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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ueber das Leuchten des menschlichen Körpers nach dem Tode, nebst Versuchen über die Ursache dieser Erscheinung (1838)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 14 (1838), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.18380140131
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ueber das Leuchten des menschlichen Körpers nach dem Tode, nebst Versuchen über die Ursache dieser Erscheinung (1838)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 14 (1838), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.570140131
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  • 3
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    Volume Ice Radiolysis in the Outer Solar System (2006)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: The primary energy flux of charged particle components of the heliospheric and magnetospheric environments of the solar system is primarily carried by highly penetrating energetic particles. Although laboratory experiments on production of organics and oxidants typically only address effects on very thin surface layers, energy deposition occurs on surfaces of icy bodies of the outer solar system to meters in depth. Time scales for significant radiolytic deposition vary from thousands of years at millimeter depths on Europa to billions of years in the meters-deep regolith of Kuiper Belt Objects. Radioisotope decay (e.g., K-40) also contributes to volume radiolysis as the only energy source at much greater depths. Radiolytic oxygen is a potential resource for life within Europa and a partial source of oxygen for Saturn's magnetosphere and Titan's upper atmosphere. Interactions of very high energy cosmic rays with ices at Titan's surface may provide one of the few sources of oxidants in that highly reducing environment. The red colors of low-inclination classical Kuiper Belt Objects at 40-50 AU, and Centaur objects originating from this same population, may arise from volume radiolysis of deep ice layers below more refractory radiation crusts eroded away by surface sputtering and micrometeoroid impacts. A variety of techniques are potentially available to measure volume radiolysis products and have been proposed for study as part of the new Space Physics of Life initiative at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The technique of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) has been used in medical studies to measure oxidant production in irradiated human tissue for cancer treatment. Other potential techniques include optical absorption spectroscopy and standard wet chemical analysis. These and other potential techniques are briefly reviewed for applicability to problems in solar system ice radiolysis and astrobiology.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: 2006 Joint Assembly Meeting; May 23, 2006 - May 26, 2006; Baltimore, MD; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Saturn Magnetospheric Impact on Surface Molecular Chemistry and Astrobiological Potential of Enceladus (2008)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: The active south polar surface of Enceladus is exposed to strong chemical processing by direct interaction with charged plasma and energetic particles in the local magnetospheric environment of this icy moon. Chemical oxidation activity is suggested by detection of H202 at the surface in this region and less directly by substantial presence of C02, CO, and N2 in the plume gases. Molecular composition of the uppermost surface, including ejecta from plume activity, is radiolytically transformed mostly by penetrating energetic electrons with lesser effects from more depleted populations of energetic protons. The main sources of molecular plasma ions and E-ring dust grains in the magnetospheric environment are the cryovolcanic plume emissions from Enceladus. These molecular ions and the dust grains are chemically processed by magnetospheric interactions that further impact surface chemistry on return to Enceladus. For example, H20 neutrals dominating the emitted plume gas return to the surface mostly as H30+ ions after magnetospheric processing. Surface oxidant loading is further increased by return of radiolytically processed ice grains from the E-ring. Plume frost deposition and micrometeoroid gardening protect some fraction of newly produced molecular species from destruction by further irradiation. The evident horizontal and vertical mobility of surface ices in the south polar region drive mixing of these processed materials into the moon interior with potential impacts on deep ice molecular chemistry and plume gas production. Similarly as suggested previously for Europa, the externally driven source of radiolytic oxidants could affect evolution of life in any subsurface liquid water environments of Enceladus.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: 2008 American Geophysical Union Meeting; Dec 13, 2008 - Dec 21, 2008; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Isolation, purification, and full NMR assignments of cyclopamine from Veratrum californicum (2021)
    In:  cooperge@musc.edu | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14914 | 403 | 2014-03-10 17:55:40 | 14914 | United States National Ocean Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: The Hedgehog signaling pathway is essential for embryogenesis and for tissue homeostasis in the adult. However, it may induce malignancies in a number of tissues when constitutively activated, and it may also have a role in other forms of normal and maladaptive growth. Cyclopamine, a naturally occurring steroidal alkaloid, specifically inhibits the Hedgehog pathway by binding directly to Smoothened, an important Hedgehog response element. To use cyclopamine as a tool to explore and/or inhibit the Hedgehog pathway in vivo, a substantial quantity is required, and as a practical matter cyclopamine has been effectively unavailable for usage in animals larger than mice.
