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  • Articles  (74)
  • Chemistry  (74)
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  • Physics  (74)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and some properties of anthracene and anthraquinone incorporated poly(vinyl chloride) and the ion exchange resin therefrom (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1641-1651 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly(vinyl chloride) has been modified by chlorine displacement reaction with 2-anthrol and anthraquinone-2-ol. The condensates (PVC-ACOL and PVC-AQOL) are insoluble in all solvents common to PVC and have been characterized by elemental and IR spectra analysis. The initial decomposition temperature of these condensates follow the trend: PVC-AQOL (250°C) 〉 PVC-ACOL (200°C) 〉 PVC(190°C) and the overall thermal stabilities beyond 60% decomposition follows the same trend. Permittivity and dielectric loss of these condensates sharply fall with increasing applied frequency (10-1.3 ×107 Hz) to a limiting constant value. In contrast, for unmodified PVC these values are low and remain independent of frequency in the same range. Sulfonation of these PVC condensates affords a weak acid resin with —COOH and —OH ionogenic groups, but no strong sulfonic acid groups due presumably to oxidative degradation of the PVC matrix.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070380905
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and thermal stability, dielectric, and conductivity characteristics of polymers with pendant and backbone anthracene sulfonyl groups (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 2489-2498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Anthracene-mono- and disulfonyl derivatives of polystyrene and poly (N-vinylcarbazole) have been prepared and the thermal stability, dielectric, and conductivity of these polymer pendant sulfones have been evaluated. The anthracene-based benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and biphenyl copolysulfones have also been prepared and characterized in regard to the above-cited properties. Interesting variations in these properties between these two classes of polymers carrying pendant and backbone sulfonyl groups have been noted and rationalised from structural considerations.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420914
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer blend: A novel method for the preparation of a natural rubber-carboxylated nitrile rubber blend (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 1007-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Bis(diisopropyl)thiophosphoryl disfulfide (DIPDIS) can be successfully used to form a blend comprising polar carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) and nonpolar NR through a chemical link between the two. It is revealed from the study that the physical properties of the vulcanizates obtained from the NR-XNBR blend could be significantly improved by the judicious selection of the NR:XNBR ratio. These properties can further be improved by two-stage vulcanization as described in the procedure. The SEM study reveals that it is possible to form a coherent blend of NR and XNBR in the presence of DIPDIS. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520801
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thiophosphoryl disulfides: Novel coupling agents for styrene-butadiene rubber/carboxylated nitrile rubber blends (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 981-993 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thiophosphoryl disulfide was successfully used as a novel coupling agent to form a coherent blend comprising polar carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) and nonpolar styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) establishing close proximity between them through chemical bridging. The study reveals that XNBR in the presence of thiophosphoryl disulfide greatly improves the physical properties of SBR and thus acts as a reinforcing filler. It is noted that the physical properties of the vulcanizates obtained from the SBR-XNBR blend depend upon the SBR : XNBR ratio and the mode of cure. SEM studies corroborate the observed facts. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070580604
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and thermal stability, dielectric and conductivity characteristics of some aromatic anhydride-modified carbazole polymers (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 1989-1995 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Copolycondensates have been prepared from carbazole, poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and various aromatic anhydrides, e.g., phthalic anhydride, trimellitic acid anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride, naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride in presence of the Friedel-Crafts catalyst anhydrous zinc chloride at high temperature. The polymers have been characterized by elemental analyses and IR spectroscopy. Thermal stabilities, dielectric, and conductivity behaviors of these polymers have also been evaluated and it has been observed that these properties show interesting differences depending upon the nature of the anhydride.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420724
