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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (90)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (39)
  • Chemical Engineering  (26)
  • Mechanical Engineering  (19)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some morphological and ultrastructural changes in the ependyma of the amputation stump during early regeneration of the tail in the lizard, Anolis carolinensisSupported by grants from the American Cancer Society, the National Institutes of Health and the Multiple Sclerosis Society. (1973)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 140 (1973), S. 257-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Light and electron microscope studies indicate that the old ependyma just proximal to the plane of amputation in early lizard tail regenerates shows a sequence of morphological changes which suggests that it as well as the new ependyma growing into the regenerate may play an active role in the initiation and maintenance of early tail regeneration.The old ependyma close to the plane of amputation undergoes hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia causing a partial closure of the central canal and pseudostratification. Its nuclei shift from an original apical position to a basal one. The ependymal processes become more prominent and extend to the pia, a condition not found more rostrally. There is also a significant increase in the amount of Golgi substance and a moderate increase in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. These observations lead to the thought that these cellular changes may be an expression of enhanced secretion and other activities in the old and new ependyma just proximal or distal to the plane of amputation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051400302
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The leucocytes and leucocytopoietic organs of an oligochaete, pheretima indica (Horst) (1929)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 47 (1929), S. 435-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The perivisceral fluid of Pheretima indica (Horst) contains five types of leucocytes: lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, lamprocytes, and linocytes. The granulocytes differentiate either from free lymphocytes, from peritoneal epithelial cells lining the leucocytopoietic organs, or from lymphocytes (hemocytoblasts) embedded in these organs. The lymphocyte is a hemocytoblast. The eosinophilic granulocyte is the most numerous of the several types of granulocytes. Morphologically and tinctorially, it resembles the eosinophil of fishes. The eosinophil granule is thought to arise either by a ripening of a basophil granule and to pass through a metachromatic phase during this process, or by being formed immediately without such a ripening process in small hemocytoblasts. The stimulus for the excessive production of eosinophils is thought to be the degree of infection of the leucocytopoietic organs by a species of the gregarine, Monocystis.A series of segmentally arranged leucocytopoietic organs is described for the first time in the oligochaetes. These organs are essentially foldings of the septa and offer sacculations in which leucocytopoiesis may take place.A discussion of the possible phylogeny of the hemocytopoietic organs of the invertebrates and vertebrates is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050470205
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hypophysectomies and thyroxine replacement upon the initiation of tail regeneration in the lizard, Anolis carolinensisSupported by grants to M. Singer from the American Cancer Society, the National Institutes of Health and the Multiple Sclerosis Society. (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 137 (1972), S. 449-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A histological evaluation of the effects of hypophysectomy and throxine therapy in young tail regenerates was carried out in the small iguanid lizard, Anolis c. carolinensis. Hypophysectomy caused a delay but did not inhibit blastema formation. The growth of the ependyma into the wound region was delayed in hypophysioprivic regenerates by about a week.Growth and differentiation of hypophysioprivic regenerates after blastema formation was variable, ranging from virtually no growth to the formation of a differentiated but very small protuberance. However, actual tail elongation was inhibited by hypophysectomy. In those hypophysioprivic regenerates that did show signs of differentiation, muscle groups were poorly defined, scanty in appearance and not as well differentiated as the cartilage tube.Thyroxine treatment in the young hypophysioprivic regenerates stimulated normal growth and normal appearance and differentiation of promuscle and procartilage aggregates as well as the growth of the ependymal tube into the blastema.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051370405
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of mathematical tools for metabolic design of microbial ethanol production (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 58 (1998), S. 154-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: central carbon pathways ; metabolic optimization ; ethanol production ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Many attempts to engineer cellular metabolism have failed due to the complexity of cellular functions. Mathematical and computational methods are needed that can organize the available experimental information, and provide insight and guidance for successful metabolic engineering. Two such methods are reviewed here. Both methods employ a (log)linear kinetic model of metabolism that is constructed based on enzyme kinetics characteristics. The first method allows the description of the dynamic responses of metabolic systems subject to spatiotemporal variations in their parameters. The second method considers the product-oriented, constrained optimization of metabolic reaction networks using mixed-integer linear programming methods. The optimization framework is used in order to identify the combinations of the metabolic characteristics of the glycolytic enzymes from yeast and bacteria that will maximize ethanol production. The methods are also applied to the design of microbial ethanol production metabolism. The results of the calculations are in qualitative agreement with experimental data presented here. Experiments and calculations suggest that, in resting Escherichia coli cells, ethanol production and glucose uptake rates can be increased by 30% and 20%, respectively, by overexpression of a deregulated pyruvate kinase, while increase in phosphofructokinase expression levels has no effect on ethanol production and glucose uptake rates. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 58:154-161, 1998.