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A method of preparing mesocosms for assessing complex biotic processes in soils (1995)

Bruckner, Alexander ; Wright, John ; Kampichler, Christian ; [et al.]

Springer

Biology and fertility of soils 19 (1995), S. 257-262

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ISSN: 1432-0789

Keywords: Mesofauna-microflora interaction ; Defaunation ; Monolith ; Deep-freezing ; Coniferous forest soil ; Simulation

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Equipment and handling methods for the preparation of soil mesocosms were developed. The mesocosms were used to investigate the interrelationships between mesofauna and microflora in a coniferous forest soil. Soil monoliths were taken from the ground, defaunated by deep-freezing, wrapped in nets to control reimmigration of different faunal size-classes, and replanted in the field for 8 months. in a practical test the technique described here proved to be an inexpensive field method for producing a replicated series of mesocosm in a short time. Deep-freezing is appropriate for defaunating soil monoliths. The fine nets effectively exluded meso-and macrofauna. No significant differences were found in the abundance of Enchytraeids and Collembola between recolonized mesocosms and the undisturbed control at the end of the study period. In contrast, oribatid mite abundace was still greatly reduced in the recolonized esocosms. Dominance structure and species composition of the more dominant oribatid species in the different treatments were apparently similar. To compensate for the low colonization ability of oribatids, a reintroduction of selected animal size-classes to defaunated monoliths is recommended.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336169

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Applications of SEPIL to the Solid State Defect Chemistry of Fluorites and Ultra-trace Inorganic Analysis [New analytical methods (16)] (1979)

Wright, John C. ; Tallant, D. R. ; Gustafson, F. J. ; [et al.]

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 18 (1979), S. 738-752

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ISSN: 0570-0833

Keywords: SEPIL (selectively exiting probe ion luminescence) ; Defect chemistry ; Fluorites ; Analytical methods ; Luminescence ; Solid-state reactions ; Trace analysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Although it has been recognized for many years that the spectra of lanthanoid ions can provide useful information about short range phenomena in the neighborhood of these inos in a solid material, lanthanoid spectroscopy has only infrequently been used for studying complex materials because of the problem of line-sorting the complex spectra that are obtained. The advent of convenient tuneable lasers has eliminated this problem. By selectively exciting probe ion luminescence (SEPIL), it is possible to obtain fluorescence and excitation spectra from a single kind of crystallographic environment. Two applications of this method are dicussed in this paper. The first application is the study of the defect chemistry of fluorite materials (compounds with CaF2 lattice). It is shown how this method can provide unique information about the solid state chemistry, thus clarifying many of the unexplained behaviors of this important class of material. The second application shows application shows how ultra-trace analysis can be carried out by causing an association between an analyte ion and a fluorecent probe ion. The unique crystal field levels of a probe ion associated with a particular analyte can be selectively excited so that traces of the ion to be analyzed can be detected with very high selectivity and with very low detection limits.

Additional Material: 25 Ill.