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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (26)
  • Anemia, Aplastic/therapy  (1)
  • Carrier Proteins/*physiology  (1)
  • 1
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    Proapoptotic Bcl-2 relative Bim required for certain apoptotic responses, leukocyte homeostasis, and to preclude autoimmunity (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-27
    Description: Apoptosis can be triggered by members of the Bcl-2 protein family, such as Bim, that share only the BH3 domain with this family. Gene targeting in mice revealed important physiological roles for Bim. Lymphoid and myeloid cells accumulated, T cell development was perturbed, and most older mice accumulated plasma cells and succumbed to autoimmune kidney disease. Lymphocytes were refractory to apoptotic stimuli such as cytokine deprivation, calcium ion flux, and microtubule perturbation but not to others. Thus, Bim is required for hematopoietic homeostasis and as a barrier to autoimmunity. Moreover, particular death stimuli appear to activate apoptosis through distinct BH3-only proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouillet, P -- Metcalf, D -- Huang, D C -- Tarlinton, D M -- Kay, T W -- Kontgen, F -- Adams, J M -- Strasser, A -- CA43540/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA80188/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 26;286(5445):1735-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10576740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Autoimmune Diseases/etiology ; *Autoimmunity ; B-Lymphocytes/physiology ; Carrier Proteins/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; Glomerulonephritis/etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/physiology ; Homeostasis ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes/*physiology ; Male ; *Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Control of granulocytes and macrophages: molecular, cellular, and clinical aspects (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-10-25
    Description: The production and functional activity of two important white blood cells, the granulocytes and macrophages, are regulated mainly by a group of glycoprotein colony-stimulating factors. The colony-stimulating factors have been mass-produced with recombinant technology and are now proving of value in preventing or suppressing infections in a variety of individuals with subnormal or defective formation of blood cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Metcalf, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Oct 25;254(5031):529-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Post Office Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948028" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/therapy ; Anemia, Aplastic/therapy ; Animals ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/genetics/*physiology/therapeutic use ; Granulocytes/cytology/*physiology ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Humans ; Macrophages/cytology/*physiology ; Mice ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Neutropenia/therapy ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemopoietic progenitor cells of W anemic mice studied in vivo and in vitroThis investigation was supported by Research grants G-66-RP-5 and G-67-RP-9 from the United Health Foundation of Western New York, and by Research grants CA-08847 and CA-07745 from the U.S. Public Health Service. (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 71 (1968), S. 211-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic cells from genetically anemic Wv/Wx,W/Wv, and Wv/Wv mice, and from nonanemic carrier W/+, Wb/+, and Wv/+ mice have been evaluated in vivo by transplantation techniques and in vitro by the agar gel culture method. Marrow from anemic and carrier mice contained progenitor cells which were decreased in number and formed small, often rudimentary, colonies in the spleens of irradiated recipient mice. Proliferation and differentiation of both erythropoietic and leukopoietic progenitor cells were delayed and reduced, but erythropoiesis was more severely affected than leukopoiesis. The severity of the hemopoietic impairment was gene-dose dependent. The W gene effect on leukopoietic progenitor cells was not secondary to anemia or to abnormal erythropoiesis.The marrow cells of anemic and carrier mice which form colonies of granulocytic and mononuclear cells in vitro were neither decreased in number nor impaired in proliferation and differentiation. Hypertransfusion of red blood cells increased the frequency of in vitro colony-forming cells, but not that of in vivo progenitor cells.The data demonstrate that colony-forming cells which proliferate in the agar gel cultures in vitro are distinct from the in vivo colony-forming cells and suggest that the former are primitive members of the granulocytic cell line. Perhaps in vitro CFU are in an intermediate stage of differentiation between in vivo CFU and myeloblasts, analogous to that which has been suggested for the erythropoietin-sensitive cell in the red cell series. W mutant alleles appear to act, therefore, at or very near the beginning of hemopoietic differentiation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040710304