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisense strategies for glycosylation engineering of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 59 (1998), S. 445-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: CHO cells ; glycosylation engineering ; antisense ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Novel glycoproteins, inaccessible by other techniques, can be obtained by metabolic engineering of the oligosaccharide biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, alteration of cell-surface oligosaccharides can change the properties of receptors involved in cell-cell adhesion. Sialyl Lewis X (sLex) is a cell-surface oligosaccharide determinant which is specifically expressed on granulocytes and monocytes and which interacts with selectins to influence leukocyte trafficking, thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer. Antisense technology targeting fucosyltransferase VI (Fuc-TVI), an enzyme necessary for the synthesis of the sLex in engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, has reduced Fuc-TVI activity, sLex synthesis, and adhesion to endothelial cells. Antisense methodology to reduce targeted activity in oligosaccharide biosynthesis or other pathways is an important addition to CHO cell metabolic engineering capabilities. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 59:445-450, 1998.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of microtubules in random cell migration: Stabilization of cell polarity (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 27 (1994), S. 88-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cell movement ; speed ; persistence time ; colcemid ; alveolar macrophage ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The role of microtubules in random cell migration was investigated using time-lapse videomicroscopy to record in vitro the shape and motile behavior of guinea pig alveolar macrophages before and after disrupting microtubules with colcemid. Cell migration was quantified in terms of directional persistence time and speed. Motility was also correlated with morphological polarity: cells having a single lamellipodal region (monopolar cells) migrated, whereas those lacking a lamellipod (apolar cells) or with opposing lamellipodal regions (bipolar cells) did not migrate. Within 2 hours, colcemid caused a shift in polarity from 80% monopolar cells to 40% monopolar and 40% bipolar cells and a corresponding decrease from 80% to 40% in the fraction of migrating cells. Mean persistence time and speed decreased only slightly (approximately 20%) for those cells (still monopolar) which continued to migrate in the presence of colcemid. Persistence time and speed actually increased for many individual cells, indicating that random migration did not require intact microtubules. We conclude that colcemid treatment destabilizes monopolarity, leading to the gradual loss of monopolarity and consequent inhibition of migration. While a cell remains monopolar, it will continue to migrate even in the absence of intact microtubules, but microtubules are required for the long-term maintenance of cellular monopolarity and, thus, for continued motility. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970270110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggregation kinetics in salt-induced protein precipitation (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1779-1790 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of protein aggregation in salt-induced precipitation processes were studied as a function of salt type, salt concentration, temperature and protein concentration. α-chymotrypsin (αCT) was used as a model protein. Stopped-flow turbidimetry was used to monitor the progress of precipitations. Analysis of the linear portions of the turbidity trajectories indicates that temperature and salt concentration effects are related to protein solubility; the protein concentration dependence is well described by the Smoluchowski collision equation. The aggregation kinetics of partially-inhibited αCT exhibit poisoning behavior, underscoring the importance of dimerization and monomer addition in the precipitation of αCT. Solute particle radius distributions determined via dynamic laser light scattering for low salt and supernatant αCT solutions indicated that significant aggregation does not occur in the absence of supersaturation. A detailed population balance model was proposed that accounted for specific and nonspecific interactions and monomer addition. The model is expected to find general application to protein aggregation phenomena, in particular for proteins that have specific quaternary interactions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of inlet conditions on scalar statistics in pipe mixing (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 1947-1954 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Recent experimental validation of theoretical and numerical predictions regarding scalar variance decay in a pipe have revealed that the traditional plug-flow reactor picture of pipe flow omits key physical mechanisms. In particular, the far-field decay exhibits a power law rather than exponential decay. These observations are examined by performing a set of experiments where the manner in which the scalar constituents are introduced into the pipe is varied. Significant differences are noted in the behavior of the variance decay until the very far field is reached, where an invariant power-law form emerges.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430804
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of purification reactions for minimizing reaction-generated enzyme poisoniong (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 1249-1265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model has been employed to examine the interplay of reaction and mass transfer in immobilized enzyme systems involving reaction-generated enzyme poisons. Deactivation rates can be significantly reduced in some cases by catalyzing a purification reaction in which the poison is transformed into an innocuous substance. This conclusion is illustrated experimentally for reaction-generated H2O2 in a continuous-flow stirred slurry reactor containing glucose oxidase immobilized on activated carbon.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200810
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of fermentation processes using flow microfluorometry: Amylase and protease activities in Bacillis subtilis batch cultures (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 1657-1669 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Flow microfluorometry, which provides detailed information on the state of a microbial population, has been employed to characterize the Bacillus subtilis population during time intervals in which significant changes in the culture amylase activity occur. Four different batch experiments have been conducted, and the influences of inoculum age, fermentation temperature, and aeration rate on microbial population dynamics and amylase activity have been examined. Relatively high rates of amylase activity increase are observed twice during the batch, first as double cells initiate sporulation and later during germination. Rapid decreases in amylase activity are observed in highly (25-50%) sporulated populations, and in at least one experiment, during a transition from large, rounded protoplast forms to normal rod morphology. Amylase and protease activities do not follow parallel nor proportional trajectories in these 72 hr batch fermentations.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260220809
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