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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 25 (1996), S. 295-302 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: UV visible spectroscopy ; donor-acceptor charge transfer band ; crown ethers ; 15C5 ; 18C6 ; B15C5 ; BI8C6 and DB24C8 ; picric acid ; effect of salt on charge transfer band ; conformation of crown ether
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The intermolecular charge-transfer spectra of seven crown ethers (CE), viz, 15C5, 18C6, B15C5, B18C6, DC18C6, and DB24C8, with picric acid (PA) were studied in the UV-visible region in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) at 298.2 K. The complex formation equilibrium constant values,K c, suggest that many factors contribute toK c, among them crown ether conformation, size and the presence of an aromatic ring in the CE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Ground-based photometric measurements of spectral sky radiation have been made using a simple filter instrument. Sky radiation intensities measured in the solar vertical at 3200 and 3600 A are compared to infer total ozone. A model of a multiple scattering Rayleigh atmosphere serves as a primary reduction parameter. Spectral measurements of all-sky radiance distribution are used to study the effects of haze and clouds on the inference of total ozone. The brightness distribution of clear and overcast sky in ultraviolet is also described.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; 31; Nov. 197
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Radiative relaxation processes of the thermal disturbances associated with planetary waves in the Antarctic stratospheric polar region have been studied by using satellite ozone measurements of the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE II) and the associated temperature data from the National Meteorological Center (NMC).
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The effects of atmospheric aerosol scattering on the vertical profile of solar ultraviolet radiation are investigated. Measurements of diffuse and total ultraviolet radiation were made using a rocketborne optical sonde in the marine atmosphere of Antigua. During observations, the sun was at zenith. Vertical profiles of directly transmitted solar radiation were calculated by subtraction of the diffuse component from the total radiance. Using these values of direct downward solar UV-flux, the optical thickness of the atmosphere was derived as a function of altitude. Absorption by ozone was also considered. In the troposphere the values of observed optical thickness were in general equal to or lower than those expected theoretically from Rayleigh scattering alone. The measured radiation profiles were compared with those computed for a multiple scattering model atmosphere. Some computations regarding the interaction of UV-sunlight with maritime aerosols are presented.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-70520 , X-651-73-349
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Comparative analyses of various stratospheric and mesospheric species, including aerosols, ions, ozone, and some minor species, are presented, based on measurements obtained from rocket, balloon, aircraft, and satellite missions. In addition, studies concerning temperature and density characteristics of the stratosphere and mesosphere are included, as well as discussions on the various sensing and measurement techniques. Finally, dynamics and turbulence measurements are examined; consideration is given to radar winds, solar X-ray and HF radiowave absorption, and ionization irregularities.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: (ISSN 0273-1177)
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Satellite ozone observations made by the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) and corresponding meteorological temperature data are used to study the radiative damping processes associated with planetary waves during stratospheric warmings. Ramanathan's model has been adapted for the radiative heating and cooling calculations. The derived infrared damping coefficients, based on observed stratospheric ozone and temperature, are compared with the Newtonian cooling coefficients of Dickinson and Fels. It is also shown that the negative correlation between temperature and ozone solar heating in the upper stratosphere accelerates the damping rate due to infrared cooling alone, in agreement with the theoretical analysis and an earlier report based on observations. In addition, it is also found in this analysis that the phase relationship between ozone and solar heating waves is characterized by its behavior in three distinct layers. In the regions above about 2 mb and also below about 10 mb, the waves are closely in-phase. Between approximately 2 and 10 mb, they show a departure from the in-phase relationship which can be attributed to the so-called 'opacity effect'. This effect significantly determines the magnitude of radiative damping.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 42; 2032-204
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