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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of abscisic acid in spores and hyphae of the arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungus Glomus and in the N"2-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 99 (1994), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Anabaena variabilis ; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; Azospirillum brasilense ; Conjugated abscisic acid ; Glomus ; Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(94)90115-5
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hydrogenase-nitrogenase relationship in the blue-green algaAnabaena cylindrica (1977)
    Springer
    Planta 133 (1977), S. 237-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria ; Hydrogenase ; Hydrogen Evolution ; Nitrogenase ; Nitrogen Fixation ; Inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen-fixingAnabaena cylindrica cells are found to evolve hydrogen in high quantities in the presence of CO plus C2H2. Studies with the inhibitors dichlorophenyldimethylurea (DCMU), disalicylidenepropanediamine (DSPD), dibromothymoquinone (DBMIB), undecylbenzimidazole (UDB) and chloro-carbonyl-cyanide-phenylhydrazone (CCCP) and also withAnabaena grown on nitrate- and ammonia-nitrogen show that the H2-formation is due to the ATP-dependent H3O+-reduction catalysed by nitrogenase. In control experiments CO plus C2H2 inhibited the activities of a cell-free hydrogenase fromClostridium pasteurianum. It is concluded that Anabaena has a hydrogenase whose natural function is to recycle the H2 lost by the action of nitrogenase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380683
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron donation to nitrogenase in heterocysts of cyanobacteria (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 143 (1985), S. 185-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Heterocyst ; Pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase ; Nitrogen fixation ; Electron transport to nitrogenase ; Ferredoxin ; Cyanobacteria ; Anabaena cylindrica ; Anabaena variabilis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Various electron donors were found to stimulate C2H2 reduction (N2 fixation) by isolated heterocysts from Anabaena variabilis and Anabaena cylindrica. Intermediates of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle as well as unphosphorylated sugars like glucose, fructose and erythrose were among these electron donors. The transfer of electrons from donors like H2, NADH, glyoxylate and glycollate was strictly light-dependent, whereas others like NADPH or pyruvate plus coenzyme A supported C2H2 reduction also in the dark. In all cases, the overall activity was enhanced by light. The stimulation by light was more distinct with heterocysts from A. variabilis than with heterocysts from A. cylindrica. The present communication establishes that pyruvate supports C2H2 reduction by heterocysts from either A. variabilis or A. cylindrica with rates comparable to those with other electron donors. Pyruvate could, however, support C2H2 reduction only in the presence of coenzyme A, and the concentrations of both coenzyme A and pyruvate were crucial. A pyruvate-dependent reduction of ferredoxin by extracts from heterocysts was recorded spectrophotometrically. Glyoxylate, which is an inhibitor of thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent decarboxylations, inhibited pyruvate-dependent C2H2 reduction. This result supports the conclusion that pyruvate is metabolised by pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase in heterocysts. High concentrations of pyruvate and other electron donors inhibited C2H2 reduction which suggests that nitrogenase activity in heterocysts may be controlled by the availability of electron donors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411045
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of the hydrogenase in some blue-green algae (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 118 (1978), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria ; Knallgas reaction ; Hydrogenase ; Hydrogen utilization ; Nitrogenase ; Nitrogen fixation ; Isolated heterocysts ; Anabaena cylindrica ; Nostoc muscorum ; Anabaena variabilis ; Anacystis nidulans ; Cyanophora paradoxa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several blue-green algae were surveyed for the occurrence of the hydrogenase which was assayed by the oxyhydrogen or Knallgas reaction in the intact organisms. In aerobically grown cultures, the reaction was detectable in Anabaena cylindrica, Nostoc muscorum and in two Anabaena variabilis species, whereas virtually no activity was observed in Anacystis nidulans and Cyanophora paradoxa. In these latter two algae, the reaction was, however, found after growth under molecular hydrogen for several days, which drastically increased the activity levels with all the algae tested. In the nitrogen fixing species, the activity of the Knallgas reaction was enhanced when all combined nitrogen was omitted from the media. H2 and hydrogenase could not significantly support the CO2-fixation in photoreduction experiments with all blue-green algae investigated here. Hydrogenase was assayed by the dithionite and methyl viologen dependent evolution of hydrogen and was found to be present with essentially the same specific activity levels in preparations of both heterocysts and vegetative cells from Anabaena cylindrica. Na2S2O4 as well as H2 supported the C2H2-reduction of the isolated heterocysts. The H2-dependent C2H2-reduction did not require the presence of oxygen but was strictly light-dependent where H2 served as an electron donor to photosystem I of these cells. It is concluded that hydrogen can be utilized by two different pathways in blue-green algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00415727
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The utilization of molecular hydrogen by the blue-green alga Anabaena cylindrica (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 114 (1977), S. 43-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria ; Anabaena ; Hydrogenase ; Hydrogen-uptake ; Nitrogenase ; Nitrogen fixation ; Protection mechanism ; Inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The blue-green alga Anabaena cylindrica is found to consume molecular hydrogen in a hydrogenase dependent reaction. This hydrogen uptake proceeds in the dark and is strictly dependent on oxygen, thus representing a Knallgas reactions. Its rate is almost as high as that of the endogenous respiration in Anabaena. Studies with inhibitors reveal that hydrogen is utilized via the complete respiratory chain providing additional energy for the alga. CO plus C2H2 completely block the Knallgas reaction which explains the previously reported considerable increase in the total H2 formation representing the difference between the nitrogenase-dependent H2-evolution and the reutilization of the gas catalysed by the hydrogenase in intact Anabaena. H2 is able to support the C2H2-reduction in the dark in a reaction again strictly dependent on oxygen. Moreover, H2 is also consumed in experiments carried out under far red light and in the presence of dichlorophenyl-dimenthyl-urea (DCMU) where the energy for nitrogen fixation is no longer provided by respiration but by cyclic photophosphorylation. Under these conditions, H2 is found to supply electrons for the formation of C2H4 from C2H2 in a reaction no longer dependent on the presence of oxygen. Moreover, in these experiments, the presence of H2 stabilizes the C2H2-reduction activity against the deleterious effect of oxygen. Thus, this communication provides evidence for a triplicate function of the H2-uptake catalysed by hydrogenase in intact Anabaena which is (a) to provide energy by the Knallgas reaction, (b) to supply reducing equivalents for nitrogenase, (c) to protect nitrogenase from damage by oxygen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429628
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