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  • PHYSICS, PLASMA  (37)
  • SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER  (26)
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural localisation of peptide-containing nerves and myocardial cells in the human atrial appendage (1988)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 254 (1988), S. 155-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuronal markers ; Neuropeptides ; Immunohistochemistry ; Heart innervation ; Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The innervation and myocardial cells of the human atrial appendage were investigated by means of immunocytochemical and ultrastructural techniques using both tissue sections and whole mount preparations. A dense innervation of the myocardium, blood vessels and endocardium was revealed with antisera to general neuronal (protein gene product 9.5 and synaptophysin) and Schwann cell markers (S-100). The majority of nerve fibres possessed neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity and were found associated with myocardial cells, around small arteries and arterioles at the adventitial-medial border and forming a plexus in the endocardium. Subpopulations of nerve fibres displayed immunoreactivity for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, somatostatin, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide. In whole-mount preparations of endocardium, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivities were found to coexist in the same varicose nerve terminals. Ultrastructural studies revealed the presence of numerous varicose terminals associated with myocardial, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity was localised to large electron-dense secretory vesicles in nerve terminals which also contained numerous small vesicles. Atrial natriuretic peptide immunoreactivity occurred exclusively in myocardial cells where it was localised to large secretory vesicles. The human atrial appendage comprises a neuroendocrine complex of peptidecontaining nerves and myocardial cells producing ANP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220029
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Pulsed electromagnetic gas acceleration fifth semiannual progress report, 1 jul. - 31 dec. 1964 (1965)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-23
    Description: Exhaust of pinched plasma from axial orifice, pulse forming network discharge studies, microwave studies, and spectroscopy of closed chamber pinch discharges
    Keywords: PHYSICS, PLASMA
    Type: NASA-CR-57570
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    The manifestation of Alfven's hypothesis of critical ionization velocity in the performance of MPD thrusters (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The role of Alfven's critical ionization velocity in the performance of the self-field MPD thruster has been investigated. The existence of a well defined characteristic velocity can be attributed to an ionization process involving the production of a population of suprathermal electrons by an electrostatic instability. It is shown that for the MPD thruster plasma, suprathermalization of electrons via this electrostatic instability can only happen if ions are initially accelerated to velocities larger than the Alfven critical ionization velocity. When this occurs the mechanism will be initiated and the ions decelerated to velocities near the critical velocity. This mechanism ceases to be limiting when all neutrals are ionized. A model of MPD thruster terminal behavior, incorporating Alfven's hypothesis, is presented. Experiments with three different propellants reveal that operation at values of the current squared to total mass flow ratio corresponding to the Alfven critical velocity is marked by a transition wherein low frequency voltage oscillations and a notable change in the voltage-current dependence occurs. One major result of this study is the demonstration that the Alfven critical velocity is not a fundamental limitation on MPD exhaust velocity.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 85-2037
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Onset phenomena in MPD thrusters (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An experimental study has clarified some aspects of MPD thruster onset phenomena. The steep increase in terminal voltage that occurs as the onset current is approached may have different causes, depending on the propellant injection geometry. For propellant injection at the cathode radius, terminal voltage increase corresponds to a growing anode fall voltage; for injection at a larger radius, the increase is related to the back emf in the near-cathode plasma. The formation of the onset current pattern within the arc has been mapped experimentally as the thruster responds to an input current step which rises from below onset to the onset value. The appearance of terminal voltage hash at onset correlates with the extension into the exhaust region of a significant fraction of the arc current.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 85-2038
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    MPD thruster performance - Propellant distribution and species effects (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Previous research has shown that MPD thruster performance, as measured by thrust, specific impulse, and efficiency, is limited by a so-called 'onset' current level. Experimental results are presented which show that the onset current level varies with the radial position of mass injection. Specifically, mass injection into either of two zones results in drastically different performance for both argon and xenon propellants. This difference in performance is evidenced by the onset current levels, the onset V-J signatures, and the overall V-J characteristics. The behavior of the thruster with the total mass flow split between the two zones follows a transition between the zonal behavioral limits. The behavior of propellant mixtures also follows a transition between the behavior of the individual propellant species. The flow region between the two zones is characterized by a particle number density discontinuity, a large axial current density, and a large electron Hall parameter, suggesting a possible correlation between observed onset phenomena and a shear-flow discontinuity located in the region between the two zones.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 85-2022
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Basic research for future electric propulsion (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is pointed out that the evolution of electric propulsion over the past two and a half decades has been constrained by the interaction of three broad factors, including the physics and dynamics of the propellants, the dynamical and logistical requirements of the mission, and the technological realities of materials, power sources, and thermal management. A projection of the future of electric propulsion requires, therefore, a simultaneous reassessment of all three factors. Aspects of mission specification and power systems are discussed, and basic research needed for future electric propulsion applications is considered. Attention is given to electrostatic propulsion, electrothermal propulsion, electromagnetic propulsion, electrothermal/electromagnetic hybrids, novel concepts, and ancillary concerns.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 85-2068
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  • 7
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    Ejection of a pinched plasma from an axial orifice. (1965)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Exhaust of pinched plasma from axial orifice involves electromagnetic current profile diffraction and thermal expansion of gas column
    Keywords: PHYSICS, PLASMA
    Type: AIAA PAPER 65-92 , /AMERICAN INST. OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Pulsed Electromagnetic Gas Acceleration Eighth Semiannual Progress Report, 1 Jan. - 30 Jun. 1966 (1966)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Pulsed electromagnetic gas acceleration
    Keywords: PHYSICS, PLASMA
    Type: NASA-CR-77643
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Electric and magnetic field distributions in a propagating current sheet. (1966)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Magnetic and electric field and current density distributions in propagating current sheet
    Keywords: PHYSICS, PLASMA
    Type: AIAA PAPER 66-200
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Pulsed electromagnetic gas acceleration Seventh semiannual progress report, 1 Jul. - 31 Dec. 1965 (1966)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Magnetic probe and ion collector study of pulsed plasma propulsion system exhaust jet plume
    Keywords: PHYSICS, PLASMA
    Type: NASA-CR-71097
    Format: application/pdf
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