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  • 1
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    Advanced Monte Carlo modeling of prompt fission neutrons for thermal and fast neutron-induced fission reactions on ^{239}Pu (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-24
    Description: Author(s): P. Talou, B. Becker, T. Kawano, M. B. Chadwick, and Y. Danon Prompt fission neutrons following the thermal and 0.5 MeV neutron-induced fission reaction of 239 Pu are calculated using a Monte Carlo approach to the evaporation of the excited fission fragments. Exclusive data such as the multiplicity distribution P ( ν ) , the average multiplicity as a function of fr... [Phys. Rev. C 83, 064612] Published Thu Jun 23, 2011
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    Measurement and model analysis of (n,xα) cross sections for Cr, Fe, ^{59}Co, and ^{58,60}Ni from threshold energy to 150 MeV (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-02
    Description: Author(s): S. Kunieda, R. C. Haight, T. Kawano, M. B. Chadwick, S. M. Sterbenz, F. B. Bateman, O. A. Wasson, S. M. Grimes, P. Maier-Komor, H. Vonach, T. Fukahori, and Y. Watanabe Neutron reactions that produce α particles have been investigated experimentally and analyzed by reaction model calculations for incident neutron energies from threshold to 150 MeV on elemental chromium and iron. The cross sections were measured at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center by direct obs... [Phys. Rev. C 85, 054602] Published Tue May 01, 2012
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    Single cell activity reveals direct electron transfer in methanotrophic consortia (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-17
    Description: Multicellular assemblages of microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature, and the proximity afforded by aggregation is thought to permit intercellular metabolic coupling that can accommodate otherwise unfavourable reactions. Consortia of methane-oxidizing archaea and sulphate-reducing bacteria are a well-known environmental example of microbial co-aggregation; however, the coupling mechanisms between these paired organisms is not well understood, despite the attention given them because of the global significance of anaerobic methane oxidation. Here we examined the influence of interspecies spatial positioning as it relates to biosynthetic activity within structurally diverse uncultured methane-oxidizing consortia by measuring stable isotope incorporation for individual archaeal and bacterial cells to constrain their potential metabolic interactions. In contrast to conventional models of syntrophy based on the passage of molecular intermediates, cellular activities were found to be independent of both species intermixing and distance between syntrophic partners within consortia. A generalized model of electric conductivity between co-associated archaea and bacteria best fit the empirical data. Combined with the detection of large multi-haem cytochromes in the genomes of methanotrophic archaea and the demonstration of redox-dependent staining of the matrix between cells in consortia, these results provide evidence for syntrophic coupling through direct electron transfer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGlynn, Shawn E -- Chadwick, Grayson L -- Kempes, Christopher P -- Orphan, Victoria J -- England -- Nature. 2015 Oct 22;526(7574):531-5. doi: 10.1038/nature15512. Epub 2015 Sep 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. ; Exobiology Branch, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. ; Control and Dynamical Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. ; SETI Institute, Mountain View, California 94034, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26375009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Archaea/cytology/*metabolism ; Cytochromes/genetics/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Deltaproteobacteria/cytology/*metabolism ; Diffusion ; Electron Transport ; Genome, Archaeal/genetics ; Genome, Bacterial/genetics ; Heme/metabolism ; Methane/*metabolism ; Microbiota/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Single-Cell Analysis ; Sulfates/metabolism ; *Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Artificial electron acceptors decouple archaeal methane oxidation from sulfate reduction (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: The oxidation of methane with sulfate is an important microbial metabolism in the global carbon cycle. In marine methane seeps, this process is mediated by consortia of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) that live in syntrophy with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The underlying interdependencies within this uncultured symbiotic partnership are poorly understood. We used a combination of rate measurements and single-cell stable isotope probing to demonstrate that ANME in deep-sea sediments can be catabolically and anabolically decoupled from their syntrophic SRB partners using soluble artificial oxidants. The ANME still sustain high rates of methane oxidation in the absence of sulfate as the terminal oxidant, lending support to the hypothesis that interspecies extracellular electron transfer is the syntrophic mechanism for the anaerobic oxidation of methane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scheller, Silvan -- Yu, Hang -- Chadwick, Grayson L -- McGlynn, Shawn E -- Orphan, Victoria J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 12;351(6274):703-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7154.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; *Carbon Cycle ; Electron Transport ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Methane/*metabolism ; Methanosarcinales/classification/genetics/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Archaeal/classification/genetics ; Seawater/microbiology ; Sulfates/*metabolism ; Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Late-time emission of prompt fission γ rays (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-28
