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  • Bulk organic geochemistry; Clumped isotope thermometry; palynology; pedogenic carbonate; Plant wax; stable isotope geochemistry; XRD  (1)
  • chemotaxonomy  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Here we present paleo-environmental datasets derived from early Eocene sedimentary strata in the Xining Basin, China. The sedimentary rocks were formed in a terrestrial alluvial mudflat environment and the datasets include: 1) Pollen counts, 2) Bulk rock organic carbon content and δ13C values, 3) Plant wax compound specific (C27-C33) δ13C values, 4) Bulk mineralogy X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) data and 5) Carbonate (pedogenic and vadose-grown) δ13C and δ18O values as well as clumped isotopes (∆47 values). The latter also includes temperature reconstructions derived from the ∆47 values and soil water δ18O reconstructions derived from these temperatures and the carbonate δ18O values. Individual clumped isotope measurements of sample and standard replicates are shown in: 6) Clumped isotope replicate analyses. Samples were collected during four field campaigns in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 and analyzed as part of the MAGIC project (ERC 649081) and the VeWA consortium by the LOEWE programme of the Hessen Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Arts, Germany. Samples were collected from the following outcrop sections: Bingling Shan (36.45°N, 101.98°E, 2360 m elevation), Caijia (36.62°N, 101.98°E, 2480 m elevation), Dazhai (36.44°N, 102.02°E, 2440 m elevation), East Xining (36.58°N, 101.90°E, 2285 m elevation ), Ledu (36.43°N, 102.38°E, ) and Xiejia (36.52°N, 101.87°E, 2450 m elevation).
    Keywords: Bulk organic geochemistry; Clumped isotope thermometry; palynology; pedogenic carbonate; Plant wax; stable isotope geochemistry; XRD
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: Sporopollenin is a highly resistant biopolymer that forms the outer wall of pollen and spores (sporomorphs). Recent research into sporopollenin chemistry has opened up a range of new avenues for palynological research, including chemotaxonomic classification of morphologically cryptic taxa. However, there have been limited attempts to directly integrate extant and fossil sporopollenin chemical data. Of particular importance is the impact of sample processing to isolate sporopollenin from fresh sporomorphs, and the extent of chemical changes that occur once sporomorphs enter the geological record. Here, we explore these issues using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy data from extant and fossil grass, Nitraria (a steppe plant), and conifer pollen. We show a 98% classification success rate at subfamily level with extant grass pollen, demonstrating a strong taxonomic signature in isolated sporopollenin. However, we also reveal substantial chemical differences between extant and fossil sporopollenin, which can be tied to both early diagenetic changes acting on the sporomorphs and chemical derivates of sample processing. Our results demonstrate that directly integrating extant and late Quaternary chemical data should be tractable as long as comparable sample processing routines are maintained. Consistent differences between extant and deeper time sporomorphs, however, suggests that classifying fossil specimens using extant training sets will be challenging. Further work is therefore required to understand and simulate the effects of diagenetic processes on sporopollenin chemistry.
    Description: Natural Environment Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270
    Description: H2020 European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
    Keywords: 560.47 ; sporopollenin ; pollen ; chemotaxonomy ; seed plants ; diagenesis ; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy
    Type: article
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