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  • 1
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: UV Irradiation of 3-oxocyclopent-1-enyl acetate (17) and acetylene in MeCN at 0° gives, besides the product of normal enone-alkyne [2 + 2] cycloaddition (cis-4-oxobicyclo[3.2.0] hept-6-en-1-yl acetate, 18) and its product of oxa-di-π-methane rearrangement (5-oxotricyclo[4.1.0.02,7]hept-2-yl acetate, 19), unexpected products of further addition of a molar equivalent of acetylene. These are indanone ( = 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one, 16), in 21% yield, cis-1-cisoid-1,2-cis-2- (20) and cis-1-transoid-1,2-cis-2-7-oxotricyclo[4.3.0.02,5]non-3-en-1-yl acetate (21), 4-oxo-7-‘exo’-vinyltricyclo[3.2.0.02,6]hept-2-yl acetate (22), cis-4-oxo-6-‘endo’- (23) and cis-4-oxo-6-‘exo’-vinylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept-1-yl acetate (24), and cis-4-oxo-7-‘exo’-vinylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept-1-yl acetate (25). At least in part, indanone must be formed via intermediates 20 and 21. In fact, on heating a 9:1 mixture 20/21, indanone is obtained quantitatively. With 3-oxocyclopent-1-ene-1-carbonitrile (15) in place of 17, indanone is formed in lower (8%) yield besides much tars.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Authentic α-santolinenone ( = (+)-(4R)-1(7)-p-menthen-2-one; (+)-1) is made available for the the first time in 30% overall yield from (+)-(4R)-p-menthene ((+)-2) via the diastereoisomeric allylic alcohols (+)-4a/(+)-4b, which are oxidized to (+)-1 with Ag2CO3/Celite. Yields are good, except for the last stage; indeed, only alcohol (+)-4a, with equatorial OH-group, undergoes oxidation, and (+)-1 is partly substracted via a hetero Diels-Alder dimerization giving a mixture of the diastereoisomeric dihydropyrans (+)-5a/(+)-5b. When Cr(VI) reagents ae used, (+)-4a/(+)-4b mainly give phellandral (6) and carvotanacetone (7), NnO2 reacts too sluggishly with (+)-4a/(+)-4b. A camphor pyrolyzate, previously thought to be 1 must be a different compound, probably 7.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1,4-addition of vinylmagnesium bromide/CuBr-SMe2 to (+)-(4s)-cryptone ((+)-6) in THF in the presence of Me3SiCI gives the silylenol ether 7 which partly undergoes hydrolysis to ketone 8 on aqueous workup; residual 7 is hydrolyzed with pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate (PyTsOH) to give 8 which is protected in situ with ethylene glycol and then ozonolized to give aldehyde (—)-10. The latter, on addition of 3-lithiofuran followed by dehydration and deprotection with Py TsOH, gives the unnatural (4S)-enantiomer (+)-2 of noroxopenlanfuran. All processes, except 11 → (+)-2, are of good yield. On the basis of previous chemical transformations, this also establishes the (4R)-configuration for penlanfuran ((-)-1) and other sesquiterpenoids of the sponge Dysidea fragilis from the North-Brittany sea. Non viable routes to (±)-noroxoperlanfuran ((±)-2) are also discussed.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The crystal structure of a glycopeptide antibiotic A-40926 aglycone was investigated by X-ray analysis at -120°. A-40926 crystallises in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with two monomers in the asymmetric unit, a = 21.774(4), b = 28.603(7), c = 29.757(4) Å. ‘Conventional’ direct methods approach failed to solve the structure, but a novel iterative real/reciprocal space procedure was successful. Refinement against 11248 F2 data led to R1 = 13.3% for 6770 F 〉 4σ (F). The two monomers of A-40926 have similar conformations and are bound by antiparallel H-bonds to form a ‘chain’ structure of connecting dimers. The antibiotic molecule possesses a ‘binding pocket’ for the C-terminal carboxy group of the cell-wall protein, which is consisten with suggestions based on NMR data and the recently reported crystal structure of ureido-balhimycin. In A-40926 the monomers are polymerically linked by H-bonds, quite unlike the tight dimer formation observed in ureido-balhimycin.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 836-841 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental design to estimate the parameters in a Monod-type equation from batch culture data was examined. Consideration was given to the design of experiments to estimate accurate values of the parameters. Sequential experimental design with the information index was used for this purpose. With this approach the standard deviation of the parameter values was reduced using simulated batch culture data.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 3 (1991), S. 257-262 
