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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1988), S. 639-642 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: biphenylacetic acid ; plasma and synovial fluid concentrations ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma and synovial fluid concentrations of biphenylacetic acid were determined following application of 3 g of 3% biphenylacetic acid gel to one knee of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The mean peak plasma concentration was 34 ng/ml. Synovial fluid concentrations tended to follow plasma concentrations but at a somewhat lower level, the mean peak synovial fluid concentration was 21 ng/ml. The average ratio of synovial fluid AUC (0–24 h) to plasma AUC (0–24 h) was 0.58, r=0.97. Where patients had bilateral effusions, the concentration in the ipsilateral knee at each time point examined was not significantly different to that in the contralateral knee, suggesting that absorption was initially into the plasma and subsequently into the synovium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 161-169 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: mebendazole ; hydatid disease ; Echinococcus granulosus ; hepatic disease ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentrations of mebendazole and its metabolites have been monitored in twelve patients after receiving a 10 mg/kg dose for cystic hydatid disease. The mebendazole plasma concentration-time profiles differed considerably between patients; elimination half-lives ranged from 2.8–9.0 h, time to peak plasma concentration after dosing ranged from 1.5–7.25 h and peak plasma concentrations ranged from 17.5 to 500 ng/ml. The mean peak plasma concentration of mebendazole after an initial dose (69.5 ng/ml) was lower than found in patients during chronic therapy (137.4 ng/ml). The plasma AUCTs for the major metabolites of mebendazole (methyl 5-(α-hydroxybenzyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamate and 2-amino-5 benzoylbenzimidazole) were about five times the plasma AUCT found for mebendazole in patients on chronic therapy. It is suggested that the slower clearance of these polar metabolites relative to mebendazole results from enterohepatic recycling. Since mebendazole is also highly plasma protein bound, caution should be observed in administering mebendazole to patients with liver disease. Concentrations of mebendazole found in the tissue and cyst material collected from two patients during surgery ranged from 59.5 to 206.6 ng/g wet weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Danaus plexippus ; monarch butterflies ; Lepidoptera ; Danaidae ; Asclepiadaceae ; milkweeds ; Asclepias syriaca ; Asclepias speciosa ; ecological chemistry ; chemical defense ; cardenolides ; aspecioside ; desglucosyrioside ; syriobioside ; overwintering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The majority (85%) of 394 monarch butterflies sampled from overwintering sites in Mexico contain the same epoxy cardenolide glycosides, including most conspicuously a novel polar glycoside with a single genin-sugar bridge (aspecioside), as occur in the milkweedsAsclepias speciosa andA. syriaca. This cardenolide commonality was established by isolating aspecioside and syriobioside from the wings of overwintering monarchs and the two plant species, and comparing Chromatographie and NMR spectrometric characteristics of the isolates. When combined with the migratory pattern of monarchs and the distribution of these two milkweed species, this chemical evidence lends strong support to the hypothesis thatA. syriaca is the major late summer food plant of monarchs in eastern North America. This finding may be of ecological importance, forA. syriaca contributes less cardenolide and cardenolides of lower emetic potency to monarchs than most milkweeds studied to date.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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