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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (16)
  • phase separation  (13)
  • Seismology  (12)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and Chromatographic Application of Macroporous Silicate in a Capillary (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 19 (2000), S. 371-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: phase separation ; silica ; capillary column ; HPLC ; CEC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Continuous macroporous silica gel networks were prepared in a fused silica capillary, and evaluated in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Under pressure-driven conditions, considerable dependence of column efficiency on the linear velocity of the mobile phase was observed in spite of the small size of the silica skeletons. A major source of band broadening in the pressure-driven mode was found in the A-term of van Deemter equation. The performance of the continuous silica capillary column in the electro-driven mode was much better than that in the pressure-driven mode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008770707572
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Designing Double Pore Structure in Alkoxy-Derived Silica Incorporated with Nonionic Surfactant (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of porous materials 5 (1998), S. 103-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4854
    Keywords: silica ; sol-gel ; phase separation ; solvent exchange ; surfactant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The principle of designing double-pore structure in alkoxy-derived silica is described with the experimental system containing polyoxyethylene nonylphenylether. The formation of macropores is consistently explained in terms of the concurrence of a phase separation and a sol-gel transition in the polymerizing silica-surfactant-solvent system. The composition-morphology relationship exhibited a substantial variation depending on the length of oxyethylene units in the surfactant molecule. The mesopore volume obtained after basic solvent exchange and a heat-treatment suggested that the surfactant with shorter oxyethylene chain tends to be incorporated more in the gel phase to give higher mesopore volume. The small-angle X-ray scattering measurement of the gelling and aging system supported this hypothesis indicating micelle formation in the system containing a surfactant with shorter oxyethylene chain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009633102016
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pore Structure Control of Silica Gels Based on Phase Separation (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of porous materials 4 (1997), S. 67-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4854
    Keywords: pore structure control ; silica gels ; phase separation ; spinodal decomposition ; chromatography ; sol-gel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In the alkoxy-derived sol-gel system, various macroporous morphologies can be obtained by inducing the phase separation parallel to the sol-gel transition. This principle of macroporous morphology control can be best applied to pure silica and silica-based multicomponent oxide systems. The earlier the phase separation takes place than the sol-gel transition, the larger the characteristic sizes of pores and gel skeletons become. The time resolved light scattering measurements revealed that the morphology formation process exhibits the features of spinodal decomposition and that the final gel morphology is determined by the competitive kinetics between the domain coarsening and the structure freezing by sol-gel transition. The mesopore structure of such macroporous gel skeletons could be easily tailored by the solvent exchange procedures. Silica gels with controlled macropores and mesopores were successfully applied as a material for the continuous rod type column for high performance liquid chromatography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009627216939
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of open tubular micro capillary liquid chromatography. 1. The development of open tubular micro capillary liquid chromatography (1978)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 1 (1978), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid Chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Preparation of LC-Capillaries ; Investigation of column parameters ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Micro capillary columns were successfully applied to liquid chromatography by employing the principles used in micro high performance liquid chromatography. Fundamental investigations on the use of capillary columns in LC were performed for the various column parameters. Good separations of five aromatic hydrocarbons and four kinds of phthalic esters were obtained on a 62 μm I.D. capillary column, coated with SE-30.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240010106
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micro-HPLC-IP detection system in separation of non-UV absorbing organic compounds (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 6 (1983), S. 210-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Micro-HPLC ; ICP-AES ; Non-UV absorbing organic compounds ; Size exclusion chromatography ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240060412
