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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic evidence for multiple Alu source genes (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 35 (1992), S. 7-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Alu source genes ; Humans ; Gorillas ; Retrotransposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A member of the young PV Alu sub-family is detected in chimpanzee DNA showing that the PV subfamily is not specific to human DNA. This particular Alu is absent from the orthologous loci in both human and gorilla DNAs, indicating that PV subfamily members transposed within the chimpanzee lineage following the divergence of chimpanzee from both gorilla and human. These findings and previous reports describing the transpositional activity of other Alu sequences within the human, gorilla, and chimpanzee lineages provide phylogenetic evidence for the existence of multiple Alu source genes. Sequences surrounding this particular Alu resemble known transcriptional control elements associated with RNA polymerase III, suggesting a mechanism by which cis-acting elements might be acquired upon retrotransposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160256
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering of light by films having nonrandom orientation fluctuations. II (1970)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 8 (1970), S. 1127-1136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The theory for scattering of light from films in which the orientation correlation between two scattering elements depends upon the angle β between the optic axes and the vector connecting the two elements is extended. A delta-function type dependence is assumed in which the correlation is strongest when β equals some preferred value β0. Calculated results of scattered intensities are shown to be similar to experimental observations.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1970.160080708
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic interpretation of domain structure in solvent-cast films of A-B type block copolymers of styrene and isoprenePresented before the International Symposium on Macromolecular Chemistry, Toronto, Canada, September 5, 1968. (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 1283-1301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electron microscopic textures of A-B type block copolymers of styrene and isoprene cast from several solvents were investigated by means of the osmium tetroxide fixation technique. The two-phase structure, i.e., the semimicro heterogeneous structure due to the microphase separation of block segments, was observed to change systematically with the fraction of block segments and the kind of solvent. Three types of fundamental domain structure were found. With the assumption that domain structure originates from micellar structure at a critical concentration in relatively dilute solution during solvent casting, the formation of the three types of domain structure and the sizes of their elements were treated in terms of the equilibria governing the formation of micelles at the critical concentration. This analysis takes into account such thermodynamic and molecular parameters as the incompatibility between the A and B segments, the solvation of the segments, the casting temperature, the total chain length of the block copolymer, and the weight fraction composition of the block copolymer. It was concluded that the block segments are preferentially oriented along the direction perpendicular to the interface between the two phases. This particular orientation-aggregation of the block segments must make the bulk properties of the block copolymer much different from those of merely mechanical mixtures of the corresponding homopolymers, even if the same semimicro heterogeneous structures are formed in the mechanical mixtures.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070801
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering of light from oriented polymer films. II (1970)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 8 (1970), S. 1503-1519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A statistical theory for the scattering of light from oriented polymer films is developed in terms of angularly dependent generalized correlation functions. Numerical calculations of scattering patterns are carried out for special cases. The scattering depends upon two types of distributions describing (1) the orientation distribution of optical axes of scattering elements and (2) the angular dependence of correlation in orientation between pairs of optic axes. These distributions are expanded in Fourier series (in a two-dimensional treatment), the coefficients of which are functions of elongation and describe the elongation dependence of the scattering patterns.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1970.160080907
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering of light by disordered spherulites. II. Effect of disorder in the magnitude of the anisotropy (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 9 (1971), S. 1747-1761 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The contribution to the disorder scattering by imperfect spherulites resulting from fluctuations in the magnitude of the anisotropy is analyzed for two-dimensional spherulites. The fluctuations are described in terms of a parameter characterizing the meansquare amplitude of the fluctuation and a correlation function describing the distance over which the correlation occurs. Cases considered are those where the correlation depends on either the radial or the angular separation of the scattering volume elements. As with the case of disorder in orientation, one finds that disorder in anisotropy may result in a nonzero value of intensity at μ = 0° and 90°, a decrease in the higher-order variation of scattered intensity with θ, and an increase in the intensity of scattering at higher values of θ over that for a perfect spherulite. In addition, disorder in the angular direction leads to an increase in the scattered intensity at small values of θ as compared with the zero intensity of scattering from a perfect spherulite at θ = 0°.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.160091002
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical dispersions of crystalline poly(vinyl fluoride) (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 9 (1971), S. 2095-2097 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.160091112
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering of light by deformed disordered spherulites (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 9 (1971), S. 517-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The change in the light-scattering patterns upon deforming two-dimensional disordered spherulites is shown to arise from four effects occurring upon stretching: (1) the change in shape of the spherulite, (2) the change in average orientation of the optic axes of the scattering volume elements, (3) the change in deviation of the optic axis orientation angle from its average value, and (4) the change in the distance over which this deviation is correlated. The effects of these contributions upon the experimental scattering patterns are analyzed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.160090310
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution properties of high molecular weight polystyrene (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 12 (1974), S. 871-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of polystyrenes with weight-average molecular weight M̄w up to 1.3 × 107 was prepared by anionic polymerization in tetrahydrofuran (THF). Each sample was characterized by gel-permeation chromatography, light scattering, and viscometry. It was found that each sample had an almost symmetrical and very narrow molecular weight distribution (M̄w/M̄n 〈 1.07). The mean-square unperturbed radius of gyration 〈S2〉0 was determined in trans-decalin at 20.4°C as 〈S2〉0 = 7.86 × 10-18M̄w (cm2). The particle scattering factor was well represented by the Debye equation irrespective of solvent in the range of M̄w 〈 4 × 106, and only a small deviation was observed in benzene at higher molecular weights. The penetration function Ψ ≡ A2M2/4π3/2NA〈S〉23/2 was found to approach a relatively low asymptotic value of 0.21-0.23 at molecular weights above 2 × 106 in benzene at 30°C, where A2 is the second virial coefficient and NA is Avogrado's number. It was also found that the theta temperature in trans-decalin was affected by the nature of polymer samples. A difference of about 3°C in the theta temperature was observed between two series of anionic polystyrenes, one prepared in THF and the other in benzene, but there was practically no difference in unperturbed chain dimension.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.180120503
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel permeation chromatography of star-branched polymers (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 13 (1975), S. 1849-1854 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.180130917
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-resolution gel-permeation chromatography (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 11 (1973), S. 2329-2337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The resolution attainable in gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) was investigated by using columns packed with polystyrene gel particles of about 5 μ diameter and mixtures of two monodisperse poly-α-methylstyrene samples studied previously. The resolution of GPC was found comparable to that of the sedimentation velocity method and slightly better than that of precipitation chromatography. Standard polystyrene samples obtained from Pressure Chemical Co. also were measured with the same columns. It was found that weight-average to number-average molecular weight ratios (M̄w/M̄n) of these samples with molecular weight in the range 97,000-411,000 are smaller than 1.006. For samples with molecular weight of 10,000-51,000 and 498,000-860,000, M̄w/M̄n is larger than 1.006, and the width of molecular weight distributions of these samples differed. In particular, molecular weight distributions of samples with molecular weights 19,800 and 51,000 were shown to be bimodal. It is therefore concluded that GPC is useful for samples of very narrow molecular weight distribution if high-resolution columns are used.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.180111203
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