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  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (8)
  • Brassica  (6)
  • Brassica oleracea  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 23 (1993), S. 1079-1085 
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Brassica ; Solanum ; stigma ; style ; self-incompatibility ; multigenic family
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In this study, the tissue printing technique has been used to rapidly localize in female tissues the presence of specific mRNA representing the products (or some of the products) of the self-incompatibility S-locus gene(s). The methodology, initially developed for Brassica oleracea (sporophytic self-incompatibility) has been successfully employed on Solanum chacoense (gametophytic self-incompatibility). In the Brassica system tissue printing has allowed rapid discrimination between S alleles belonging to class 1 (dominant types) vs. class 2 (recessive types), and thus parallels findings obtained by restriction analyses. In the Solanum system the level of the S-RNase messages was analysed by scanning laser densitometry, and it was found that the message levels of the allele S14 declined faster than those coming from S13 in mature flowers.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Brassica ; class II S haplotypes ; self-compatibility ; self-incompatibility ; SLG glycoproteins ; specific anti-SLG antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Brassica, the S-locus glycoprotein (SLG) gene has been strongly implicated in the self-incompatibility reaction. Several alleles of this locus have been sequenced, and accordingly grouped as class I (corresponding to dominant S-alleles) and class II (recessive). We recently showed that a self-compatible (Sc) line of Brassica oleracea expressed a class II-like SLG (SLG-Sc) gene. Here, we report that the SLG-Sc glycoprotein is electrophoretically and immunochemically very similar to the recessive SLG-S15 glycoprotein, and is similarly expressed in stigmatic papillae. Moreover, by seed yield analysis, we observe that both alleles are associated with a self-compatibility response, in contrast with the other known recessive S haplotypes (S2 and S5). By genomic DNA blot analysis, we show the existence of molecular homologies between the Sc and S15 haplotypes, but demonstrate that they are not identical. On the other hand, we also report that the S2 haplotype expresses very low amounts of SLG glycoproteins, although it exhibits a self-incompatible phenotype. These results strongly question the precise role of the SLG gene in the molecular mechanisms that control the self-incompatibility reaction of Brassica.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Brassica ; Pistil specific gene ; Pollination ; Self-incompatibility ; S-locus glycoproteins ; Transmitting tissue
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Brassica, self-incompatibility has been correlated with S-locus glycoproteins (SLG) localized at the site of pollen rejection, the stigmatic papillae. In this paper we present immunocytochemical evidence that during development of the pistil SLG proteins accumulate not only in the stigmatic papillae, but also in the transmitting tissue of stigma, style and ovary, along the pathway followed by the pollen tube. This observation was confirmed by the biochemical characterization of stylar and ovarian SLG proteins and by the detection of SLG transcripts in style/ovary tissues by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Thus we demonstrate similarities between the pattern of SLG gene expression in Brassica (sporophytic self-incompatibility system) and that of S products in Nicotiana (gametophytic self-incompatibility system) which may reflect relationships between the self-incompatibility systems. An active role of SLG gene products during the pollen-tube growth in the pistil is discussed.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 466-472 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica oleracea ; Self-incompatibility ; S-locus ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Anther
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is particularly well suited for the detection of rare sequences. Taking advantage of the recent isolation of sequences associated with stigma self-incompatibility inBrassica oleracea, we used PCR amplifications with primers synthesized to the S6 cDNA sequence, to demonstrate the presence of mRNA homologous to stigmaS-locus gene (SLG) in anthers during early microsporogenesis. In addition, otherS-locus-related (SLR) sequences were shown to be transcribed in sexual as well as in vegetative tissues (roots, leaves), suggesting that the SLG family might be involved not only in pollen-stigma recognition, but more generally in various forms of plant cell signalling processes. This information corroborates the recent discovery of a cDNA-deduced protein kinase from maize roots, whose extracellular receptor displays high homology withBrassica S-locus-specific glycoproteins.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 70 (1985), S. 628-633 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide ; Relative humidity ; Brassica oleracea ; Pollen-pistil interactions ; Self compatibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The events of the progamic phase of fertilization have been monitored by in vitro experiments in self compatible (SC), partial self-incompatible (PSI) and self incompatible (SI) lines. The duration of the progamic phase is about 30 h. Treatment with low concentrations of CO2 (3 to 5%) at high relative humidity (rH, 100%) had the following effects: pollen quality, which declines normally during flower ageing, was prematurely reduced; pollen adhesion and germination, both low in SI matings, were increased; the stigma callose response in SI matings was reduced to the low level of SC matings; and the number of pollen tubes in the style after SI matings significantly increased. CO2 concentrations of 4 to 6% applied for 8, 16 or 24 h at 100% rH proved to be the most effective treatment for blocking the SI response in cauliflower.