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Monolithic-Type HPLC Column For Fast Separations (2000)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 23 (2000), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: HPLC ; monolithic column ; silica rod column ; fast separations ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The application of a new silica-based, monolithic-type HPLC-column for fast separations is presented. The column is prepared according to a new sol-gel process, which is based on the hydrolysis and polycondensation of alkoxysilanes in the presence of water soluble polymers. The method leads to “rods” made of a single piece of porous silica with a defined pore structure, i. e. macro- and mesopores. The main feature of silica rod columns is a higher total porosity, about 15% higher than of conventional particulate HPLC columns. The resulting column pressure drop is therefore much lower, allowing operation at higher flow rates including flow gradients. Consequently, HPLC analysis can be performed much faster, as it is demonstrated by various applications.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tailoring Mesopores in Monolithic Macroporous Silica for HPLC (2000)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 23 (2000), S. 106-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Silica ; monolithic column ; aging ; mesopores ; pore size distribution ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Mesopore formation in silica gels having continuous macropores has been investigated. The macroporous wet silica gel prepared by the sol-gel process including phase separation was aged in a basic solvent making use of hydrolysis of urea in a closed condition. The mesopore structure was finally obtained by subsequent evaporation drying of solvent and heat-treatment at 600°C for 2 h. The dissolution-reprecipitation kinetics at the interfaces between wet gel skeletons and an external solvent affected the size and volume of pores formed within the skeletons. Below 120°C, mesopores suitable for various chromatographic applications have been formed typically within 24 h. On the other hand, at 200°C, the pore size attained the macropore dimensions (〉50 nm), and the whole macroporous morphology was significantly modified.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monolithic Silica Columns for HPLC, Micro-HPLC, and CEC (2000)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 23 (2000), S. 111-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Monolithic column ; silica monolith ; HPLC ; capillary liquid chromatography ; capillary electrochromatography ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Two types of monolithic silica columns derivatized to form an ODS phase, one prepared in a fused silica capillary (SR-FS) and the other prepared in a mold and clad with an engineering plastic (poly-ether-ether-ketone) (SR-PEEK), were evaluated. The column efficiency and pressure drop were compared with those of a column packed with 5-μm ODS-silica particles and of an ODS-silica monolith prepared in a mold and wrapped with PTFE tubing (SR-PTFE). SR-FS gave a lower pressure drop than a column packed with 5-μm particles by a factor of 20, and a plate height of 20 μm at a linear velocity below 1 mm/s. SR-PEEK showed higher flow-resistance than the other monolithic silica columns, but they still showed a minimum plate height of 8-10 μm and a lower pressure drop than popular commercial columns packed with 5-μm particles. The evaluation of SR-FS columns in a CEC mode showed much higher efficiency than in a pressure-driven mode.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of open-tubular micro-capillary liquid chromatography (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 371-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Capillary, glass ; Review on open tubular micro capillary LC ; Technical solutions of the problems in zero dead volume connections ; Capillary LC/MS combination ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Capillary columns in gas chromatography, first proposed by Golay [1,2], have become well established [3] which have extremely high column efficiencies and separabilities. Everyone could imagine it to be a great tool if such a kind of high efficiency column could be established in liquid chromatography (LC). Microcapillary liquid chromatography (MCLC) may be one way of achieving high-efficiency in terms of theoretical plates. Few papers were published in this field before 1976 [4-6], but more recently, after 1977 [7-15], this field has become one of topical interest in liquid chromatography. Temporarily there are two microcapillary liquid chromatography, that is: „open-tubular“ [7,8,10-15] and „packed“ [9] MCLC. In this presentation we focus on open-tubular microcapillary liquid chromatography and a review contemporary developments of ours and others.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240020621
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Philanthotoxins. A mass spectrometric investigation (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 3 (1989), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method employing liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in conjunction with metastable-ion measurements (linked scanning at constant B/E) to obtain sequence-specific information for three synthetic polyamine isomers was developed. The normal liquid SIMS spectra gave molecular weight information, but important sequence ions were of low intensity or obscured by the background. The metastable-ion spectra contained important fragment ions in particular due to cleavage along the polyamine chain. One of the three synthetic isomers was identical with a toxin present in the venom of the digger wasp. In conjunction with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies, this should be a powerful method for the structural characterization of other closely related toxins present in the venom of this wasp.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290030906
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