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  • Other Sources  (21)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (21)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • Chemical Engineering
  • 1
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    A practical approach to determining the uncertainty of a pressure measurement system (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The pressure measurement systems located at three propulsion component test stands at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) were evaluated for their specific measurement uncertainty levels. An elemental error source evaluation was performed to provide an analytical estimate of uncertainty. Applied loads tests were also conducted at the different MSFC test sites to derive an empirical estimate of uncertainty for the measurement system process. The analytical results are compared to those obtained empirically. The data from MFSC was also compared to data reported from other comparable test facilities. Methods for acquiring and processing the data from calibration, acquisition, and reduction error sources are also addressed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: In: International Instrumentation Symposium, 39th, Albuquerque, NM, May 2-6, 1993, Proceedings (A93-54351 24-35); p. 511-539.
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  • 2
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    Four-shooter - A large format charge-coupled device camera for the Hale telescope (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The Hale telescope has employed an astronomical camera using four 800x800 CCDs in an optical arrangement that allows the imaging of a contiguous 1600-pixel-square region of the sky; reimaging optics are then used to yield a scale of 0.33 arcsec/pixel. Optical coatings are incorporated to yield a throughput at peak efficiency of nearly 50 percent, including telescope losses. This camera can be used in a scanning mode, in which the telescope tracking rate is offset and the charge is clocked in the chips in such a way that the charge image remains aligned with the optical image. Attention is given to the results of a survey for high-redshift quasars using this equipment, which has produced images for the most distant galaxy clusters yet discovered.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Optical Engineering (ISSN 0091-3286); 26; 779-787
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  • 3
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    Calibration of the Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe used on the ER-2 during the Airborne Antarctic Ozone Experiment (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The Particle Measuring Systems (PMS) Forwared Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP-100) which was flown on the ER-2 during the Airborne Antarctic Ozone Experiment for the measurement of particles in polar stratospheric clouds has been evaluated and calibrated. The sample volume of the probe per 10-s sampling period increases from 257 cu cm for 1-micron particles to 412 for 15-micron particles, but there is substantial uncertainty in this value. Limitations in the measurements from this instrument and possible corrections are discussed. The uncertainty in the total particle mass measured by the probe may be as large as + or - 100 percent. Recommendations are given for the processing of data from the FSSP used in this project.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 16475-16
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  • 4
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    In-flight radiometric calibration of AVIRIS in 1994 (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The AVIRIS sensor must be calibrated at the time it measures spectra from the ER-2 airborne platform in order to achieve research and application objectives that are both quantitative and physically based. However, the operational environment inside the Q-bay of the ER-2 at 20 km altitude differs from that in the AVIRIS laboratory with respect to temperature, pressure, vibration, and high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Experiments at surface calibration targets are used in each flight season to confirm the accuracy of AVIRIS in-flight radiometric calibrations. For these experiments, the MODTRAN radiative transfer code is constrained by using in situ measurements to independently predict the upwelling spectral radiance arriving at AVIRIS for a specific calibration target. AVIRIS calibration is validated in flight by comparing the MODTRAN-predicted radiance to the laboratory-calibrated radiance measured by the AVIRIS sensor for the same time over the calibration target. We present radiometric calibration results for the AVIRIS in-flight calibration experiment held at the beginning of the 1994 flight season.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Summaries of the Fifth Annual JPL Airborne Earth Science Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop; p 83-86
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  • 5
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    Inflight calibration of AVIRIS in 1992 and 1993 (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: In order to pursue the quantitative research objective of AVIRIS, the spectral, radiometric characteristic of the sensor must be known at the time of flight data acquisition. AVIRIS is rigorously calibrated in the laboratory. In addition, three times each year these characteristics of AVIRIS are validated through an inflight calibration experiment. Absolute radiometric calibration and signal-to-noise results are present for the inflight calibration experiment orchestrated in 1992 and 1993.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Summaries of the 4th Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop; p 69-72
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  • 6