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation by normal and leukemic mouse sera of colony formation in vitro by mouse bone marrow cellsThis work was supported by grants from the Anti-Cancer Council of Vitcoria, The Anna Fuller Fund and U.S. Public Health Service grant CA 132-66 from the National Cancer Institute. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 69 (1967), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Using a modification of the agar gel method for bone marrow culture, serum from various strains of mice has been tested for colony stimulating activity. Ninety percent of sera from AKR mice with spontaneous or transplanted lymphoid leukemia and 40-50% of sera from normal or preleukemic AKR mice stimulated colony formation by C57B1 bone marrow cells. Sera from 6% of C3H and 30% of C57B1 mice stimulated similar colony formation. The incidence of sera with colony stimulating activity rose with increasing age. All colonies were initially mainly granulocytic in nature but later became pure populations of mononuclear cells.Bone marrow cells exhibited considerable variation in their responsiveness to stimulation by mouse serum. Increasing the serum dose increased the number and size of bone marrow cell colonies and with optimal serum doses, 1 in 1000 bone marrow cells formed a cell colony. Preincubation of cells with active serum did not stimulate colony formation by washed bone marrow cells.The active factor in serum was filterable, non-dialysable and heat and ether labile.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040690111
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of colonies developing in vitro from mouse bone marrow cells stimulated by kidney feeder layers or leukemic serumThis work was supported by grants from the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, the Anna Fuller Fund and U.S. Public Health Service grant CA 132-66 from the National Cancer Institute. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 69 (1967), S. 93-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An analysis has been made of cell colonies developing in agar cultures from mouse bone marrow cells following stimulation either by neonatal kidney cell feeder layers or AKR lymphoid leukemia serum. Colonies arose by cell proliferation and were mixtures of granulocytic and mononuclear cells.Colonies stimulated by kidney feeder layers reached a mean size of 2000 cells by day 10 of incubation and remained predominantly granulocytic in nature. When bovine serum was substituted for fetal calf serum, cell colonies grew to a smaller size and lost their granulocytic nature, finally becoming almost pure populations of mononuclear cells.Colonies stimulated by AKR leukemic serum reached a mean size of 350 cells by day 10 of incubation. Although these colonies initially were granulocytic in nature, they finally became almost pure populations of mononuclear cells.The colony mononuclear cells actively phagocytosed carbon, and contained metachromatic granules probably derived from ingestion of agar.The mononuclear cells in these colonies may not have been members of the original colony, but may have been incorporated in the colony as it expanded in size, subsequently proliferating in the favourable environment of the colony.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040690112
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneity of in vitro colony- and cluster-forming cells in the mouse marrow: Segregation by velocity sedimentationThis work was supported by the Carden Fellowship Fund of the Anti Cancer Council of Victoria; the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Contract NO1-CB-33854; and the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (Lausanne Branch). (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 85 (1975), S. 643-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: C57BL bone marrow cells were separated on the basis of their sedimentation velocity at unit gravity and cell fractions cultured in agar using three types of colony stimulating factor (CSF). Colony-forming cells separated as a single peak (s = 4.4 mm/hr) in cultures stimulated by mouse lung conditioned medium (CSFMLCM) or endotoxin serum (CSFES). Clusterforming cells were separable into two peaks and the majority were larger than colony-forming cells (s = 5.7 mm/hr). Partial segregation of colony-forming cells was observed according to the morphological types of colonies generated, large cells tending to generate macrophage colonies and small cells, granulocytic colonies. Large colony-forming cells were more responsive to stimulation by CSF than small cells. Human urine (CSFHU) appeared unable to stimulate the proliferation of most small colony-forming cells.Colony-forming cells appear to be a highly heterogeneous population with intrinsic differences in responsiveness to CSF and with differing capacities to generate colonies whose cells differentiate to granulocytes of macrophages.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040850317
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endotoxin-induced size change in bone marrow progenitors of granulocytes and macrophages This work was supported by the Carden Fellowship Fund of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria and the National Cancer Institute, Washington, Contract NOI-CB-33854. (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 89 (1976), S. 381-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Injection of 5 μg endotoxin to adult C57BL mice caused a marked increase in the sedimentation velocity of granulocytic and macrophage progenitor (colony-forming) cells in the bone marrow. This change was maximal two days after injection and was not accompanied by corresponding changes in total marrow nucleated cell populations. The endotoxin-induced shift was not dependent on the presence of the thymus but did not occur in mice challenged after preinjection with endotoxin. No changes in buoyant density, cell cycle status, pattern of differentiation and responsiveness of granulocytic and macrophage progenitor cells were observed after the injection of endotoxin. The increased sedimentation velocity of progenitor cells appears to indicate an increase in cell volume but the mechanisms involved have not been identified.