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  • 1
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    Oxysterols direct immune cell migration via EBI2 (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-29
    Description: Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2, also known as GPR183) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is required for humoral immune responses; polymorphisms in the receptor have been associated with inflammatory autoimmune diseases. The natural ligand for EBI2 has been unknown. Here we describe the identification of 7alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol (also called 7alpha,25-OHC or 5-cholesten-3beta,7alpha,25-triol) as a potent and selective agonist of EBI2. Functional activation of human EBI2 by 7alpha,25-OHC and closely related oxysterols was verified by monitoring second messenger readouts and saturable, high-affinity radioligand binding. Furthermore, we find that 7alpha,25-OHC and closely related oxysterols act as chemoattractants for immune cells expressing EBI2 by directing cell migration in vitro and in vivo. A critical enzyme required for the generation of 7alpha,25-OHC is cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H). Similar to EBI2 receptor knockout mice, mice deficient in CH25H fail to position activated B cells within the spleen to the outer follicle and mount a reduced plasma cell response after an immune challenge. This demonstrates that CH25H generates EBI2 biological activity in vivo and indicates that the EBI2-oxysterol signalling pathway has an important role in the adaptive immune response.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4297623/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4297623/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hannedouche, Sebastien -- Zhang, Juan -- Yi, Tangsheng -- Shen, Weijun -- Nguyen, Deborah -- Pereira, Joao P -- Guerini, Danilo -- Baumgarten, Birgit U -- Roggo, Silvio -- Wen, Ben -- Knochenmuss, Richard -- Noel, Sophie -- Gessier, Francois -- Kelly, Lisa M -- Vanek, Mirka -- Laurent, Stephane -- Preuss, Inga -- Miault, Charlotte -- Christen, Isabelle -- Karuna, Ratna -- Li, Wei -- Koo, Dong-In -- Suply, Thomas -- Schmedt, Christian -- Peters, Eric C -- Falchetto, Rocco -- Katopodis, Andreas -- Spanka, Carsten -- Roy, Marie-Odile -- Detheux, Michel -- Chen, Yu Alice -- Schultz, Peter G -- Cho, Charles Y -- Seuwen, Klaus -- Cyster, Jason G -- Sailer, Andreas W -- R01 AI040098/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jul 27;475(7357):524-7. doi: 10.1038/nature10280.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Euroscreen S.A., 6041 Gosselies, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21796212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects/immunology ; Humans ; Hydroxycholesterols/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Liver/chemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*immunology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Sheep ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Tissue-engineered lungs for in vivo implantation (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-26
    Description: Because adult lung tissue has limited regeneration capacity, lung transplantation is the primary therapy for severely damaged lungs. To explore whether lung tissue can be regenerated in vitro, we treated lungs from adult rats using a procedure that removes cellular components but leaves behind a scaffold of extracellular matrix that retains the hierarchical branching structures of airways and vasculature. We then used a bioreactor to culture pulmonary epithelium and vascular endothelium on the acellular lung matrix. The seeded epithelium displayed remarkable hierarchical organization within the matrix, and the seeded endothelial cells efficiently repopulated the vascular compartment. In vitro, the mechanical characteristics of the engineered lungs were similar to those of native lung tissue, and when implanted into rats in vivo for short time intervals (45 to 120 minutes) the engineered lungs participated in gas exchange. Although representing only an initial step toward the ultimate goal of generating fully functional lungs in vitro, these results suggest that repopulation of lung matrix is a viable strategy for lung regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640463/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640463/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petersen, Thomas H -- Calle, Elizabeth A -- Zhao, Liping -- Lee, Eun Jung -- Gui, Liqiong -- Raredon, MichaSam B -- Gavrilov, Kseniya -- Yi, Tai -- Zhuang, Zhen W -- Breuer, Christopher -- Herzog, Erica -- Niklason, Laura E -- HL 098220/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL098220/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL098220-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL098220-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007171/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007171-26/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 30;329(5991):538-41. doi: 10.1126/science.1189345. Epub 2010 Jun 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20576850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bioreactors ; Detergents ; Endothelial Cells/cytology/physiology ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/physiology ; *Extracellular Matrix/physiology ; Humans ; *Lung/blood supply/cytology/physiology ; Lung Compliance ; Lung Transplantation ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli/blood supply/ultrastructure ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; *Regeneration ; Respiratory Mucosa/cytology ; Tissue Engineering/*methods ; Tissue Scaffolds
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    EBI2 augments Tfh cell fate by promoting interaction with IL-2-quenching dendritic cells (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-07
    Description: T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subset of T cells carrying the CD4 antigen; they are important in supporting plasma cell and germinal centre responses. The initial induction of Tfh cell properties occurs within the first few days after activation by antigen recognition on dendritic cells, although how dendritic cells promote this cell-fate decision is not fully understood. Moreover, although Tfh cells are uniquely defined by expression of the follicle-homing receptor CXCR5 (refs 1, 2), the guidance receptor promoting the earlier localization of activated T cells at the interface of the B-cell follicle and T zone has been unclear. Here we show that the G-protein-coupled receptor EBI2 (GPR183) and its ligand 7alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol mediate positioning of activated CD4 T cells at the interface of the follicle and T zone. In this location they interact with activated dendritic cells and are exposed to Tfh-cell-promoting inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) ligand. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine that has multiple influences on T-cell fate, including negative regulation of Tfh cell differentiation. We demonstrate that activated dendritic cells in the outer T zone further augment Tfh cell differentiation by producing membrane and soluble forms of CD25, the IL-2 receptor alpha-chain, and quenching T-cell-derived IL-2. Mice lacking EBI2 in T cells or CD25 in dendritic cells have reduced Tfh cells and mount defective T-cell-dependent plasma cell and germinal centre responses. These findings demonstrate that distinct niches within the lymphoid organ T zone support distinct cell fate decisions, and they establish a function for dendritic-cell-derived CD25 in controlling IL-2 availability and T-cell differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Jianhua -- Lu, Erick -- Yi, Tangsheng -- Cyster, Jason G -- AI40098/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI040098/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 May 5;533(7601):110-4. doi: 10.1038/nature17947.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. ; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27147029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/cytology/*immunology ; Female ; Germinal Center/immunology ; Hydroxycholesterols/metabolism ; Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein/metabolism ; Interleukin-2/*immunology ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/biosynthesis/chemistry/deficiency/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Mice ; Plasma Cells/immunology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Solubility ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*cytology/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Investigation of long term storage effects on aerospace nickel-cadmium cell performance (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A study on evaluation of the long term storage effects on aerospace nickel-cadmium cells currently being performed at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) is described. A number of cells of 6 Ah and 12 Ah capacities which were stored in shorted condition for 8 to 9 years at the GSFC were selected for this study. These cells will undergo electrical acceptance testing the the GSFC, and life cycling at the NASA Battery Test Facility at the Naval Weapons Facility at the Naval Weapons Support Center (NWSC) in Crane, Indiana; in addition, some cells from the study will undergo destructive analyses.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The 1985 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop (date]; p 249 - 254
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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