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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone density in white Brazilian women: Rapid loss at the time around the menopause (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 186-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone mineral density ; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ; Osteoporosis ; Menopause
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and proximal femur (neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanter) in 417 normal women (aged 20–79) living in São Paulo, Brazil. Bone density decreased with age at all sites. At the spine, the greatest decrease occurred during the sixth decade, with an average 11.4% bone loss compared with the previous decade. Stratifying the subjects according to menopausal status revealed that the fastest bone occurred at the time around the menopause (ages 45–60) when the rate of bone loss (-0.66%/year) was almost twice as rapid as in postmenopausal women (-0.39%/year). Although significant linear rates of bone loss were detected in all proximal femur sites before the menopause, a menopause-dependent pattern was less evident that at the spine. Lifetime rates of bone loss at the appendicular skeleton were-0.43,-0.62, and-0.35%/year at the femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanteric area, respectively. After the menopause, BMD declined with menopausal age at all sites, although the rate of bone loss was faster at the femoral neck (-0.62%/year) and Ward's triangle (-0.84%/year) than at the spine-0.49%/year). The results are consistent with the notion that in women, the fastest bone loss occurs at the time round the menopause, most likely consequent to ovarian failure; and that faster rates of bone loss are detected at the proximal femur than at the lumbar spine in late postmenopausal women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298607
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ipriflavone improves bone density and biomechanical properties of adult male rat bones (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone mineral density ; Bone quality ; Vibration damping ; Impact strength ; Bone turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To assess the potential impact of ipriflavone on the biomechanical properties and mineral composition of bone, we administered two doses (200 or 400 mg/kg bw) of the drug orally to adult male rats for 1 month. Bone biomechanics were evaluated by vibration damping, an index of strain energy loss, and impact strength (the amount of energy required to fracture after a single impact). At the higher dose, ipriflavone significantly decreased vibration damping of rat femurs by 23.0±9.8% compared with control, vehicle-treated animals, suggesting a higher capacity to withstand dynamic stress. This result was confirmed by the impact strength studies showing that a higher energy (49.6±21.3% above control) was required to fracture femurs of rat treated with 400 mg/kg bw ipriflavone. The high dose of ipriflavone increased bone mineral density, assessed by both volume displacement and ash analysis (4.2% and 2.5% above controls, respectively). The relative content of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in the ashes was not different among the treated and untreated groups, indicating that no gross abnormalities in mineral composition of bone occurred after ipriflavone administration. Similarly, there were no differences in serum calcium and magnesium levels between treated and control animals at the end of the study, whereas lower circulating phosphorus levels were detected in the latter. Ipriflavone treatment was not associated with significant changes in serum alkaline phosphatase nor type I collagen telopeptide levels, two markers of bone turnover. In summary, 1-month treatment with ipriflavone increased bone density and improved the biomechanical properties of adult rat male bones without altering mineral composition. These results lend support to the use of ipriflavone in osteoporotic syndromes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298613
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