    Description: Article includes 6 pages.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 12
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and Synthesis of 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1156-1176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Based on the substrate specificity for 5-lipoxygenase and the known stereochemical course of the reaction, a hypothetical model of the enzyme active site was developed and used to design 2 types of selective inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase. Both inhibitor types used aromatic rings in place of (Z)-olefins of the substrate and were designed to mimic the nonpolar end of arachidonic acid. One inhibitor type used a carboxylic-acid interaction with the O-binding centre of the enzyme in analogy with known cyclooxygenase inhibitors, whereas a second type employed a hydroxylamine function to interact with a presumed tyrosine or cysteinyl radical predicted to be in the enzyme active site. Selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors were 7-(hexyloxy) naphthalene-2-acetic acid (1) and N-methyl;-N(7-propoxynaphthalene-2-ethyl)hydroxylamine (2). Structure-activity relationships for both types of inhibitors are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19880710528
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (Benzo[4, 5]cyclohepta[l, 2-b]thiophen-4-ylidene)acetic Acids: Novel Non-ulcerogenic Antiinflammatory Agents (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 73 (1990), S. 1197-1204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Compound (Z)-8a has been found to display interesting antiinflammatory activity. In order to prepare derivatives with a wide variety of substituents in the aromatic part of the molecule, a new synthesis of the key intermediates 9a-g was developed starting from thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (11) and substituted benzyl bromides. The conversion of 9a-g to 10a-g follows a known procedure. Ketones 10a-g, on reaction with alkyl (dialkoxy-phosphoryl)acetate, followed by isomer separation and alkaline ester hydrolysis, yielded the desired derivatives (Z)-8a-g and (E)-8a-g. The biologically most interesting compound (Z)-8a is currently undergoing clinical trials.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19900730507
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and properties of polybutadiene- and polyether-polyurethane zwitterionomers (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 184 (1983), S. 651-668 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Two series of polyurethane zwitterionomers based on 4,4′-methylene-di(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI), N-methyl diethanolamine (MDEA)Systematic IUPAC name: 2,2′-(methylimino)diethanol., and either 1350 molecular weight hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene or 1000 molecular weight poly(tetramethylene oxide)Systematic IUPAC name: poly(oxytetramethylene). were synthesized. Zwitterionization was accomplished by quaternizing the tertiary amine of MDEA with 1,3-pro-panesultone. In Both series, IR analysis suggests that the sulfonate ion SO3- associates with the counter ion on the chain extender and the acidic hydrogen of the urethane linkage. Ammonium sulfonation shifts the soft segment Tg of polyether-based material to lower temperatures suggesting that ionization improves microphase separation. The soft segment Tg of the polybutadiene system is unaffected by ionization. IR dichroism measurements show that with increasing ammonium sulfonation both the hard and soft segments in the polyether-polyurethane zwitterionomers orient to a greater extent with deformation. In contrast, in the poly-butadiene-based zwitterionomers the orientability of the hard segment decreased with ionization while the soft segment showed significant chain alignment. Coupling the dichroism measurements to stress-strain results suggests that the hard segment domains of the polyether-polyurethane system possess more of an interconnected structure, while the polybutadiene-poly-urethane system contains hard segment domains which are largely isolated. The formation of different morphologies in the two systems of zwitterionomers may be due to the different interdomain surface tensions.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1983.021840318
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A small angle neutron scattering study of an oligo(oxytetramethylene) (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 2429-2435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Small angle neutron scattering experiments were performed on a blend of deuterated and protonated hydroxyl terminated oligo(oxytetramethylene)s. The oligomer had a number-average molecular weight of 1000. The experimental data were fitted to a Debye function in order to obtain the radius of gyration of the chains. The measured radius of gyration, which was corrected for molecular weight distribution, was found to compare well with the values reported in the literature for poly(oxytetramethylene) in a theta solvent, as measured by viscosity methods and extrapolated to a molecular weight of 1000. Thus, this short oligomeric species has a random coil configuration. The weight-average molecular weight determined from the SANS data was 1540, compared with a value of 1450 determined from high performance liquid chromatography. This implies that no isotopic segregation of the deuterated and protonated species occurs.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1984.021851120
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of network segment density from compression modulus measurements on swollen elastomersPresented at the 17th north american thermal analysis society conference oct. 9-12, 1988, orlando, fla. (1990)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 1591-1594 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The characterization of network segment density of elastomers is discussed. Normally equilibrium solvent swelling is used as long as the polymer-solvent interaction parameter χ is available. However, χ is often not known or may be a function of the network segment density, or composition for a polymer whose structure is changed upon aging. The technique of measuring the modulus in tension or compression on solvent-swollen samples allows the network segment density to be calculated from the theory of rubber elasticity. This circumvents the problems associated with the solvent swelling technique. The modification of a commercially available thermomechanical analyzer is described, to enable compression modulus measurements on solvent swollen elastomers to be performed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760302406
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