ; MIM ; MOA ; CA ; FMO ; MINDO/3, QCFF/Pi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Farbe des 4,5-diphenyl-substituierten 2-Dimethylamino-3-azacyclopentadienons (4) wird im Hinblick auf verschiedene Grundchromophore diskutiert. Der Grundchromophor kann entweder mit der Struktur identifiziert werden, welche die gleiche Absorptionswellenlänge wie die betrachtete Verbindung aufweist, oder mit der Struktur, welche elektronisch am stärksten mit dem Farbstoff verwandt ist. Im Falle4 führen beide Betrachtungen zu verschiedenen Ergebnissen. Auf Grund des Korrelationsdiagramms der Elektroenzustände, die in die Anregung eingeschlossen sind, wird die langwellige Absorption von4 besser verstanden als Merocyaningrundchromophor, als durch eine betainische Teilstruktur, welche die gleiche Farbe wie4 aufweisen sollte und nachKlessinger der Grundchromophor ist. Diese Schlußfolgerung wird aus derPPP-Konfigurationsanalyse der Wellenfunktion von4 in bezug auf verschiedene molekulare Teilstrukturen gezogen. Die durch Geometrieoptimierung in MINDO/3 und QCFF/Pi-Näherung berechnete Molekülgeometrie lieferte zusätzlich Argumente zugunsten der Cyclomerocyaninstruktur von4. Bezüglich der Farbe kann4 zu einer neuen Serie cyclisch-konjugierter Chromophore gerechnet werden.
    Notes: Abstract Taking the 4,5-diphenyl-substituted 2-dimethylamino-3-azacyclopentadienone (4) as an example its colour has been discussed in relation to different basic chromophores (parent chromophores). The parent chromophore can be defined either as the structure which has nearly the same absorption wavelength as the dye under consideration or as the substructure which is electronically most closely related to the dye. In the case of4 both considerations lead to different results. Based on the correlation diagram between the electronic states involved in the electronic excitation the long-wavelength absorption of4 is better understood in terms of the merocyanine parent chromophore than in terms of a betainic substructure, which should have the same colour as4 and is the parent chromophore according toKlessinger. This conclusion is drawn fromPPP configuration analysis of the wavefunctions of4 relative to different molecular substructures. The molecular geometry predicted by the geometry-optimized MINDO/3 and QCFF/Pi calculations provided additional arguments in favour of the cyclomerocyanine structure of4. In respect to the colour4 belongs to a new series of cyclic-conjugated chromophoric systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Electrocyclic reactions ; Hetero Diels-Alder reaction ; Thionitroso compounds ; Nitroso compounds ; N,S-Heterocycles ; N,O-Heterocycles ; Transition structures ; Calculations, ab initio, semiempirical ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Structure and reactivity of the title compounds 1 were examined by ab initio methods at the post Hartree-Fock level of theory. Both compounds are expected to undergo electrocyclic ring closure to 4H-1,2-oxazete (4O) and 4H-1,2-thiazete (4S), respectively. The alternative electrocyclic reaction affording 2H-azirine 1-oxide (3O) and 2H-azirine 1-thioxide (3S) is definitely less favoured. (Thionitroso)ethylene (1S) is more reactive than the oxygen-containing congener. The same holds for the cycloaddition reaction with ethylene. [4 + 2] Hetero Diels-Alder reactions furnishing 4H-1,2-oxazine (5O) or 4H-1,2-thiazine (5S) are favoured over the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions providing 2H-pyrrole 1-oxide (2O) and 2H-pyrrole 1-thioxide (2S). The results of RMP2/6-31G* calculations and results obtained at lower levels of theory (RHF, PM3) are compared and discussed with respect to the experimental material available. Some additional single-point calculations at the computationally more demanding QC1SD/6-31G* level confirmed conclusions drawn from RMP2 calculations. Some test calculations also showed that the theoretical results are less affected by consideration of the temperature by statistic thermodynamics and by inclusion of solvent effects by a self-consistent reaction-field method.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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