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    Comparison of laboratory calibrations of the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) at the beginning and end of the first flight season (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Spectral and radiometric calibrations of the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) were performed in the laboratory in June and November, 1987, at the beginning and end of the first flight season. Those calibrations are described along with changes in instrument characteristics that occurred during the flight season as a result of factors such as detachment of the optical fibers to two of the four AVIRIS spectrometers, degradation in the optical alignment of the spectrometers due to thermally-induced and mechanical warpage, and breakage of a thermal blocking filter in one of the spectrometers. These factors caused loss of signal in three spectrometers, loss of spectral resolution in two spectrometers, and added uncertainty in the radiometry of AVIRIS. Results from in-flight assessment of the laboratory calibrations are presented. A discussion is presented of improvements made to the instrument since the end of the first flight season and plans for the future. Improvements include: (1) a new thermal control system for stabilizing spectrometer temperatures, (2) kinematic mounting of the spectrometers to the instrument rack, and (3) new epoxy for attaching the optical fibers inside their mounting tubes.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Proceedings of the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectro; Proceedings of the A
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  • 7
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    In-flight radiometric calibration of the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A reflectance-based method was used to provide an analysis of the in-flight radiometric performance of AVIRIS. Field spectral reflectance measurements of the surface and extinction measurements of the atmosphere using solar radiation were used as input to atmospheric radiative transfer calculations. Five separate codes were used in the analysis. Four include multiple scattering, and the computed radiances from these for flight conditions were in good agreement. Code-generated radiances were compared with AVIRIS-predicted radiances based on two laboratory calibrations (pre- and post-season of flight) for a uniform highly reflecting natural dry lake target. For one spectrometer (C), the pre- and post-season calibration factors were found to give identical results, and to be in agreement with the atmospheric models that include multiple scattering. This positive result validates the field and laboratory calibration technique. Results for the other spectrometers (A, B and D) were widely at variance with the models no matter which calibration factors were used. Potential causes of these discrepancies are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Proceedings of the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectro; Proceedings of the A
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  • 8
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    Extrinsic germanium Blocked Impurity Bank (BIB) detectors (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Ge:Ga blocked-impurity-band (BIB) detectors with long wavelength thresholds greater than 190 microns and peak quantum efficiencies of 4 percent, at an operating temperature of 1.8 K, have been fabricated. These proof of concept devices consist of a high purity germanium blocking layer epitaxially grown on a Ga-doped Ge substrate. This demonstration of BIB behavior in germanium enables the development of far infrared detector arrays similar to the current silicon-based devices. Present efforts are focussed on improving the chemical vapor deposition process used to create the blocking layer and on the lithographic processing required to produce monolithic detector arrays in germanium. Approaches to test the impurity levels in both the blocking and active layers are considered.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Proceedings of the Third Infrared Detector Technology Workshop; p 117-123
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  • 9
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    In-flight calibration of the spectral and radiometric characteristics of AVIRIS in 1991 (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: On 7 Mar. 1991, an in-flight calibration experiment was held at the Ivanpah Playa in southeastern California for the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) imaging spectrometer. Five AVIRIS overflights were acquired of a calibration target designated on the Ivanpah Playa surface. At the time of the overflights, the reflectance of the calibration target was measured with a field spectrometer. In addition, the atmospheric optical depths and water vapor abundance were measured from a radiometer station adjacent to the calibration target. These in-situ measurements were used to constrain the MODTRAN radiative transfer code to model the upwelling spectral radiance incident to the sensor aperture during the overflights. Analyses of this modeled radiance in conjunction with the laboratory-calibrated radiance were used to determine the spectral and radiometric calibration of AVIRIS while in flight.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Summaries of the Third Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop; p 1-4
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  • 10
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    Development of an endoscopic probe for radial metrology (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The goal of this work was to design and build a prototype for conducting stress analysis and making spectroscopic measurements inside cavities. The objectives were as follows: (1) to develop a prototype for radial profilometry; (2) to explore the possibility of using the radial profilometer for spectroscopic analysis; and (3) to interface the prototype with various combinations of data acquisition and image processing equipment.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-CR-184577 , NAS 1.26:184577 , UAH-750
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