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040890304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proliferative effects of purified granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on normal mouse hemopoietic cells (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 116 (1983), S. 198-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: When granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), purified to homogeneity from mouse lung-conditioned medium, was added to agar cultures of mouse bone marrcw cells, it stimulated the formation of small numbers of granulocytic colonies. At high concentrations of G-CSF, a small proportion of macrophage and granulocyte-macrophage colonies also developed. G-CSF stimulated colony formation by highly enriched progenitor cell populations obtained by fractionation of mouse fetal liver cells using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, indicating that G-CSF probably acts directly on target progenitor cells. Granulocytic colonies stimulated by G-CSF were small and uniform in size, and at 7 days of culture were composed of highly differentiated cells. Studies using clonal transfer and the delayed addition of other regulators showed that G-CSF could directly stimulate the initial proliferation of a large proportion of the granulocvte-macrophage progenitors in adult marrow and also the survival and/or proliferation of some multipotential, erythroid, and eosinophil progenitors in fetal liver. However, G-CSF was unable to sustain continued proliferation of these cells to result in colony formation. When G-CSF was mixed with purified granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), the combination stimulated the formation by adult marrow cells of more granulocyte-macrophage colonies than either stimulus alone and an overall size increase in all colonies. G-CSF behaves as a predominantly granulopoietic stimulating factor but has some capacity to stimulate the initial proliferation of the same wide range of progenitor cells as that stimulated by GM-CSF.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041160211
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sources and biology of regulatory factors active on mouse myeloid leukeimic cells (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 113 (1982), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The action of serum or cells in enforcing differentiation in mouse myelomonocytic leukemic cells was monitored in agar cultures of WEHI-3B leukemic cells. The repeated intravenous injection of 5 μg endotoxin initially increased serum differentiating activity but after the third injection responses to further injections decreased markedly. Congenitally athymic (nude) mice exhibited normal rises in serum differentiating activity when injected with endotoxin but C3H HeJ mice failed to respond to challenge with purified lipid A. Whole body irradiation up to 1,200 rads did not increase serum differentiating activity but did not suppress responses to challenge injection of endotoxin. Coculture of WEHI-3B cells with peritoneal cells from normal or irradiated BALB/c mice caused marked granulocytic differentiation in WEHI-3B colonies. This effect was not seen if leukemic cells were cultured with thymus, spleen, or bone marrow cells. The serum halflife of the factor in postendotoxin serum enforcing differentiation of WEHI-3B cells was shown to be 1.5-2.3 hr.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041130425
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of eosinophilic-like granulocytic colonies by mouse bone marrow cells in vitroThis work was supported by the Carden Fellowship Fund of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria; The Australian Research Grants Committee and the National Cancer Institute, Washington, Contract N01-CB-33854. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 84 (1974), S. 275-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Formation of granulocytic and macrophage colonies in agar cultures of mouse marrow or spleen cells was stimulated by the addition of medium from pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cultures of mouse spleen cells (PKW-CM). Approximately 5% of the colonies developing were large, dispersed granulocytic colonies (DG-colonies) composed of cells with eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules. The capacity to stimulate DG-colonies was shown by media conditioned by PKW-treated lymphoid and peritoneal cells but not by other cells or organ fragments.Velocity sedimentation studies indicated that cells generating DG-colonies were separable from cells generating regular granulocytic or macrophage colonies. DG-colonies did not survive if transfered to cultures containing other forms of CSF. The active colony stimulating factor in pokeweed mitogen-conditioned medium which stimulates DG-colony formation was antigenically distinct from the factor stimulating granulocytic and macrophage colony formation, was separable electrophoretically from the latter factor and on gel filtration had an apparent molecular weight of 50,000.Although the cells in DG-colonies have not been established to be eosinophils, DG-colonies represent an interesting new system for analysing further aspects of the control of growth and differentiation in hemopoietic populations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040840214
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