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: chiral photochemistry ; excitation transfer ; optical activation ; circular dichroism ; dissymmetry factor ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The physics involved in photochemistry with circularly polarized light, the warnings on its inherent limitations, as well as some examples of application on organic molecules are briefly reviewed.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Dinitrothiophene ; Ring-opening ; Dinitrobutadienes ; Pyrrolidines ; Pyrroles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The reactions between 1,4-diaryl-2,3-dinitro-1,3-butadienes 1a-d and primary alkylamines gave high yields of N-alkyl-2,5-diaryl-3-alkylamino-4-nitropyrrolidines 2 as pure all-trans diastereomers via an unusually favoured 5-endo-trig ring closure. The stereochemistry of compounds 2 has been attributed through an X-ray crystal structure analysis of the acetyl derivative 5 of 2ai. Amine elimination from 2 gave the N-alkyl-2,5-diaryl-3-nitro-3-pyrrolines 3 which could be easily aromatized to the corresponding pyrroles 4.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1811-1820 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Phosphanyl-amine ; Phosphanyl-imine ; Palladium ; Organometallic complexes ; Crystal structure ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New neutral organometallic palladium(II) complexes, [PdPhI(PNMe2)] (1), [PdPhI(PC=NMe)] (2), [PdPhI(PC=NEt)] (3), and [PdMeCl(PNMe2)] (4), {PNMe2 means N,N-dimethyl-2-(diphenylphosphanyl)aniline; PC=NMe means N-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzylidene]-N-methylamine; PC=NEt means N-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzylidene]-N-ethylamine} have been synthesized by oxidative addition of PhI to [Pd(dba)2] in the presence of the P∩N ligand (1-3), or by substitution reaction on [PdMeCl(COD)] with PNMe2 (4). Cationic σ-organometallic species [PdR(PPh3)(P∩N)]+ are obtained upon treating complexes of the type [PdRX(P∩N)] with PPh3 and AgCF3SO3 and consist predominantly of the trans-P,P isomer in CDCl3 solution, as shown by NMR spectroscopic studies. The cationic η3-allyl complex [Pd(η3-all)(PNMe2)]PF6 has also been prepared and characterized, both in solution and in the solid state. Compounds [PdPhI(PNMe2)] (P21/n), [PdPhI(PC=NMe)] (P1¯), [PdPhI(PC=NEt)] (P1¯), and [Pd(η3-all)(PNMe2)]PF6 (P1¯) have been authenticated by X-ray analysis
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 431-435 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: 3,4-Dinitrothiophene ring-opening ; Dinitrobutadienes ; Dinitrooctatetraenes ; Cycloisomerization ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -The reactions between 1,4-bis(diethylamino)-2,3-dinitro-1,3-butadiene (2), easily obtainable by ring-opening of 3,4-dinitrothiophene with diethylamine, and 2-substituted vinylmagnesium bromides gave good yields of the 4,5-dinitro-1,3,5,7-octatetraene derivatives 3a-e. With 1-phenylmagnesium bromide, conversely, only 3,4-dinitro-1,4-diphenyl-1,3,5-cyclooctatriene (4f) was obtained. From the unsubstituted dinitrooctatetraene 3a both the octatriene cycloisomer 4a and the valence tautomer of the latter (6a) could be isolated and characterized. The results obtained evidence an unfavourable effect of the two nitro groups on the cycloisomerization process of the octatetraene system.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: bioluminescence ; adrenalin ; noradrenalin ; photophores ; HPLC ; mesopelagic fish ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The presence of adrenalin (E) and noradrenalin (NE) was found by HPLC both in the photophores and at other tissue levels of numerous species of mesopelagic fish in The Strait of Messina, with the aim of determining the incidence of these catecholamines in photophores, in light transmission and the eventual presence at other tissue levels. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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