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  • Chemistry  (100)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (27)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (13)
  • Astrophysics  (12)
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (12)
  • Mice  (10)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muscle differentiation and macromolecular synthesisThis investigation was supported by grant HD-00047 from the National Institutes of Health. (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 72 (1968), S. 19-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cytodifferentiation of skeletal muscle has been studied in cell cultures derived from leg muscle of 12-day chicken embryos. Myogenesis in cell culture closely simulates myogenesis in vivo, but is more highly synchronized. Massive cell fusion occurs in control cultures between the second and third days in vitro, during which time most of the myoblasts are swept into syncytia. On successive days, the syncytia mature into cross-striated muscle fibers, and the cultures are progressively overgrown by fibroblastic cells. Myosin-containing cells can be detected at any time by immunofluorescence, and myosin has been measured by quantitative immunological precipitation as early as 3 days in vitro, a few hours after fusion. Myosin in the cultures increases over the next few days, and this is reflected in the rate of incorporation of labeled amino acids into immunologically precipitable myosin. Creatine kinase, assayed spectrophotometrically by linked dehydrogenase reactions, shows a similar pattern: measurable early but rapidly increasing in activity after fusion. That this increase in myosin and creatine kinase is strictly a function of the multinuclear cells is demonstrated by experiments in which the mononuclear cell population has been drastically reduced by treatment with 5-fluorodeoxyuridine shortly after fusion. Myosin synthesis has not been detectable in cells prevented from fusing by growth in 5-bromo-deoxyuridine, but low levels of creatine kinase have been demonstrated. Newly formed muscle fibers incorporate precursors into RNA at lower rates than do mononuclear cells. The relationship of this change in RNA synthesis to the formation of muscle proteins remains obscure.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040720404
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the development, succession and replacement of teeth in the frog Hyla cinerea (1961)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 109 (1961), S. 279-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051090305
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektrolytische Trennungen (1893)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 3 (1893), S. 415-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1778
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.18930030149
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contributions of the β-subunit to spectrin structure and function (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 12 (1989), S. 248-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: ankyrin ; adducin ; protein 4.1 ; correlation length ; flexural rigidity ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The three avian spectrins that have been characterized consist of a common α-subunit (240 kD) paired with an isoform-specific β-subunit from either erythrocyte (220 or 230 kD), brain (235 kD), or intestinal brush border (260 kD). Analysis of avian spectrins, with their naturally occurring “subunit replacement” has proved useful in assessing the relative contribution of each subunit to spectrin function. In this study we have completed a survey of avian spectrin binding properties and present morphometric analysis of the relative flexibility and linearity of various avian and human spectrin isoforms. Evidence is presented that, like its mammalian counterpart, avian brain spectrin binds human erythroid ankyrin with low affinity. Cosedimentation analysis demonstrates that (1) avian erythroid protein 4.1 stimulates spectrin-actin binding of both mammalian and avian erythrocyte and brain spectrins, but not the TW 260/240 isoform, (2) calpactin I does not potentiate actin binding of either TW 260/240 or brain spectrin, and (3) erythrocyte adducin does not stimulate the interaction of TW 260/240 with actin.In addition, a morphometric analysis of rotary-shadow images of spectrin isoforms, individual subunits, and reconstituted complexes from isolated subunits was performed. This analysis revealed that the overall flexibility and linearity of a given spectrin heterodimer and tetramer is largely determined by the intrinsic rigidity and linearity of its β-spectrin subunit. No additional rigidity appears to be imparted by noncovalent associations between the subunits. The scaled flexural rigidity of the most rigid spectrin analyzed (human brain) is similar to that reported for F-actin.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970120406
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hexafluoro-2-hydroxy-2-propyl-modified polyisoprene blends (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1817-1827 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymer blends ; hydrogen bonding ; miscibility ; phase behavior ; equilibrium constants ; hexafluoroisopropanol groups ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dimensionless equilibrium constants describing the self-association of the hexafluoro-2-alkyl-2-propanol group have been determined from infrared spectroscopic data. Corresponding values of these equilibrium constants for a fully modified polyisoprene containing the hexafluoroisopropanol group (PHFPI) were calculated by taking into account differences in the molar volume of the model and the specific repeat unit of the polymer. Equilibrium constants describing the inter-association of PHFPI with methacrylate, acrylate, and acetoxy type carbonyl groups were obtained from spectroscopic studies of miscible PHFPI blends with poly(n-butyl methacrylate), poly(methyl acrylate), and an ethylene-co-vinyl acetate copolymer containing 70 wt% vinyl acetate. The set of equilibrium constant values were then used to calculate theoretical miscibility windows for the complete range of PHFPI blends with poly(n-alkyl methacrylate)s and four copolymers, ethylene-co-methyl methacrylate, styrene-co-methyl acrylate, ethylene-co-methyl acrylate, and ethylene-co-vinyl acetate. Experimental infrared studies confirm the general validity of the predicted miscibility windows. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080321003
