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  • 1
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    Stardust Encounters Comet 81P/Wild 2 (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: Stardust successfully encountered comet 81P/Wild 2 on 2 January 2004 at a distance of 236.4 +/- 1 km. All encounter investigations acquired valuable new and surprising findings. The time-of-flight spectrometer registered 29 spectra during flyby and measured the first negative ion mass spectra of cometary particles. The dust detectors recorded particles over a broad mass range, 10(exp -11) to 10(exp -4) g. Unexpectedly, the dust distribution along Stardust's flight path was far from uniform, but instead occurred in short 'bursts', suggesting in-flight breakup of fragments ejected from the nucleus. High-resolution, stunning images of the Wild 2 surface show a diverse and complex variety of landforms not seen from comets 1P/Halley and 19P/Borrelly or icy satellites of the outer solar system. Longer-exposure images reveal large numbers of jets projected nearly around the entire perimeter of the nucleus, many of which appear to be highly collimated. A triaxial ellipsoidal fit of the Wild 2 nucleus images yields the principal nucleus radii of 1.65 X 2.00 X2.75 km (+/- 0.05 km). The orientations and source locations on the nucleus surface of 20 highly collimated and partially overlapping jets have been traced. There is every indication that the expected samples were successfully collected from the Wild 2 coma and are poised for a return to Earth on 15 January 2006.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: Journal Of Geophysical Research; Volume 109
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Exozodiacal Dust Workshop (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The purpose of the workshop was to understand what effect circumstellar dust clouds will have on NASA's proposed Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) mission's ability to search for terrestrial-sized planets orbiting stars in the solar neighborhood. The workshop participants reviewed the properties of TPF, summarized what is known about the local zodiacal cloud and about exozodiacal clouds, and determined what additional knowledge must be obtained to help design TPF for maximum effectiveness within its cost constraint. Recommendations were made for ways to obtain that additional knowledge, at minimum cost. The workshop brought together approximately 70 scientists, from four different countries. The active participants included astronomers involved in the study of the local zodiacal cloud, in the formation of stars and planetary systems, and in the technologies and techniques of ground- and space-based infrared interferometry. During the course of the meeting, 15 invited talks and 20 contributed poster papers were presented, and there were four working sessions. This is a collection of the invited talks, contributed poster papers, and summaries of the working sessions.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: NASA/CP-1998-10155 , A-98-10813 , NAS 1.55:10155 , Exozodiacal Dust Workshop; Conference Proceedings|Exozodiacal Dust Workshop; Oct 23, 1997 - Oct 25, 1997; Moffett Field, CA; United States
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  • 3
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    The Osiris-Rex Mission - Sample Acquisitions Strategy and Evidence for the Nature of Regolith on Asteroid (101955) 1999 RQ36 (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: NASA selected the OSIRIS-REx Asteroid Sample Return Mission as the third New Frontiers mission in May 2011 [I]. The mission name is an acronym that captures the scientific objectives: Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer. OSIRIS-REx will characterize near-Earth asteroid (101955) 1999 RQ36, which is both the most accessible carbonaceous asteroid [2,3] and one of the most potentially hazardous asteroids known [4]. The primary objective of the mission is to return a pristine sample from this bod, to advance our understanding of the generation, evolution, and maturation of regolith on small bodies.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: GSFC.ABS.6358.2012 , Comets and Meteors 2012 Conference; May 16, 2012 - May 20, 2012; Niigata; Japan
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  • 4
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    Status of the Stardust ISPE and the Origin of Four Interstellar Dust Candidates (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Some bulk properties of interstellar dust are known through infrared and X-ray observations of the interstellar medium. However, the properties of individual interstellar dust particles are largely unconstrained, so it is not known whether individual interstellar dust particles can be definitively distinguished from interplanetary dust particles in the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector (SIDC) based only on chemical, mineralogical or isotopic analyses. It was therefore understood from the beginning of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination (ISPE) that identification of interstellar dust candidates would rest on three criteria - broad consistency with known extraterrestrial materials, inconsistency with an origin as secondary ejecta from impacts on the spacecraft, and consistency, in a statistical sense, of observed dynamical properties - that is, trajectory and capture speed - with an origin in the interstellar dust stream. Here we quantitatively test four interstellar dust candidates, reported previously [1], against these criteria.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: JSC-CN-25743 , 43rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 19, 2012 - Mar 23, 2012; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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  • 5
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    Lessons Learned from Three Recent Sample Return Missions (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: We share lessons learned from participation on the Science Teams and Recovery/Preliminary Examination/Curation teams for three recent sample return missions: (1) the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF), which returned to Earth with interplanetary dust and spacecraft debris particles in 1990, (2) the Stardust Mission, which returned grains from comet Wild-2 and fresh interstellar dust to Earth in 2006, and (3) the Hayabusa Mission, which returned regolith grains from asteroid Itokawa in 2010.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: JSC-CN-22580 , The Importance of Solar System Sample Return Missions to the Future of Planetary Science; Mar 05, 2011 - Mar 06, 2011; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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  • 6
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    Triple F - A Comet Nucleus Sample Return Mission (2008)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Triple F (Fresh From the Fridge) mission, a Comet Nucleus Sample Return, has been proposed to ESA's Cosmic Vision program. A sample return from a comet enables us to reach the ultimate goal of cometary research. Since comets are the least processed bodies in the solar system, the proposal goes far beyond cometary science topics (like the explanation of cometary activity) and delivers invaluable information about the formation of the solar system and the interstellar molecular cloud from which it formed. The proposed mission would extract three sample cores of the upper 50 cm from three locations on a cometary nucleus and return them cooled to Earth for analysis in the laboratory. The simple mission concept with a touch-andgo sampling by a single spacecraft was proposed as an M-class mission in collaboration with the Russian space agency ROSCOSMOS.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: GSFC.JA.6407.2012 , Experimental Astronomy; 23; 3; 809-847
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  • 7
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    Evidence for Changes in 81PIWild 2 Organic Matter Since Collection and Comparison of 82PIWild 2 and IDP Organic Matter to Access the Thermal Effects of Aerogel Capture (2009)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: NASA s Stardust spacecraft collected cometary material during its passage through the dust coma of comet 81P/Wild 2 on January 2nd, 2004 and delivered this material to Earth on January 15th 2006. The first fragment we analyzed during the preliminary examination was partially vaporized by the X-ray beam. The carbonaceous material that survived was re-analysis approx.2 months later and the carbon spectrum for this material had significantly changed from what we first observed.. We have observed similar changes to the carbonaceous matter in some interplanetary dust particles ( IDPs). Some of the 81P/Wild 2 organic matter volatilized upon impact with the aerogel as observed using IR spectroscopy where IR spectra were collected several mms away from sample tracks [1]. The time-temperature profile experienced by any particular 81P/Wild 2 grain during aerogel capture is not known, although Brownlee, et al. suggest that fine-grained materials, 〈1 micron in size, fragmented and then partially vaporized during collection, while particles much larger then 1 micron in size were captured intact [2]. Nearly all organic matter is subject to thermal alteration. To assess the heating and alteration experienced by the 81P/Wild 2 organic matter during capture we are comparing 81P/Wild2 organic matter with IDP organic matter where we have evidence of heating in the IDP [3,4].
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: JSC-17992 , 40th Lunar Planetary Science Conference; Mar 23, 2009 - Mar 27, 2009; Houston, TX; United States
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