    Description: Author(s): P. Talou, T. Kawano, I. Stetcu, J. P. Lestone, E. McKigney, and M. B. Chadwick The emission of prompt fission γ rays within a few nanoseconds to a few microseconds following the scission point is studied in the Hauser-Feshbach formalism applied to the deexcitation of primary excited fission fragments. Neutron and γ -ray evaporations from fully accelerated fission fragments are … [Phys. Rev. C 94, 064613] Published Thu Dec 22, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of procatalyst composition on the stereospecificity of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst systemRevised manuscript of December 20, 1991. (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 1463-1468 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In propylene polymerization with MgCl2/TiCl4/phthalate ester catalysts, using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine as external donor, it has been found that the fraction of atactic polymer formed increased with decreasing ester content in the catalyst. At the same time, however, the stereoregularity of the isotactic polymer fraction, as measured by 13C NMR, increased. Polymerization in the absence of the external donor led to lower polymer yield and a lower stereoregularity of the isotactic fraction. The results indicate that the external donor is actively involved in the generation of isospecific sites, particularly in catalysts having relatively low ester contents.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930622
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thoracic structure of the adult mecopteron, Bittacus strigosus Hagen (Mecoptera: Bittacidae) (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968), S. 199-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The thoracic skeleton and musculature of the adult bittacid mecopteron Bittacus strigosus Hagen is described. In its musculature, Bittacus shows only moderate differences from two panorpids (Neopanorpa, Panorpa) that have been studied by Maki ('38) and by Hasken ('39), respectively. Not only are these three genera much alike in their musculature generally, but in all of them, and in Boreus (Boreidae) too, the mesothorax is extremely similar to the metathorax. Functional emphasis (for flight) on either of the two pterothoracic segments has not appeared among neuropteroid insects at the metopteran evolutionary level.Although the “snowfleas” of the genus Boreus possess striking alterations of pterothoracic structure in comparison with other mecopterons (Füller, '54, '55), these are related to their unusual activities and have not, to any great extent, affected the two pterothoracic segments differentially.In terms of thoracic specialization, the overall mecopteran pattern represents a stage somewhat advanced beyond the primitive conditions exemplified by the Megaloptera and certain coleopterous larvae, but one that is in general less highly developed than is charatceristic of such neuropteroid orders as the Siphonaptera, Diptera, Trichoptera, and Lepidoptera.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051260204
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propylene polymerization with catalysts containing divalent titanium (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 2645-2652 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: propylene polymerization ; titanium oxidation state ; hydrogen activation ; catalyst decay ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The behavior in propylene polymerization of divalent titanium compounds of type [η6-areneTiAl2Cl8], both as such and supported on activated MgCl2, has been studied and compared to that of the simple catalyst MgCl2/TiCl4. Triethylaluminium was used as cocatalyst. The Ti-arene complexes were active both in the presence and in the absence of hydrogen, in contrast to earlier reports that divalent titanium species are active for ethylene but not for propylene polymerization. 13C-NMR analysis of low molecular weight polymer fractions indicated that the hydrogen activation effect observed for the MgCl2-supported catalysts should be ascribed to reactivation of 2,1-inserted (“dormant”) sites via chain transfer, rather than to (re)generation of active trivalent Ti via oxidative addition of hydrogen to divalent species. Decay in activity during polymerization was observed with both catalysts, indicating that for MgCl2/TiCl4 catalysts decay is not necessarily due to overreduction of Ti to the divalent state during polymerization. In ethylene polymerization both catalysts exhibited an acceleration rather than a decay profile. It is suggested that the observed decay in activity during propylene polymerization may be due to the formation of clustered species that are too hindered for propylene but that allow ethylene polymerization. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 2645-2652, 1997
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regio- and stereospecificity in propene polymerization with MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts: effects of hydrogen and the external donor (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 196 (1995), S. 1431-1437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Investigation of the effects of hydrogen and different external donors on the stereoregularity and chain-end distribution of polypropylene prepared using MgCl2/TiCl4/phthalate ester-AlEt3-alkoxysilane catalyst systems has not only confirmed the importance of regiospecificity in relation to hydrogen activation but has also indicated a significant effect of stereospecificity. Alkoxysilanes giving high isospecificity also give high molecular weight polypropylene. Polymer stereoregularity also increases with increasing hydrogen concentration in polymerization. These effects indicate that not only regioirregular but also stereoiregular insertion slows down chain propagation. In each case the probability of chain transfer with hydrogen is higher than that following a stereoregular insertion, and in each case chain transfer with hydrogen leads to the regeneration of isospecific propagation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1995.021960506
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotactic 1-butene polymerization promoted by C2-symmetric metallocene catalysts (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 198 (1997), S. 1257-1270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 1-Butene polyinsertion promoted by two typical C2-symmetric zirconocene catalysts (i.e. rac-ethylenebis(1-indenyl)ZrCl2 (1) and rac-dimethylsilylbis(1-indenyl)ZrCl2) (2) was investigated under both hydrooligomerization and polymerization conditions and compared with that of propene. It was found that, in spite of a similar regiospecificity for the two monomers, the fraction of “dormant” sites is higher in 1-butene polymerization, as a result of a (much) lower reactivity of a 2,1 last-inserted unit. Accordingly, in the investigated cases, 2,1 units of 1-butene were not incorporated in the growing chains but either isomerized to 4,1 units or remained at the chain end until they underwent chain transfer via β-hydrogen elimination. Experimental evidence is also presented of an epimerization reaction of the growing poly(1-butene) chain with a 1,2 last-inserted unit, leading to a decrease of polymer stereoregularity with decreasing monomer concentration.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1997.021980427
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