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer by anchoring ferric-dipyridylamine complex (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 46 (1992), S. 1453-1460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) copolymer was modified by anchoring dipyridylamine (DPA) on it followed by complexation with Fe(III). Under the experimental conditions followed, 9% incorporation of Fe(III) was achieved. PS-DVB-DPA and PS-DVB-DPA-Fe(III) were characterized by IR spectra. Diffuse reflectance spectra for PS-DVB-DPA-Fe(III) and DPA-Fe(III) revealed λmax at ∼ 360 and ∼ 310, respectively. This difference could be due to a difference in the nature of the coordinating moieties complexing with Fe(III) in these two systems. Scanning electron micrographs of PS-DVB, PS-DVB-DPA-Fe(III), and heat-treated PS-DVB-DPA-Fe(III) revealed some typical surface features. Thermal stability varied in the order PS-DVB-DPA-Fe(III) 〉 PS-DVB-DPA ≅PS-DVB, and DTA showed characteristic exotherms. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070460816
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability, morphological, dielectric, and conductivity characteristics of pyrrole modified poly-N-vinyl carbazole (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 49 (1993), S. 2189-2196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: N-vinyl-Carbazole (NVC) has been polymerized in the presence of pyrrole (PY) by anhydrous ferric chloride. The copolymer has been characterized by IR Spectroscopy. Thermal stability of P(PY-NVC) is intermediate between that of PNVC and PPY, respectively. DSC reveals a single glass transition break at 180-200°C for P(PY-NVC), which is higher than the Tg for polypyrrole (∼ 165°C), but is lower than that for PNVC (∼ 227°C). The XRD analysis reveals PPY to be totally amorphous and shows the percent crystallinity for P(PY-NVC) to be less than that of PNVC. Dielectric constants of the polymers follow the trend: PPY 〉 P(PY-NVC) 〉 PNVC, and fall sharply with the applied frequency to a limiting value. The polymers are characterized by a broad dielectric relaxation. DC conductivity is dependent on temperature and FeCl3/polymer mole ratio and at a particular temperature follows the trend: PPY 〉 P(PY-NVC) 〉 PNVC. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070491215
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical modification of of polypyrrole. I. Preparation and structural characterization of polypyrrole electrophically substituted with phthalic anhydride and pyromellitic dianhydride (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 843-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polypyrrole (PPY) prepared in ether and in aqueous medium has been modified by polycondensation with phthalic anhydride (PA) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) in presence of Friedel-Crafts catalysts such as anhydrous zinc chloride and anhydrous ferric chloride at high temperature. The substitution reaction between PPY and the anhydrides presumably proceeds by intra-and interchain resulting in the formation of intractable products. The characterstic carbonyl absorption band expected for C—O and diketone groups in the proposed structure for the polycondensates has been observed in spectra of the anhydride-modified poly-condensates. XRD pattern of the polycondensates is totally amorphous. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070540702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cure synergism in XNBR vulcanization in presence of thiophosphoryl disulfides and amine disulfide/thiazole accelerators (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 (1996), S. 1349-1359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The study deals with the vulcanization of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) having synergistic combinations of accelerators comprising thiophosphoryl disulfide as one of the components. Other constituent accelerators employed in the present investigation are 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), 2-mercaptobenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), bis(N-oxydiethylene)disulfide (ODDS), N-oxydiethylene 2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (OBTS), etc. The binary combinations of thiophosphoryl disulfides with OBTS exhibited the highest mutual activity in the respective areas, so far as the physical properties are concerned. Structural characterization of different thiophosphoryl disulfide-accelerated XNBR vulcanizates, including those formed from the synergistic combinations with OBTS, were studied using a methyl iodide probe. It was found that the amount of sulfidic crosslinks arising from the reaction between —COOH groups of XNBR and thiophosphoryl disulfides, actually controls the network structure as wellas the physical properties of the vulcanizates. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic degradation of sol rubber in solution (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 2653-2659 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Sol rubber dissolved in three solvents - cyclohexane, petroleum ether (40-60°C. fraction), and toluene - was degraded by ultrasonic waves, the degradation kinetics being followed by measuring spectrophotometrically the consumption of the free radical scavenger α,α′-diphenyl-β-picryl hydrazyl. The kinetic data have been examined by the rate equations developed from two different approaches: one by Jellinek and the other by Ovenall. It has been observed that the number of bonds broken as a function of time can be fitted equally well by both equations in the initial stage, but as the time of degradation increases, especially when the number-average degree of polymerization attains a value less than 3Pe/2, the rate can be described better by Jellinek's equation than that of Ovenall. The rate constants K and the final degree of polymerization for rubber are found to depend on the nature of the solvent.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1964.070080613
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