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of models for hydrogen bonding in polymer blends (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1189-1193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320622
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equilibrium constants and the prediction of miscibility windows for polymer blends containing poly(tetrafluoroethylene-alt-vinyl alcohol) (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 2039-2056 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: blends ; hydrogen bonding ; miscibility ; phase behavior ; equilibrium constants ; fluoropolymers ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Theoretical calculations of miscibility windows for binary polymer blends in which one component is an essentially alternating copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and vinyl alcohol (FVOH) are reported. FVOH has an inherently low solubility parameter [≈ 6.2 (cal. cm-3)0.5] that is outside the range commonly encountered in miscible polymer blends and thus represents a stringent test of the predictive capabilities of an association model we have used in previous work. The application of this model requires that we determine dimensionless equilibrium constants describing the self-association of a model compound 3,4-pentafluorobutan-2-ol (PFB) at 25°C from infrared spectroscopic data. Analogous equilibrium constants for FVOH were scaled from those of PFB by taking into account differences in the molar volume of the model and the specific repeat of the copolymer (see M. M. Coleman, J. F. Graf, and P. C. Painter: Specific Interactions and the Miscibility of Polymer Blends, Technomic, Lancaster, PA, 1991). Equilibrium constants describing the inter-association of FVOH with ester type carbonyl groups were obtained from spectroscopic studies of miscible blends with poly(ethyl methacrylate). These equilibrium constant values were then used to calculate theoretical miscibility windows for the complete range of blends of FVOH with polymethacrylates, ethylene-co-methyl acrylate, styrene-co-methyl acrylate, and ethylene-co-vinyl acetate copolymers. Experimental results performed in our laboratories confirm the general validity of the predicted miscibility windows. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310811
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Commentary: Reflections on “General theory of stationary random sequences with applications to the tacticity of polymers,” by Bernard D. Coleman and Thomas G Fox, J. Polym. Sci. A, 1, 3183 (1963) (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1631-1632 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.836
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General theory of stationary random sequences with applications to the tacticity of polymersPaper presented at the 142nd Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 1962. (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1635-1649 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When, in a poly-α-olefin, the probability that a given placement be isotactic depends upon the tacticity of only a finite number of immediate predecessors, the resulting diastereosequence distribution obeys the theory of Markoff chains. When this is not the case, one says that the resulting diastereosequence distribution is non-Markoffian. A special case of a Markoffian distribution is given by a simple Markof chain in which the tacticity of a given placement is assumed to be affected by only the tacticity of the immediately preceding placement. Another special case is, of course, the Bernoulli trial distribution in which the probability that a given placement be isotactic is independent of the tacticity of all other placements. A high resolution NMR spectrum can sometimes yield a quantitative determination of the concentrations of isotactic and syndiotactic placements and the concentrations of the three types of possible adjacent pairs of such placements (i.e., isotactic, syndiotactic, and heterotactic pairs). When this is the case, the spectrum can be used to determine whether or not a given diastereosequence distribution is Bernoullian. However, because the longest diastereosequences whose concentration can be measured by NMR spectroscopy involve only two placements, an NMR spectrum cannot check whether a given non-Bernoullian distribution be simple Markoffian or Markoffian in general. In fact, non-Markoffian distributions are compatible with existing NMR spectra on polymers prepared by anionic polymerizations. In this paper we work within the framework of Kac's theory of stationary statistical processes and point out some general results which are valid for both Markoffian and non-Markoffian processes. The results are applied to NMR spectroscopy and it is pointed out which calculations used to check the self-consistency of NMR data and to obtain the mean length of closed diastereosequences are valid for both Markoffian and non-Markoffian distributions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.838
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional diversity among spectrin isoforms (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 12 (1989), S. 225-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: spectrin ; ankyrin ; protein 4.1 ; membrane skeleton ; spectrin-filament interaction ; fodrin ; adducin ; calpactin I ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this review on spectrin is to examine the functional properties of this ubiquitous family of membrane skeletal proteins. Major topics include spectrin-membrane linkages, spectrin-filament linkages, the subcellular localization of spectrins in various cell types and a discussion of major functional differences between erythroid and nonerythroid spectrins. This includes a summary of studies from our own laboratories on the functional and structural comparison of avian spectrin isoforms which are comprised of a common alpha subunit and a tissue-specific beta subunit. Consequently, the observed differences among these spectrins can be assigned to differences in the properties of the beta subunits.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970120405
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