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Brassica ; Flower ; Self-incompatibility ; S locus glycoprotein ; S locus receptor kinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new member of the S gene family,SLR3 (S-Locus Related 3), was identified inBrassica oleracea. This gene had a novel pattern of expression compared with previously described members of the family, being expressed in petals, sepals and vegetative apices, in addition to stigmas and anthers. Moreover, use ofSLR3-derived probes in RNA blot and RACE-PCR (rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction) experiments has identified transcripts of genes closely related toSLR3 in leaves, cotyledons and, at high levels in developing anthers.SLR3 is not linked to theS locus but is linked to two or three closely related genes. Sequence analysis of theSLR3 gene indicates that it is derived from an ancestral receptor kinase gene that has been modified by a series of deletion events. As a result of these modifications,SLR3 is predicted to encode a secreted glycoprotein lacking both transmembrane and kinase domains. The putativeSLR3 protein differs from the products of most other S gene family members in that several of the highly conserved cysteines have been lost. Within theS gene family, modification of receptor kinase genes by deletion may represent a general mechanism for the generation of genes encoding secreted glycoproteins.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 124 (1985), S. 168-174 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Pollen ; Brassica ; Sperm cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In mature viable pollen ofBrassica oleracea, the pair of sperm cells and the nucleus of the vegetative cell are linked to form a structured unit we term the male germ unit. The sperm cells are held within a common periplasm and have no cell walls. Each sperm cell has a central globular body containing the nucleus surrounded by several evaginations which provide the means for linkage between them. One sperm cell, usually that closest to the nucleus of the vegetative cell contains most of mitochondria profiles (plastids are absent). This sperm cell appears to be linked by its protoplasmic evaginations to the envelope of the vegetative nucleus. The role of this unit in interactions with the female gametic complex is considered.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Brassica oleracea ; immunochemical analysis ; self-incompatibility ; S locus glycoprotein ; SSCP ; stigma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The self-incompatibility reaction of cruciferous plants prevents self-fertilization and has been shown to be controlled by at least two genes situated at a single multiallelic locus, theS locus. One of these two genes, theS locus glycoprotein (SLG) gene, encodes an abundant glycoprotein secreted to the cell wall of stigma papillae. Identification of thoseS alleles present at theS locus is of prime interest when studying the self-incompatibility response and can be achieved by identifying the SLG of the stigma. Here, we show that using anti-SLG antibodies in an immunochemical analysis, combined with a SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) approach to characterize the corresponding stigma-specific, SLG mRNA, allowed the identification of plants heterogeneous at theS locus among populations of plants that were thought to be homozygous for known SLG alleles. This analysis stresses the importance of testing the homozygosity at theS locus of lines considered inbred for a knownS allele as mix-up of seeds may occur during the breeding programme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 255 (1997), S. 514-524 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Antisense ; Brassica ; Flower ; Self-incompatibility ; S locus receptor kinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gene expression can be inhibited by antisense RNA transcripts. Although this phenomenon is widely used to analyse gene function in plants, the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. One approach to improving our understanding of antisense gene regulation is to analyse the function of endogenous antisense transcripts. To date, only a small number of plant genes have been shown to be transcribed in both directions and limited information is available concerning the role of natural antisense transcripts in plants. In this study, we have identified several natural antisense transcripts which hybridise to probes derived from the S locus receptor kinase gene (SRK). The RNase protection assay and reverse trancriptase-PCR were used to demonstrate that a proportion of the antisense transcripts are encoded directly by SRK. Using different RNase protection probes, regions of the promoter, exon I (which encodes the S domain) and intron I of SRK were shown to be transcribed in an antisense direction. An antisense SRK transcript was shown to inhibit translation of a sense transcript in vitro. The possible role of antisense SRK transcripts in vivo is discussed.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: During the first four years of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Photovoltatic Program, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Low-Cost Solar Array (LSA) Project purchased about 400 kW of photovoltaic modules for test and experiments. In order to identify, report, and analyze test and operational problems with the Block Procurement modules, a problem/failure reporting and analysis system was implemented by the LSA Project with the main purpose of providing manufacturers with feedback from test and field experience needed for the improvement of product performance and reliability. A description of the more significant types of failures is presented, taking into account interconnects, cracked cells, dielectric breakdown, delamination, and corrosion. Current design practices and reliability evaluations are also discussed. The conducted evaluation indicates that current module designs incorporate damage-resistant and fault-tolerant features which address field failure mechanisms observed to date.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Reliability; R-31; Aug. 198
    Format: text
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